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Ricardo Bilton & Gloria Sin

Focusing attention is the new work ethic

By | January 10, 2009, 3:14pm PST

Summary: A person who works with complete focus has a major advantage over a workaholic who multi-tasks all day and responds to every interruption, according to a story by tech writer Mike Elgan on InternetNews.com.

Office Distraction

A person who works with complete focus has a major advantage over a workaholic who multi-tasks all day and responds to every interruption, according to a story by tech writer Mike Elgan on InternetNews.com.

Elgan cites New York Times columnist David Brooks, who himself cites Malcolm Gladwell in that author’s latest book, Outliers: “Control of attention is the ultimate individual power. People who can do that are not prisoners of the stimuli around them.”

But in an age of real-time e-mail notifications thanks to Outlook, plus instant messages, Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, personal phone calls, business phone calls, comment threads, meetings, lunch, breaking news and coworkers dropping by your office, it’s growing increasingly hard to ignore distractions. In this age, distractions seek you out, Elgan writes.

As a result, productivity suffers. You end your day exhausted by work, no doubt, but have you ever thought about how much that exhaustion is the result of true work, and how much is due to the mental effort expended in addressing, or at least ignoring, distractions.?

Elgan asks just how reasonable it is to “follow” all these things:

So when does the work get done? When do entrepreneurs start and manage their businesses? When do writers write that novel? When do IT professionals keep the trains running on time? When does anyone do anything?

The need for attention, rather than hard work, is imperative, he writes:

A person who works six hours a day but with total focus has an enormous advantage over a 12-hour-per-day workaholic who’s “multi-tasking” all day, answering every phone call, constantly checking Facebook and Twitter, and indulging every interruption.

To extrapolate, the classic workplace pressure of staying later than the boss isn’t necessarily a good one in the plugged-in 21st century.

As it turns out, controlling your attention may help you be more productive than working hard…and addressing everything.

What do you think?

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Andrew J. Nusca is editor of ZDNet and SmartPlanet.

Disclosure

Andrew Nusca

Andrew J. Nusca does not hold any investments in the technology companies he covers.

Biography

Andrew Nusca

Editor

Andrew J. Nusca is an editor for ZDNet and SmartPlanet. As a journalist based in New York City, he has written for Popular Mechanics and Men's Vogue and his byline has appeared in New York magazine, The Huffington Post, New York Daily News, Editor & Publisher, New York Press and many others. He also writes The Editorialiste, a media criticism blog.

He is a New York University graduate and former news editor and columnist of the Washington Square News. He is a graduate of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He has been named "Howard Kurtz, Jr." by film critic John Lichman despite having no relation to him. He lives in his native Philadelphia with his wife, cat and Boston Terrier.

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RE: Focusing attention is the new work ethic
DaveB in Atlanta 16th Jan 2009
Agreed...but. This opinion should be moderated by the person's job function. If your job is to do "transaction processing" as say, a customer service rep, interrupt driven may be the best way. If you are a developer, deep concentration is the better way.
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agreed.
CobraA1 10th Jan 2009
I would agree. When we become jacks of all trades, we become masters of none. We've invested a lot of time, energy, and technology into multitasking that we forget that the whole point of technology was to do all of those side items for us so we could concentrate on the most important tasks without getting distracted.

Unfortunately, the technology itself has become the distraction. We're always clamoring for the "next big thing" instead of improving what we already have. We're distracted by all of the newest social communities and games we've created that we leave little time for anything else.

. . . and now that I've said that, I think I'll leave this social community for a bit and focus on something more important.
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Time and Place
radslnshutchence@... 10th Jan 2009
This seems to qualify as a vacuum stat.

If a co-worker asks me a question, in email, that I can answer in 1 minute and then a team of 5 can get back to work, but if I wait until the end of my six hours they are stopped.. avoiding email to focus MIGHT increase my productivity, but would certainly harm the organizations productivity.

There is a time and a place for multi-tasking and a time and a place for intense focus. The biggest pitfall I see is either thinking one must exclude the other, or doing the wrong one at the wrong time.
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Depending on the type of job you have, interacting with people is normal. Those interactions do not necessarily qualify as 'distractions'. It's work.

Some jobs simply have more (unplanned) interactions than others, and it is part of the work.

It is simplistic to capture real life in a 'focus vs multitasking' dichotomy. Only business consultants who are out of a job come up with that nonsense.
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Exactly right
Lerianis 10th Jan 2009
Distractions are part of everyday life. Yes, it is annoying when you are just getting into the groove on something and someone comes in, making you forget what you were doing and, sometimes, how you were going to do it.

However, you just have to deal with those things, especially in the real world where it might be your BOSS who is doing the interrupting.
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Managing Interruptions
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
The phone is there for your convenience, not theirs.

Train your colleagues to recognise that physically
interrupting you is for urgent & critical purposes only. There
is email or voicemail for everything else.

If your boss thinks it's okay to interrupt you for trivia, that's
just another person you need to retrain.
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Not a dichotomy
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
Focus vs Multitasking is not a dichotomy, it is a continuum.

You choose where you are on that continuum, even if you're
a Personal Assistant.
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Reading is a skill.
nizuse 12th Jan 2009
I said "It is simplistic to capture real life in a 'focus vs multitasking' dichotomy".

And yes, I am *so* impressed that you can choose where you are on the continuum, and that you can retrain your boss. Yawn.
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Absolutely
Takalok Updated - 10th Jan 2009
... working through a project is like building a house of cards. When someone interrupts, it's like they just swept the table clean. Then you have to waste time trying to put your thoughts back together.

I think that's what probably slows multi-taskers down - the effort it takes to constantly reorient to each new task. That's just time wasted.
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My parents got angry because I 'tuned them out'. Same thing for my bosses.... they got angry when I did that as well.

The fact is that today, people HAVE TO MULTI-TASK and be ready for someone to ask them a question or come in to ask them to explain the reasoning behind something that they did.

To ignore that necessity is to live in a dreamworld.
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When I am working on something intently, the world around me disappears.

They key to my productivity is knowing when to turn that off. I can get incredible amounts of work done when I am focused, but when I'm needed for multiple things at once it all breaks down.
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Catering to ADHD colleagues
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
You just have to retrain your colleagues to learn that
interruptions are for urgent matters only. Whether there
should be a comma between the "however" and the rest of
the sentence is not an urgent matter.

To ignore the necessity to properly think things through
before interrupting a colleague is to live in a fantasy world
where looking busy actually gets things done.
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Agreed
jv30344 12th Jan 2009
If you interrupt someone at every little problem that comes along, then things just don't get done.... I have ADD, and my boss put me in a place that is away from traffic, and I don't get bothered unless it's really necessary.... All of us get a lot more work done that way.
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Did you ever think
hiraghm@... 12th Jan 2009
that the problem lies not with the people racing around you, but with you?
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I think that it all depends on what your work responsibilities are. If a major part or your work is about connecting to people, as in sales, recruiting, or ministry, then dealing with the interruptions is your job.
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For a sales person, don't you think it would be more
important to control interruptions? How well does it work
for you to be selling to a customer, convincing them that
they're the most important person in your world, only to
tell them, "sorry, I'll just quickly answer the phone because
another sales prospect is more important than closing this
sale."

Surely it would be better to close one sale, then show the
new customer how important they are by calling them
back?
Trying to please everyone cannot be sustained indefinitely. Burnout ensues, somebody replaces you because you're no longer able to cope with the tiniest problems.

Learn to say NO.
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I Agree!
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
All those gadgets are about stimulating the part of our brain
that likes novelty. By having these things interrupting you all
the time, you're feeling good because there's always
something new to look at.

But you're getting nothing done.
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Two Way..
thart26avic 11th Jan 2009
It takes two ways around to look upon on the multi-tasking point. Partly, it is a task that needs to be done by the employee. However, management has also the responsibilities to look upon the workload of their employee. Some are blind putting their employees overwhelm of workloads, that are no longer appropriate to carry on to their employee's current position. Interruptions in work is inherent and inevitable. Prioritizing things may help ease to fix things in a workplace.
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You have to get in the "zone"...
Roque Mocan 11th Jan 2009
There are these sprints of most productive time called "being in the zone". Perhaps a good research theme would be: how to get faster into the zone...
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Being "in the zone" is a requirement of high athletic performance. Physical activity and fitness is good for both the mind and the body.
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Ritalin is the new illegal drug
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 12th Jan 2009
Apparently there is a demand for Ritalin as an illicit substance by people who are not looking for a high, but who are looking to get an edge at work or studying for an exam. Ritalin will give you the perfect focus, but it will not make you feel high. As a person aho gets distracted often and comes to zdnet to make pointless comment, I can see why Ritalin is desirable.
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Ritalin is a cop out
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
Ritalin is s substitute for discipline.
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You have no idea
jv30344 12th Jan 2009
You have no idea what it's like to have ADD. Don't judge people who have ADD because you have no idea what they go through.
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Not really
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 12th Jan 2009
Discipline gets you siting in the chair to study. Ritalin gets you laser focused.
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Ritalin
jv30344 12th Jan 2009
I've been taking Ritalin for years now.... It is wonderful for someone like me with ADD, as it really helps me focus. Modern medicine is wonderful.
0 Votes
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True, but
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 12th Jan 2009
I was talking about normal people taking ritalin to get an edge.
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Here's a short list of what people do around my
workplace:

water their plants
chat
visit the storeroom for new pens and pads
chat some more
look at someone's pictures of their kids
walk to the breakroom, stopping at every cube to chat,
getting a drink, repeat on way back

Basically, lack of focus has little to do with tech,
and everything to do with the person.


and now I'm on ZDNet during work. sigh.
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Lack of focus or lack of goals?
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
Has everybody seen the company's mission statement? Have
they worked with their colleagues to produce their own
individual mission statements describing what their purpose
and goals are as an employee?

Do your managers talk to people about what their tasks are?

Do your people have any sense of purpose?
0 Votes
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Try using GTD!
jonathan.greenwood@... 12th Jan 2009
If you want focus I suggest you look at Dave Allen's famous Getting Things Done technique.

It is simple, effective and allows you to dump loads of thoughts in your brain into a trusted system thereby helping you stay focussed.

There are lots of GTD tools that make it easier for the modern world such as the GTDInbox addin for Firefox or OmniFocus for the Mac.
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GTD Is Good!
grail@... 12th Jan 2009
GTD isn't just about getting things done. Dave Allen
challenges you (the reader) to think about what your purpose
is, what your goals are.

As for tools, there is also OmniFocus for the iPhone which
works in with the GTD workflow.

I'd also recommend "The Seven Habits of Highly Effective
People" by Steven R Covey.
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Absolutely
pardeetr@... 12th Jan 2009
People are not computers, and yet they are similar. Neither
one multi-tasks very well.

Giving a task your full attention for a period of time, and
then moving to the next task, is a much more productive
strategy than trying to work several things at once.

Take breaks, and don't depend on technology to solve all
your problems. You will only fix things where you devote
time and attention. Nothing will fix itself.
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It depends on what the intent is
mrissman1@... Updated - 12th Jan 2009
Doesn't it really depend on what long-term result you want? If answering e-mails, talking with co-workers, etc.. get you to your ultimate destination, I say go for it (I feel sorry for you, but to each his own). But if you have established a long-term destination (highly recommended), you must avoid distractions in order to arrive their in a reasonable amount of time. If every day is spent working toward this long-term destination, you will be surprised at what you get done.

So, first know what your destination looks like and when you'd like to arrive. Then decide on the list of actions that it will take to get you there on time.

I'm a little amazed at how many people mention unproductive efforts at their places of business. I guess if management has allowed people to do actual work for only half the day, then they're getting what they deserve. It's no wonder that some companies are kicking the rear-ends of others.
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I'm a software developer, I work with about 8 separate
clients on three different project. I can control what I
spend my time on using some simple strategies - read
email only three times a day, have the phone diverted to
answering machine, and focus on one task for an hour.

Other tips for managing your environment can be found in
Dave Allen's "Getting Things Done".

The only office environment in which you can't control
interruptions is where you are working on a service desk,
where it is your job to be interrupted to control the flow of
work to the technical specialists.

Even a Personal Assistant can control the interruptions -
answering machines, caller ID, turning off alerts on instant
messaging programs - the PAs job is to filter, not respond.

Focus vs Multitasking is not a dichotomy, it is a
continuum. You can choose at what point you wish to be
on that continuum, with all the evidence pointing to a
direct correlation between focus and productivity.

Dave Allen, "Getting Things Done". Go read it.
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RE: Focusing attention is the new work ethic
jjgrand_idea@... 12th Jan 2009
How do you avoid the distractions? What do you do if it is the culture of the company to multi-task and at the same time meet many deadlines?
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THX1138, Report
hiraghm@... 12th Jan 2009
There's a scene in "The Prisoner" where Number Six reiterates that he is not a number. He is a person. More precisely, he is an individual.

"A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyze a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly. Specialization is for insects."

-Robert A. Heinlein

While I'm sure some mind-numbed drones, or perhaps the mentally feeble may perform better in a dull, un-stimulated environment, some of us thrive by multitasking.

It is also an irrelevant study. The minutes of my life are mine. Mine to use or sell as I choose. I do not belong to a company; I perform work in exchange for pay. In the words of The Prisoner: I am a free man.
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RE: Focusing attention is the new work ethic
DaveB in Atlanta 16th Jan 2009
Agreed...but. This opinion should be moderated by the person's job function. If your job is to do "transaction processing" as say, a customer service rep, interrupt driven may be the best way. If you are a developer, deep concentration is the better way.

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