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Between the Lines

Larry Dignan, Andrew Nusca and Rachel King

Think before you fire: The cost of replacing IT talent

By | February 10, 2009, 2:54pm PST

Summary: There’s currently a certain sense of déjà-vu within the IT community, as companies look at shaving even more cost out of a function that has been battered since the 2001 dot-com bust. However, when we look at the lessons of the past, you do have to question companies which decide to sharpen their knives once more when they address their IT costs. Companies need to offset the cost of every layoff with the cost of replacing that talent when the economy improves. It is not so much who is left standing, but rather who is in position to grasp the brass ring of prosperity when it returns.

There’s currently a certain sense of déjà-vu within the IT community, as companies look at shaving even more cost out of a function that has been battered since the 2001 dot-com bust. However, when we look at the lessons of the past, you do have to question companies which decide to sharpen their knives once more when they address their IT costs. Companies need to offset the cost of every layoff with the cost of replacing that talent when the economy improves. It is not so much who is left standing, but rather who is in position to grasp the brass ring of prosperity when it returns.

If economic conditions improve in 2010, then the amount of costs saved by releasing an employee may only be $50-100K by the time all the lay-off costs are incurred. How can you put a price on replacing the inherent business knowledge of that staff member when you re-hire a replacement? It may take another year or two to get the replacement up-to-speed, and will not only end up costing you more, but may also impede your executives from accessing critical data in a timely fashion. The overall cost of replacing that staff member could easily be three times the costs saved by laying her off. And these easily-identified direct costs are only the beginning; the costs incurred to your culture and morale can prove even more damaging.

There are lessons to be learned from those who did it right and those who failed to do so during the recession of 2001. The frequently cited observation by George Santayana warrants consideration, “Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” Furloughed IT employees in the RIF of 2001 were often reluctant to return to their previous employer. Having been viewed as expendable, the trust and bond between the two may have become a casualty. Often the company belatedly discovered the employee was not at all expendable.

Companies often failed to realize that internal technology is an ongoing work in progress with parts of the past moving forward into the future. With essential team members no longer on board, projects bogged down due to a loss of internal expertise. If new employees were brought in, there were reduced capabilities with a learning curve to scale brought on by a unique IT environment.

IT is the glue that provides the connectivity within an organization and stakeholders. Every environment is unique, often featuring proprietary software and customized legacy systems. The complexity and diversity that results are best left in the hands of those who understand and are familiar with it. In 2001 firms laid off across the board only to discover that when times improved and IT projects resumed, many key people needed to implement them were no longer available. When entering into new engagements, some companies discovered that the chickens had come home to roost and that they were in the coop.

Whether outsourcing or aligning with business partners, management teams are built involving IT. And while outsourcing provides access to technical skills to support your tactical software support and maintenance, it rarely provides the inherent understanding of your business processes and environment that several of your key staff have.

Companies facing the challenges of 2001 with the foresight to prepare for renewed business opportunities in the future fared well. Instead, being reactive to the recession, they became proactive in their business. As opposed to across the board cuts, they applied due diligence and root cause analysis into their business. They prioritized strategically. In so doing, they were able to make adjustments to reduce unneeded expenses. Much of this involved taking advantage of global labor arbitrage for routine work. They also invested in initiatives to improve the business, often involving technology. It became apparent that the success of these initiatives was very much tied into keeping their key IT in-house people on the team.

There is a form of a parable concerning competitors who are prepared and those who are not. Two friends were walking in the forest when a bear came after them. They both turned and fled. One was not in very good condition and he breathlessly called out to his fit friend who was jogging along ahead, “You need to outrun the bear!!” “No I don’t,” came the reply. “I only need to outrun you.”

The current economic morass will not produce winners, but it will produce companies that are in more favorable positions to take advantage of opportunities at the expense of their more sluggish competitors when times improve. Cutting people that shouldn’t be cut can be cutting your own throat.

Feel free to check out my personal blog “Horses for Sources” for more articles,

Phil Fersht

Kick off your day with ZDNet's daily e-mail newsletter. It's the freshest tech news and opinion, served hot. Get it.

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Greed 101.
viztor 8th Apr 2009
The best recent example is Circuit City.
Management got rid of all those "high-priced",
knowledgeable staff, replacing them with
inexperienced kids. We know what followed.

We need to end Socialism for the rich.
"Creative Destruction" should be for the banks
and corporations, not the workers. "If it's
too big to fail, it's too big to exist."
Return to the regulations that restricted
conflict of interest; the change that let banks
get into other financial areas sowed the seeds
of the current disaster. It's beyond time to
end the Ponzi Capitalism of the Wall St.
casino, and stick to a real, conservative
economy.

And military spending is driving the country to
ruin, as it did in past empires. We need a
water-the-roots economy, not a trickle-down
economy, especially when the stuff trickling
down is yellow.

Public financing of campaigns is the best hope
of breaking the connection between money and
political influence.


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Two points
frgough 10th Feb 2009
One, the economy is not going to improve by 2010. It will be worse.
Socialism wrecks an economy. Every time. And Obama and the Democrat
congress are pushing socialism. Hard.

Wallstreet gets it. There's a reason the Dow dropped almost 400 points
on news the "stimulus" bill passed. They know that inflation is coming.
China can't buy a trillion dollars worth of debt, which means Congress
will crank up the printing press.

Two, the guys the companies are going to fire are the ones who aren't
pulling weight now as it is. Their best talent will remain.
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Neo-Conservative Economic mumbo-jumbo
toadlife 10th Feb 2009
Reagan cut taxes and raised spending in the 80's (borrow and spend) and the economy took off as a result. That's not socialism. It's Keynesian economics.

Stop listening to Rush and Hannity and go back to school.
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the spending increases (The ones to the scale Obama is trying to push).

Obama's Stimulus package is a Spending Spree of pork.

Our economy is consumer based, and when people stop consuming our economy hits the skids, the tipping point was when gas prices started over $3 a gallon and prices of everything started to rise and peoples salaries did not keep up with the cost of living increases so they had to buy less, so business had to start laying off (More on that later) which means fewer consumers, at this point it spirals out of control.

And the companies that layoff people while they are still very profitable only add to the countries problems

1) Microsoft's profit's down 10%
So Layoff 5000 people (now less consumers)
2) Starbuck's made 2.6 Billion in profit down
from 2.8 Billion from previous year, solution layoff 6700 workers to save 500 million (now even less consumers).

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Name the spending increases?!
toadlife 11th Feb 2009
Just look up the deficit as a percentage of GDP under Reagan. It skyrocketed to a level not seen since WWII. Both Bushes carried on the same torch and no Obama is left with.
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Fundamental Freedoms
Pembo Updated - 11th Feb 2009
You want freedom for busnesses to make their own choices, but then complain when a company makes a decision that is soley theirs to make.

If I own a business and I want to fire someone, or several hundred, then I can if I want to. Also I have to be willing to face the bad things that may happen because of my actions. You have no right to criticize any company for doing what is promised to them as Americans. It's the hard truth.

We give people and companies the freedom to grow as large as they can, and maximize prophits for its owner(s.) Because of this great freedom, we have to be willing to face the truth that if that company becomes big enough to actually effect the national economy, it still doesn't matter. If they want to destroy a piece of the America economy, then they have that right to make whatever decision they want to. The moment we step in and take over business or tell them who they can and can't fire, we loose one of the fundamental freedoms that makes America possible.

P.S. I'm in IT and mass layoffs do bother me, but I can't forget the freedoms and rights that gave me that opportunity in the first place.
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US economy is based in the productivity and the export of goods, not just in the local trade-off.

While the retail market and service business is a important part of the economy but the main basement is in the industries.

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You can speak this all you wish...
jskline0@... 26th Mar 2009
However to a liberal minded lazy person (aka pro union, pro government health care, pro socialist academia); you are speaking dribble.

They generally don't get it. But they will in the end when at some point, the Piper will have to be paid, and these idiots don't have a job and the where-with-all to make those payments..

To those who seek socialist changes in the US, Hope your change you wanted is what you were looking for. Better put some sugar on that because its going to be hard to swallow.
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re: two points
prdmarican 10th Feb 2009
I agree with you on point one, but disagree on point too..

In our case, it is the most senior person they are letting go... the new boss is using the economy and the layoff process to let him go because he dislikes him knowing more than he does...
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not always the case tho...
brokndodge@... 27th Mar 2009
In my case, after our company was bought in December, the new company came in and laid off the 30% with the least seniority. Without regard to performance. Now they are in a fix because they lost another 30% due to lost confidence in the company. They are now asking me to come back to work and I am not sure it would be such a great idea. Perhaps they should have simply waited a few months for the bad seeds to weed themselves out. I now ask myself "Do I want to work for a company that has so little sense that it will simply fire people without regard to the company's long term best interest?" I'm not sure that is in MY long term best interest.
Since we are on the topic. I am a republican and i say give obama a chance. Bushes policies and some initiated by Clinton have caused this.

This country is 10 Trillion in debt. Maybe Obama can do what clinton did and wrangle that debt down. Its not going to happen overnight and deminishing tax returns are not going to help. So as unfortunate as it is, they are gonna have to spend something to get something. Much like a business when it first starts up. In this, we are restarting the economy. Maybe it will work, maybe it will bankrupt the country... no idea

I liken what is going to open heart surgery, its like a beating heart. You operate and the patient may die, you leave it and the patient will suffer and possibly die. Either way, you have to do something.

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Clinton an debt ...
lalogos 12th Feb 2009
Okay, I stoop to this level and go "off-topic." Clinton did not "wrangle down the debt." The 1994 Republican Congress did.

Not everything can be blamed on any one person, nor can all the successes be placed on one person. The Congress controls the purse-strings. Congress voted for war in Iraq. Congress pushed for sub-prime lending. Congress did this.

In short, to sum up: government is the problem. Government certainly is not the solution. That is the fundamental difference between the conservatives and liberals.
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Strong Words from frgough
Pembo Updated - 11th Feb 2009
"Socialism wrecks an economy"
What... did u grow up in the days of sputnik. This isn't the era of uneducated hate speech anymore.

I think that socialism has its positives as well. Russia had one of the weakest and poorest economies during the time of our civil war and within 50 years or so, they were the only world power who could challenge the US.

I voted Republican, and it's ignorant speech like that, that's causing new generation of people to not want to take part in your 'view' of the future. Granted, that many new policies seem like socialism, but whatever. If capitalism got us to the point of the worst depression in the history of our country, then maybe we should try a few new rules for a while to see if they will pan out. They didn't say it was permanant.

I agree that tech positions will always remain, but we don't need your clouded world views confusing the people who are here to learn real information abour their future.
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troll!
magallanes 11th Feb 2009
Sorry but we are talking about a serious matter that involve almost any IT staff around here and you comes and say BS about republican are angels, democrats are hippies = commies.

It is a thread for adults not for you.

So, go ahead and play with you xbox360.


0 Votes
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Agreed.
lalogos 12th Feb 2009
We will just have to wait some years for these points to be borne out and proven correct. In the meantime, the libby hate-speech will need to be endured.

It's kinda funny how the libbies love to call conservatives stupid and brainwashed by Rush and Hannity. I have not listened to Rush in 20 years or more and have only seen 2 or maybe 3 segements of Hannity in my life.

And yet, they voted for Obama, a man without credentials, experience, or knowledge. They voted based upon emotion and bumper sticker slogan and were duped by Obama's calculated brainwashing techiques (learned in law school and facilitated by the media) that sidesteps rational thinking and takes control of the sub-conscious emotions.
0 Votes
+ -
Greed 101.
viztor 8th Apr 2009
The best recent example is Circuit City.
Management got rid of all those "high-priced",
knowledgeable staff, replacing them with
inexperienced kids. We know what followed.

We need to end Socialism for the rich.
"Creative Destruction" should be for the banks
and corporations, not the workers. "If it's
too big to fail, it's too big to exist."
Return to the regulations that restricted
conflict of interest; the change that let banks
get into other financial areas sowed the seeds
of the current disaster. It's beyond time to
end the Ponzi Capitalism of the Wall St.
casino, and stick to a real, conservative
economy.

And military spending is driving the country to
ruin, as it did in past empires. We need a
water-the-roots economy, not a trickle-down
economy, especially when the stuff trickling
down is yellow.

Public financing of campaigns is the best hope
of breaking the connection between money and
political influence.


0 Votes
+ -
What a bunch of BS
toadlife 10th Feb 2009
Reagan cut taxes and raised spending in the 80's (borrow and spend) and the economy took off as a result. That's not socialism. It's Keynesian economics.

Stop listening to Rush and Hannity and go back to school.
0 Votes
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Layoffs have to be handled carefully.
JonathonDoe 11th Feb 2009
I'm not saying that there is never a cause for one, but I am saying that you have to be very careful you don't cut necessary knowledge out of your organization; as the author points out, you might not be able to get it back.

Honestly, I know that I would have to think twice before returning to an employer who laid me off. I would be wondering, "how can I trust them with my family's financial future?".

I suppose a large raise would be required to even interest me in returning, because they have already proven themselves untrustworthy. Even then, I doubt I'd work the kind of extra-hours I do now ... because I would know that any loyalty I show to that company is *not* going to be rewarded.

A lay-off essentially says, "we'd rather compete against you than employ you."

Personally, I'd accept that at face value and take my skills and knowledge elsewhere.

Just my $0.02 after 30+ years in the business.

Regards,
Jon
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Completely agree.
Been_Done_Before 11th Feb 2009
Not sure i can say it any better.

I would only add that i dont believe many companies see employees as investments. I think many employers/bosses sometimes forget the costs of hiring and firing. This articles lays it out. Good stuff.
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RE: Layoff have to be handled carefully
fatman65535 26th Mar 2009
I agree with your point about the trustworthiness of an employer who lays you off. Years ago, that happened to me; and about 8 months later, they called me and wanted me to go back to work. My response was to slam the phone down, as I had found a new job during the interim that paid more. Simple NO-brainer.
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Also agree. I was a pink-slip recipient in 2001 as well, and was on the bench for 9 months afterwards to boot. Unlike many of my colleagues, I stuck it out and stayed in IT and can actually say I'm in a better place now than I would have been if I didn't do some soul searching and look at other specialties in IT (went from network admin/support to security).

That being said, I wound up going back to the company that laid me off a few years later. But for a much higher salary and position. When a better opportunity came along, I felt no compunction in leaving that company. Their loyalty was to their bottom line, why shouldn't mine be? Tough lesson to learn after being a loyal employee for 12 years, though.

Edit: Oops. This was a response to JonathonDoe and BeenDoneBefore.
Here in Detroit, your just wait your turn on the un-employment roles. Prolem is, when you are in you late 50's, doesn't matter what you know or what your experience is (unless your a VP or CIO). They just don't want you back. Much cheaper they think to H1B it.
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Being a native Michigander from Metro Detroit (Royal Oak, to be precise) I think that I'm qualified to say that Michigan is a nice place to be FROM.

Also, my mother was forced into early retirement -- she saw the handwriting on the wall, took a buyout and was never able to find another job in her field (working with mainframes) because she wouldn't move out of Michigan.
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Dilbert is as Dilbert does. I know, getting cut loose happened to me. Later, I was brought back on contract for TWICE what they used to pay me!
JDH
Well written and I agree 100%.

The managers of all the IT services companies should read this before deciding to fire people here with 20-30 experience AND INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE and replace them with employees in off-shore offices.

I bailed at the chance to take an early retirement from one such company. They invited all the folks taking early retirement to sum up their background, future plans, etc. and created a website to view them. I was shocked by the number of people that had supported systems since they were first built. I commented, to co-workers, that there was a lot of experience, knowledgeable people, that would be leaving. People who had vast knowledge of the customer's business and experience which helped in supporting the applications critical to the customer. All of that industry/business knowledge and wisdom was walking out the door, never to return. I hope the management of the corporations wakes up and realizes the talent they are losing with the cuts and firings of their senior programmer/analysts.

Oh well, maybe that will mean more contract work, for us.
True. Always has been, always will be.

But in a business climate that honors executive action rather than results, the CEO's that make the "tough decision" to fire thousands of families get the kudos (and the bonuses). When (or should I say if) the sales return, the shareholders are too dumb to recognize that the top guy has tanked the company.

By the way, the "tough decision" is to fire yourself because you hired all of these folks just to pump up the staff count. The good thing is that both the shareholders and the CEO will get their butts kicked when business returns and they find that the folks they fired are now with the competition and know where they live.

All of this "Stimulus" stuff coming out of the bright lights in DC is garbage. If you give a business a slight proportion of a worker's salary to keep someone and a slight penalty for firing someone, there would be full employment. On the other hand, a government worker costs at least his or her full salary with n multiplier effect ... and will get laid off when things get better. But it takes not hating business to figure that one out.
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Happened last year at my little company
gregglory 11th Feb 2009
Hey,

This exact thing went on in my little company, firing old employees at the behest of a new "manager" wiz who didn't understand the business model. and then hiring consultants who took 3 time as long to implement something new. Also the hiring of "marketing" guys who placed blame ignorantly on IT and software engineers. Very funny, but sad since the business is maturing, and old hands could help turn the ship back into fast waters rather than into the shoals of shallow analysis.

gregglory
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I just love your maritime analogy.

To continue it, having an new hand "at the wheel", while forgoing the value of experienced seafarers; is likely to cause that "ship" to either "run aground" or "sink like a rock".
The problem is that there is no "company" doing the thinking (at least at larger companies).

Some middle to upper manager type gets the bright idea to cut costs by cutting "headcount", and then sells the idea to cut x% across the board. Why across the board? Because that is the easy route (no strategic thinking required, no one gets mad and has to defend their parallel yet competing pet projects), and they can blithely cling to the claim that it is the "fair" way.

*Ding* middle to upper manager type gets fat bonus for "cost savings."

The lower level managers scurry about and then go to HR to generate a list based on whatever (often relatively arbitrary) method so that they do not have to do their job and can wash their hands of any legal entanglements that could occur if the managers were to be unprofessional and/or incompetent at their jobs.

*Ding* all the lower level managers either cheer at their ability to be well paid and avoid real work, or curse that they can't focus on the real problems.

So random people are let go from every department.

Hope you weren't in a department that had all good folks, because someone is going home. If you suck, you hope you are with a bunch of others who suck as much, and you are likely to stay.

*Ding, stock price goes up for a little while until company falters again. Rinse. Repeat.

This is an ongoing cycle. Why? Because those people who are making the decisions and getting the bonuses move on to other positions because of the "great work" they did and are not accountable for the long term effects. That will fall on someone the next sucker who will earn his bonus doing the same. Lower level managers will move around so they have no clue as to why their departments are always a bit dysfunctional. They also won't go out of their way to cut the poor performers because they likely won't be able to get that headcount back when layoffs are a way of life. I have seen groups hold jobs unoccupied so that the managers can get brownie points from their managers for "giving up headcount" that they never filled when layoffs come around. It gets them noticed and doesn't hurt their bonus opportunities either.

And of course everyone can thank HR for making sure that lower level managers do not do their job and determine who the real poor performers are...

Of course, that could just be my opinion after watching the cycle again and again over a decade plus with a very large company. And somehow I always heard people saying "they let X go? Why would they do that, X was the only one who knew how to..."

Companies do not make decisions. Individuals do. Most often, those individuals are very removed from the results of their actions, and those who are close have no sway on the outcome.
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You are so on-target
Lt. Dan 12th Feb 2009
Ditto on your experience at my Fortune 500, 300K employee IT company. Been here almost 20 yrs, and have seen exactly the same thing during the last 8-9 years, starting with the post-Y2K RIF's. Nothing like a pink-slip "thank you" for a job well-done.

Methinks we're all doomed to experience this sort of short-term, penny-wise, pound-foolish behavior as long as C-level types are only shooting financial quarter-by-quarter. By the time the poop hits the fan, they've already received their golden parachute package and gone on "to other opportunities."
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Spot on
Silent Observer 16th Feb 2009
You are spot on.

The only thing to add is the additional work that those left behind have to pickup.

Or in our case to additional work we have to pickup and adjust ALL projects because we got rid of Person X and acquired Person Y overseas. Person X did the jobs/tasks in 1 hours while Person Y, who is learning things, takes 12 hours.
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Mindless Recruiting SEEMS to cut costs
Professor8 12th Feb 2009
To many executives (and recruiters) the solution is to go
mindless. Don't be conscientious (or necessarily
conscious) in the recruiting process.

Just run those thousands of resumes per day through your
parser to chop them up into key-words and values, and
dump the resulting meaningless residue into your data-
base for handy, mindless retrieval ("matching") later, when
you feel like it, and declare all non-matching people
"unqualified".

Then start the obligatory whining about a non-existent
"talent shortage" and how long it toook to fill your last
temp gig.

Repeat as desired. And, whatever you do, don't think.
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I once had this argument with the CEO of the company I worked for. After he said "IT isn't our core business" I asked him exactly how much money we would make if the computers did not work. He stammered, got angry, and left.

http://layoffsupportnetwork.com/lsn/

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