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Hardware 2.0

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes

iPad's A4 processor uncovered

By | April 6, 2010, 5:03am PDT

Summary: The good folks at iFixit have partnered up with the reverse-engineering gurus at Chipworks to give us an inside view of Apple’s A4 processors as used in the iPad.

Special Report: Apple iPad

The good folks at iFixithave partnered up with the reverse-engineering gurus at Chipworks to give us an inside view of Apple’s A4 processors as used in the iPad.

We now get to see Apple’s A4 CPU, X-rayed and uncovered.

Image courtesy of iFixit/Chipworks

There are some interesting highlights uncovered from this investigation:

  • The A4 package is composed of three layers: two layers of RAM (Samsung K4X1G323PE), and one layer containing the actual microprocessor.
  • This Package-on-Package construction allows Apple to source the RAM from any manufacturer they want. While Apple is sourcing the RAM from Samsung now, this could be changed.
  • The A4 processor is a single-core CPU, making it either an ARM Cortex A8 or a single-core variant of the A9. Most likely, it’s an A8.

Image courtesy of iFixit/Chipworks

  • The two RAM layers each offer 128MB of memory, for a total of 256MB.
  • The A4 is quite similar to the Samsung processor Apple uses in the iPhone. The primary focus of this design was minimizing power consumption and cost rather then developing a revolutionary new CPU.
  • There are no markings on the CPU die, except on the Samsung DRAM.

Image courtesy of iFixit/Chipworks

  • Software benchmarks indicate that the A4 has the same PowerVR SGX 535 GPU as is present on the iPhone 3GS, but iFixit/Chipworks couldn’t verify this via hardware analysis. However, if the iPad’s graphics is powered by this GPU, graphics performance on the iPad is fairly poor relative to the screen size.
  • Other manufacturer’s who supplied parts for the iPad include:
    - Linear Technologies
    - Intersil
    - ST Micro
    - NXP
    - Cirrus Logic
    - Texas Instruments
    - Broadcom

Great work iFixit!

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Adrian Kingsley-Hughes is an internationally published technology author who has devoted over a decade to helping users get the most from technology.

Disclosure

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes

All opinions expressed on Hardware 2.0 are those of Adrian Kingsley-Hughes. Every effort is made to ensure that the information posted is accurate. If you have any comments, queries or corrections, please contact Adrian via the email link here. Any possible conflicts of interest will be posted below. [Updated: February 23, 2010] - Adrian Kingsley-Hughes has no business relationships, affiliations, investments, or other actual/potential conflicts of interest relating to the content posted so far on this blog.

Biography

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes is an internationally published technology author who has devoted over a decade to helping users get the most from technology -- whether that be by learning to program, building a PC from a pile of parts, or helping them get the most from their new MP3 player or digital camera.

Adrian has authored/co-authored technical books on a variety of topics, ranging from programming to building and maintaining PCs. His most recent books include "Build the Ultimate Custom PC", "Beginning Programming" and "The PC Doctor's Fix It Yourself Guide". He has also written training manuals that have been used by a number of Fortune 500 companies.

Adrian also runs a popular blog under the name The PC Doctor, where he covers a range of computer-related topics -- from security to repairing and upgrading.

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Windows isn't a full OS, then. And neither are Ubuntu or OSX.
AzuMao 14th Apr 2010
Windows won't run ZFS.
Ubuntu won't run ZFS.
OSX won't run ZFS.


Yet it is open source, free, stable, and used heavily in enterprise settings.
0 Votes
+ -
Normal Human Beings
Dietrich T. Schmitz, Linux Advocate Updated - 6th Apr 2010
All right. Let's move along.

Time to break out the HP Slate for a compare and contrast.

It will put the iPad to shame.

The Apple reality distortion field has no hold on me and not even Normal Human Beings (NHB, myself not included) like it:

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/04/06/normal_human_being_uses_the_ipad/
0 Votes
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HP Slate
jragosta 7th Apr 2010
The HP slate is a great example of what's wrong with the rest of the
industry. They believe that simply adding more features makes it a
better device - without considering the tradeoffs or how it will be
used.

In reality, HP slate starts at $549, iPad at $499 (Apple's price is lower
for a change).

HP Slate has a faster processor (1.6 GHz Atom vs. 1.0 GHz ARM), but
that's extremely misleading. iPhone OS is specifically designed to
eliminate unnecessary functions and is reportedly extremely fast on
the iPad. Windows Premium is going to run like a dog on 1 GB of RAM
with an Atom processor - particularly when you add the needed AV
software.

iPad is larger screen, better quality.

iPad has twice the battery life

iPad has faster networking.

iPad is lighter.

iPhone OS is optimized for multitouch. WIndows Home Premium is
going to be very clunky with touch.

The HP slate has more geek features - full Windows, more ports, etc.
But who cares? Anyone who needs all those ports and a full version of
Windows is not well served by EITHER of these devices.

If you simply need content consumption, the iPad is vastly superior -
for all of the above reasons. If you are into using your slate as a full
blown computer, you really need a full blown computer.

I can see only a tiny number of situations where the Slate wins out.
0 Votes
+ -
Hmmm.
Bozzer 14th Apr 2010
Lets see.

One is full computer which YOU have control over the other is a toy which JOBS has control over.

That alone outweighs your opinion and anything you say after this. But if you like playing with toys far be it from me to tell you off.
0 Votes
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Let's see...
cosuna Updated - 7th Apr 2010
HP Slate:

+ $549 (aprox)
+ Atom Z530 processor. Optimized for embedded applications and in-order instruction execution.
+ Intel UMA graphic chip, with just 1080p optimization, but not real GPU.
+ Windows 7. An advanced OS with extensive use of .NET JIT Technology which, as any JIT, outputs non optimized out of order instructions. Also depends on a modern GPU, main reason most netbooks only have Windows 7 Starter. Interface is legacy keyboard and mouse system with a minimal API (Windows Touch) which appears to have a considerable lag maybe due to driver to API translation.

Apple iPad:

+ $499
+ A4. Part Cortex 8. Part PowerVR, SoC, with side by side RAM plane optimized for low power. No problem with instruction set or ordering.
+ GPU is part of SoC.
+ iPhone OS. Complete rewrite of Mac OS X system, optimized for small applications. All applications are cross compiled and optimized for the A4. Almost zero footprint for kernel and services. Almost instant touch response.

So in conclusion. The HP Slate is HP/Microsoft first attempt at emulating the iPhone (they had no idea what the iPad looked like), while the iPad is the logical heir to the iPhone/iPod touch legacy.

It's a no brainer. Maybe the Windows Phone 7 Series Slate Edition based on Silverlight (long horrendous Microsoft like name) might get any dent on the iPad. The problem's that that's coming until 2012, at the least. LOL!!!
0 Votes
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Hmmm.
Bozzer 14th Apr 2010
Lets see.

iPad - Toy computer

HP/Slate - Real computer

If you like toys, then the iPad is for you. If you want a "proper" computer without being told what you can and cannot run on it without the say so from Steve Jobs then who am I to ruin your fun.
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RE: Intel get off your butt
amasys 6th Apr 2010
Anytime now! It appears that Apple has committed the cardinal sin - put your best foot forward. They didn't with a comprimised grapics/cpu processor. So Intel give us what we what - dual core, 1024 graphics, 1 gig of cache...
Tell my good companies cheap out? It has to be the damn bean counters...
0 Votes
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So its no big deal
jscott418 6th Apr 2010
I think the reason people think its so fast is just Apple
playing a fast one. For one thing the iPad is not running a
full OS only the iPhone's OS. For another its only really
running iPhone applications tweaked for a bigger screen.
Hardly anything new there. I find it remarkable how gullible
people are when it comes to Apple. The iPad is certainly nice
looking but as for the insides which really count. Its just not
that magical.
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not for you maybe
dave0420 6th Apr 2010
instead of trying to slam something that sells why not accept that what you need or want may not be the same as what someone else needs or wants.Apple tends to make products that just work very well for their intended use.If it fits the bill for what you need it will be trouble free -if you want something that does everything -but not one thing well ,then go for a microcrap based product.I think it is funny that the people who always want to slam apple will put so much energy into doing it.Why do you really care what other people want.Maybe you have wayyyyy too much time on your hands -or maybe it is just penis envy.BTW don't come near the urinal while I am there or your life will never be the same wink
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Blows Away Snapdragon
Stuka 6th Apr 2010
And the Snapdragon was running Android, also not a full OS.

Go look at AnandTech's benchmarks.
0 Votes
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You have to consider the different OSes between what was benchmarked on the A4/Snapdragon. If you could put Android on an A4, you'd probably see identical results as the Snapdragon. Why? Very simply, Android is a more complex OS. It also multitasks which slows the OS increadibly.

Lesson: Multitasking sucks for small devices. Always has, always will.
0 Votes
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@Narg
Axsimulate Updated - 6th Apr 2010
Here we go again. Same old, same old. The iPhone and iPad multitasks, it's just limited to Apple apps. Both use OS X kernel which is fully preemptive multitasking, multiprocessing capable.
0 Votes
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I love multi-tasking on my BB curve
DevGuy_z 13th Apr 2010
I can switch between running apps. Start an
internet download, make a call. Listen to music
while taking pictures or reading a document.

The Bold 9700 has a 3 core processor. Nice!
0 Votes
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Multitasking
Darkninja962@... 6th Apr 2010
I guess processor power seems a whole lot better
when you're only running 1 thread at a time.
0 Votes
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When you say not a Full OS
richpm@... 6th Apr 2010
are you refering to the iPad's OS inability to drain the battry fast enough?

To be a real OS does it need to take at least 2 minutes to boot instead of a second or two?
0 Votes
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Great comments Rich
Info-Dave 10th Apr 2010
Don't forget performance. The iPad feels fast. The HP Slate will definitely not feel fast if it's running the Atom Z series. My guess is that it won't feel fast with the N series either. A real OS runs slow because of all the cool stuff running underneath.
0 Votes
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He means not a full OS.
Bozzer 14th Apr 2010
And your glib answers do nothing but demonstrate a lack of inteligence on your part.

Here is one for you;

To be a real OS you have the ability to run applications from ANY third party without the express permission of the OS creator.

Good enough for you?
Windows won't run ZFS.
Ubuntu won't run ZFS.
OSX won't run ZFS.


Yet it is open source, free, stable, and used heavily in enterprise settings.
0 Votes
+ -
Please define "full OS".
AzuMao 6th Apr 2010
efficient, inexpensive, less heat, and, still VERY powerful. These are all characteristics that the HP Slate will not have. Not to mention the bloated OS it will have that is not appropriate for this form factor.
0 Votes
+ -
Get a slate
xtream101 6th Apr 2010
Better resolution,1 gig of ram and better peripherals. I-pad is just an under powered I-phone from 2007.
0 Votes
+ -
@xtream101
Axsimulate 6th Apr 2010
Wow, that's a bold statement considering a slate don't exist outside a R&D lab.
0 Votes
+ -
AnandTech's benchmarks benchmarks shows the iPad almost twice as fast as the iPhone 3Gs.
0 Votes
+ -
Oh Well!!! nt
windozefreak 6th Apr 2010
nt
0 Votes
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RE: iPad's A4 processor uncovered
jonathan tucker 6th Apr 2010
under powered , over priced. closed system. Glad I bought
a netbook, instead of this niche/status symbol.

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