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Christopher Dawson

The best Linux distro for a new breed of PCs

By | April 4, 2008, 6:21am PDT

Clearly, small, low-powered laptops are here to stay, with the advent of Intel’s Atom platform and the success of systems like the Asus Eee. Classmates are coming to a little lap near you, OLPC America is hard at work, and vendors should be jumping on the Atom bandwagon shortly. While we’re all thrilled at the prospect of using Windows XP Home on these machines (*sarcasm drips here*), the real question is which Linux distribution is best-suited for this new class of machines that I hope will be invading our classrooms in the next year?

*buntu is an obvious choice because of it ease of use and installation and presence of an alternative installation for low-end hardware. However, there are hundreds of distributions floating around that might work quite handily. Mandriva Linux, Fedora, and OpenSUSE can all be tweaked to run well and install easily, but again, they only scratch the surface of what is available.

The OLPC Sugar OS, for example, has a very small footprint, and, although its performance is a bit sluggish, the interface is a step in a very new direction. So here’s your Friday poll. What’s the Linux distro of choice for ultra low-cost PCs? Talk back and let us know if your choice isn’t in the list.

Poll

What OS is best for ultra low-cost PCs?

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Chris Dawson is a freelance writer and consultant with years of experience in educational technology and web-based systems. In 2011, he became the Vice President of Marketing for WizIQ, Inc., a virtual classroom and learning network SaaS provider.

Disclosure

Christopher Dawson

Christopher Dawson is the Vice President of Marketing for WizIQ, Inc., by day and a freelance writer and educational technology consultant by night. Well, most of his colleagues at WizIQ are based in India, so really he's working with them whenever he can stay awake. He has worked for his local school district as a teacher and technology director, for the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, and for Biogen, Inc. (now Biogen-IDEC, Inc.). He has also consulted with STATNet and Cytyc Corporation and retains close ties with X2 Development Corporation (now owned by Follett Software, the supplier of the student information system he administered for several years). Follett is paying him a monthly honorarium to act as a presenter for their "SIS Voices for Student Achievement" community (he produces occasional blog posts and hosts a monthly webinar on the use of student information systems to inform data-driven instruction and school-wide change. He regularly purchases and/or recommends Dell hardware. This is because Dell makes good hardware and has truly committed itself to education in innovative ways, particularly with their "Connected Classroom" initiative. It isn't because he has dealings with the company through his role at WizIQ (which he does) or because they have provided him with long-term loans of a variety of equipment for in-depth testing (which they have). Intel (reference designer for the Classmate PCs he has implemented in his local schools) has provided him with long-term loans of Classmate PCs for testing, as have Dell and Lenovo with their educational offerings. He may report on any of these companies as his experiences with them have direct bearing on educational technology; positive reports are not necessarily an endorsement and he receives no direct financial compensation from these companies or any others. Intel paid all expenses for his attendance at the 2009 Intel Classmate PC Ecosystem Summit which he attended as the sole representative of the technology press. He was invited to attend in 2010 but his wife would have killed him if he spent 3 days in Vegas geeking out and left her home alone with a new baby. Acer provided him with a 50% discount on an Aspire One netbook in early 2009 after he tested it for 30 days through their educational seed program. He liked the netbook at the time but it has since broken and sits unused in his office. Canonical sent him Ubuntu lanyards, t-shirts, and mousepads for his kids. He stole one of the lanyards and proudly hangs his keys from it and occasionally features his 8-year old wearing an oversized Ubuntu t-shirt on his Facebook profile. Gunnar Optiks sent him a pair of computer glasses to evaluate for a holiday gift guide. He is wearing them now as he types this because they never asked for them back and they rock out loud. Seriously - they work brilliantly and make it much easier to spend 20 hours a day staring at an LCD. If they ever asked for them back, he would fork over the $99 and buy a pair. Microsoft gave him 2 free copies of Office 2010 professional, a desktop clock, and a useless book on Office 2010 when he attended the launch of Office/Sharepoint 2010. He occasionally uses the SharePoint lanyard they gave him instead of the Ubuntu lanyard for his keys, but feels dirty afterwards. Adobe provided him with a pre-release version of the CS5 Master Collection for evaluation and ultimately provided a full, licensed copy for ongoing testing of educational applications of this admittedly expensive software. Like the Gunnars, if the license expires or they come out with CS6, he'd actually go out and buy it himself. Which is saying something, because he's actually pretty cheap. Any other companies wishing to send him cool things to evaluate, wear, or otherwise adorn his kids are more than welcome to; he promises to disclose it here if he keeps any of the stuff. Finally, because WizIQ is a virtual classroom and learning network provider, Chris, as VP of Marketing, frequently interacts with, seeks out deals with, and directly or indirectly competes with a whole lot of LMS, SIS, and other Education 2.0 companies. In general, he'll limit his reporting about these companies to news that does not impact his relationship with them or with WizIQ. If he reports on them, it's because what they are doing is newsworthy or worth the attention of his readers and not because he's trying to broker some deal, damage competition, or otherwise advance his position in his day job. LMS and SIS companies, along with other online learning communities, are a pretty important part of Ed Tech. If he stops reporting on them completely, there won't be a whole lot left. He'll be sure to call out any overt conflicts of interest if they are unavoidable. Finally, Follett Software Company pays him a little tiny honorarium every month to present on their SIS Voices webinars and to write the occasional blog or discussion thread for them. Since Follett recently bought X2 (maker of an awesome web-based SIS that Chris just happened to have used, served in advisory groups for, and frequently reported on), this is probably also worth disclosing.

Biography

Christopher Dawson

Christopher Dawson grew up in Seattle, back in the days of pre-antitrust Microsoft, coffeeshops owned by something other than Starbucks, and really loud, inarticulate music. He escaped to the right coast in the early 90's and received a degree in Information Systems from Johns Hopkins University. While there, he began a career in health and educational information systems, with a focus on clinical trials and related statistical programming and database modeling. This focus led him to several positions at Johns Hopkins, a couple-year stint in private industry, teaching high school math and technology, and 2 years as the technology director for his local school district. Most recently, he started his own consulting business and is now the Vice President of Marketing for WizIQ, Inc., a virtual classroom and learning network provider. He lives with his wife, five kids (yes, 5), 2 dogs, and a hateful cat in a small town in north-central Massachusetts. Although he is no longer teaching, his roles with WizIQ and ZDNet allow him to continue helping students and teachers add value to education with technology rather than merely adding to the bottom line.

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RE: The best Linux distro for a new breed of PCs
mindhammer 12th Apr 2008
I'd pick Zenwalk Linux (i'd pick the ZenEdu variant for school use) or SymphonyOne, a light and very interesting Ubuntu offspring.
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Ubuntu, but only an LTS version
pjotr123 4th Apr 2008
An Long Term Supported version of Ubuntu, not the "normal" versions. Three years of security updates instead of 18 months.

The period of security updates of other distro's is usually too short: 1 year.... In an Ed Tech environment, you don't want to install a new version every 12 months. That's really something that other distro's should improve upon: they are beautiful pieces of work, but they outdate too quickly.

Other option: CentOS. Even longer period of security updates, as it's really Red Hat Enterprise Linux revamped and uses the same software repositories. Disadvantages: CentOS isn't as easy to use and as easy to plug in the missing codecs, as Ubuntu is. Apart from that, the default applications are rather old: a Red Hat-patched Firefox 1.5, for example.

Greetz, Pjotr.
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Upgrades are painless.
sdaugherty 4th Apr 2008
Realistically, unlike most other distros, the option of in-place upgrades is well tested and well supported from one version to the next - Ubuntu built on Debian's excellent package management and rigid packaging standards to make even major version upgrades relatively painless. In an educational environment, outside of administration, you shouldn't have the type of mission-critical applications that are sensitive enough to warrant "enterprise" grade stability. Upgrades work cleanly 99.9% of the time, and, if you don't roll them all out at once, the mess isn't too hard to clean up behind the other 0.01% of the time. Now, for administrative functions, and other "must be up" applications, go with Ubuntu's LTS versions or CentOS. It makes sense there.
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Only a clean installation of Ubuntu is painless. Upgrading an older version to a newer one, causes problems in many cases. Due to outdated settings, superannuated configurations and conflicting previous tweaks.

I have seen a lot of upgrade misery on the Ubuntu fora in the last two years. My advice is therefore: with every operating system under the sun, a clean installation is always best. With previous formatting of the target partition.

So for Ed Tech I would definitely advise Ubuntu LTS. And to stick with it.....

Greetz, Pjotr.
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Agreed (kind of)
fr0thy2 4th Apr 2008
However, I've been really impressed with how pain free it has been keeping up to date machines, well, up to date.

I guess part of that goes hand in hand with what you're saying anyhow, in that when a config change or similar is necessary for a new revision of some app/daemon, by keeping up to date you only have to tackle it if/as it arises.

I've kept up with the latest Alpha stuff on a handful of Ubuntu machines and experienced no problems. Of course, you're always more likely to have a problem if a machine has the kitchen sink installed too .....
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Clean Install Is optimal
likehesaid@... 6th Apr 2008
But remember too use:
APTonCD
Installation disc creator for packages downloaded via APT
APT removable repository creator and package backup tool for Debian based systems.
This tool will allow you to create a media (CD or DVD) to use to install software via APT in a non-connected machine, as well upgrade and install the same set of softwares in several machines with no need to re-download the packages again.
For more information, visit http://aptoncd.sourceforge.net
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the SuSE distro. I went from 10.0 to 10.2 on three PC's. It was totally painless. Not one issue.

I'm getting ready to upgrade to 10.3 and expect the same results.
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You CAN expect the same results.
hkommedal 8th Apr 2008
I did excactly that and everyting was fine. I had to update the VLC separately though.
Just remember, as allways, to keep your /home as a separate partition. That way: should something sour turn up, you still have all your personal data intact. (Unlike the Windows way; everything under c:\...\documents and settings).
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You don't get it ....
wackoae 4th Apr 2008
The poster is talking "business". He is not talking "home geek wanting to play with the bleeding edge".

For the home user, Ubuntu's update cycle and "betability" is acceptable. But for business, Ubuntu is an unstable nightmare with an update cycle that is too quick.
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Don't speak for me
pjotr123 4th Apr 2008
I will speak for myself, thank you. As to the rest of your message: you are either misinformed, or malignant, or both.
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Don't speak for me
aussieblnd@... 7th Apr 2008
My My someone had a big bowl of cranky for breakfast this morning!! wink
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Apparently niether do you.
ajole 4th Apr 2008
The person you called a home geek was saying the same thing you are; that business wants a dependable stable configuration, which is what the LTS series is, it stands for Long Term Support; and is on a three year cycle, specifically to address your concerns. It is NOT bleeding edge. You just called him names because he said exactly what you are saying.

So what does that say about you?
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Different post
wackoae 5th Apr 2008
My reply was to a guy who was saying that apget was nice and good for business.

Somehow the post is either gone, or my post ended up under the wrong message.
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NT
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Ubuntu to be supported by Canonical for Business. But maybe I misunderstood the license I saw. And I'm not sure of the value of this class of PC to enterprise, seems more of home geek toy to me.
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the free download (OpenSuSE) or the commercial one.
The commercial one has pretty LONG support.
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Slackware .. stable, not bleeding edge, but stable. Everything works with never any worry about things being broken ..
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True, BUT
Maarek 4th Apr 2008
I have to agree, it's simple, and stable.

Slackware does require the user to load all the drivers. If something isn't compatable, there is no generic option, you have to configure it manually. For a beginner for Linux, Slack might not be the best option.
I LOVE Vector Linux, for instance.
innovative features will make it into other distros. Especially the hardware innovations of OLPC will make it into more powerful computers with adult sized keyboards.

Now if you asked what distro is best for grades 1-6, Sugar wins hands down.
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All too heavy
Yagotta B. Kidding 4th Apr 2008
Seriously, they're all loaded with features that are more of a liability than an asset. Having all of the hooks for a full-featured desktop system is great -- if you're trying to do a build for a one-size-fits-all set of binaries that will support everything possible.

I may be a bit biased in favor of Gentoo, but something that's either buildable with minimal dependencies (e.g. Gentoo) or built from the ground up without bells and whistles will have a much lower memory (and flash) footprint.

The problem, of course, is that users will buy something light and then want to load it with everything under the Sun. When (not if) they run into trouble they won't go, "Gee, maybe I shouldn't be trying to edit video on this," they'll blame the system.
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...
Linux User 147560 4th Apr 2008
Agree with Gentoo. devil
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Agreed too
fr0thy2 4th Apr 2008
about Gentoo.

You can have a minimal Ubuntu config - have a peek at slicehost and see what they're doing with it.
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Another Gentoo user here
Knorthern Knight 5th Apr 2008
The nice thing about Gentoo is that it's a "slow continuous rolling upgrade" rather than a "shock-therapy upgrade". User A does a new install in 2006 and does his monthly or bi-weekly updates regularly. 2 years later, User B installs the latest Gentoo. They should have basically the same software on each machine. A couple of hints...
1) do the compiles/etc on an external USB drive
2) run the updates overnight, and you won't worry about how long builds take
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I agree ...
George Mitchell 4th Apr 2008
Sugar is the right way to do it, but as an above poster pointed out, it is only for children. What is needed is a "Sugar-like" Linux geared for adults that is even more optimized for a small platform than Sugar. In other words, I think there has been a huge effort in Linux development circles on the server side, and on the desktop side everything (whatever that amounts to) has been geared to trying to compete with Windows and Mac in terms of whistles and bells. VERY LITTLE EFFORT has gone into trying to create a desktop that is REALLY lean, utilitarian, and simply functional. It is past time for that to happen, starting with the kernel. Once you focus on a web-based world, rather than a stand alone application based world, all kinds of efficiencies can be found. AND, once you boldly commit to moving beyond the Windows/Mac model of shock and awe user experience even more efficiency happens. Its past time!
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Gentoo would be great if you had some developers make a custom install for the hardware. They could start with a base linux system and build all the apps the best way for the intended market & the hardware it is to be installed onto. Once they built the system they wanted it would be fast and easy to install it. The users would never need to know that gentoo is a install from source distro because all they would see and use is a stable desktop.
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Totally off topic
Yagotta B. Kidding 4th Apr 2008
Dang, Chris, it's not like you don't have enough to do.

However, it looks like I hit a chord with my rather offhand "Gentoo" comment. As a "throw them in the deep end" distro it's quite effective and can be enlightening, but if you're tempted to try it out I warn you: it will suck up a lot of cycles in the beginning.

Being a fan of the "throw them in the deep end" I had my daughter build her own box, complete with Gentoo Stage One, before shipping her off to University (she's now a grad student.) She learned to manage it herself, learned that she could do things of that sort, and as a side benefit spent four years with an interesting social position:

"What? You run Linux? But you're a GIRL! Umm, what distro?"
"Gentoo."
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Too True because...
fakejake3 4th Apr 2008
...I don't know any women who run ANY Linux distro. And IMHO the comment I'm replying to wasn't really off topic since we're talking about which Linux distro is best for these new netbook devices. The Linux distro that "wins" needs to be intuitive for men and women.
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My wife and daughters run Linux
pjotr123 6th Apr 2008
And they love it. Only one daughter has any technical interest, though. But to install an easy Linux like Ubuntu, you don't have to have that.
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Mandriva is underrated
coolstar101 4th Apr 2008
In fact, Mandriva Spring 2008.1 is the only major distro that works on the eee pc out of the box; all other distros need a special cut down version just for the eee pc (eeeXubuntu anyone?).

http://forum.eeeuser.com/viewtopic.php?id=18287

Similarly, Ubuntu is overrated. Many people vote Ubuntu because it's the only distro they ever tried. A lot of distros like PCLinuxOS and Xandros are a lot more user friendly than Ubuntu; you can figure out how most things work just from the interface. Fortunately Ubuntu has a large user base from which to get help, and this community is Ubuntu's greatest asset.
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Agree 100%
wackoae 4th Apr 2008
Ubuntu may be a "popular" distro, but is nothing compared to Mandriva.

While Ubuntu has improved, it still a pain to install and setup correctly in may hardware combination. On the other hand, you can install Mandriva in 20 mins with little to no twiking or need to download drivers.

Mandriva supports more hadware than any other distro and is probably the only one where Wi-Fi usually works from the beginning.

It also has one of the best set of configuration tools (the "drake" tools) of any distro. Making it one of the best user friendly distro that can satisfy not only the newbie but also the power user.
BTW, Ubuntu owes all of its community support to the true king, Debian. Debian is the king and Ubuntu is the herald! Also, Mandriva and PCLinuxOS has borrowed as much from Red Hat as Ubuntu has from Debian. Thats what so great about open source and GPL, is that they all learn from each other and continuously innovate far beyond what any one company ever could.
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Mandriva is underrated
ce1 4th Apr 2008
I also agree. The install & regular updates of all installed files is painless. Its KDE interface would make it easy for windows users to convert when comparing the use of XP w/M$ Office to Mandriva KDE w/OpenOffice or even one of its lighter desktop managers.
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only distro they've ever tried
craiglarry 6th Apr 2008
And then maybe they have tried some others but when they tried ubuntu they knew they had come home. Maybe they vote for ubuntu because it is easy to get up and running and then you can decide what kind of things you want to do with it,with more than 180 servers to call on around the world and you can even scan for the one that is the most robust for all your needs. In other words, there's a bit more than "the only one they've tried."
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amen, but...
catseverywhere@... 7th Apr 2008
I have seen several people now mention in the Mandriva forums that they couldn't get answers from Ubuntu users but they sure could et flamed.

The Mandriva forums (so far) seem to be operating in accordance with the stated mission of a forum: fast, friendly and accurate support.

One such recent convert said they'd have come over to Mandriva much sooner if A) they'd known it was so dang good and B) if they'd known the level of community support was so good.
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Mandriva has got to be one of the best. Found my wireless router instantly, a few clicks and it was up and running. All the others are a nightmare, perhaps except for Linux Mint.
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It has all the goodness of Ubuntu plus all the proprietary codecs and everything people want right out of the box such as MP3 & DVD support, etc...
http://www.linuxmint.com
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Ditto. I also like
pennatomcat 11th Apr 2008
NimbleX.
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Almost any distro using Xfce. [nt]
Arm A. Geddon 4th Apr 2008
wink
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Xfce
JDThompson 5th Apr 2008
I started using xfce back when all I had was a 486dx33 with 8MB of RAM. I'm still using it now on my Thinkpad-240x (Celeron-450 with 192MB RAM) and my new machine running Fedora8 on dual-core processor with 2GB RAM.

Xfce has gotten considerably more bloated itself over the years, but it still has a combination of light resource use and good functionality that can't be beat.
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Agreed
kamahl928 7th Apr 2008
The least logical feature for a low memory WM would have to be Xfce's composition feature...

But I still take Xbuntu over Ubuntu any day; and that's part of the reason.
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RE: Mandriva.
Arm A. Geddon 4th Apr 2008
Mandriva is a good choice too but then I might be a bit more biased with them because I've used Mandriva since 1999. happy I have a soft spot for slackware too.
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DEBIAN Etch 4
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Haven't used it myself,
mhenriday 4th Apr 2008
but from the descriptions I've seen, Edubuntu would seem to be a reasonable choice, having, as it will, LTS. What does Christopher himself think ?...

Henri
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Has anyone used Dream Linux. I've installed it on a 400Mhz Celeron with no problems. I am pleased with the performance. It is using xfce for the GUI.
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Damn Small
winddrift03 4th Apr 2008
Damn Small Linux is what I'd use on such a machine. A powerful, yet light weight linux for a light weight machine!
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Puppy
cal67 7th Apr 2008
Try Puppy. I had a co-worker who had messed with DSL for weeks have Puppy up and running with no issues in minutes. I know as a Linux newb I couldn't get Ubuntu to work until I ran Puppy for a while and figured out how Linux was supposed to work.
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Puppy off LiveCD or HDD?
skris88@... 8th Apr 2008
Hi

I started Puppy off a Live CD and tried to install it on a HDD but failed, do you perhaps have a Puppy OS Easy HDD Install guide you an write?

Thanks!
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Puppy off LiveCD or HDD?
skris88@... 8th Apr 2008
Hi

I started Puppy off a Live CD and tried to install it on a HDD but failed, do you perhaps have a Puppy OS Easy HDD Install guide you can write?

Thanks!
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I'd pick Zenwalk Linux (i'd pick the ZenEdu variant for school use) or SymphonyOne, a light and very interesting Ubuntu offspring.

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