Apple 'fires employee' for critical Facebook posting: Were they right to?

By | November 2, 2011, 6:22am PDT

Summary: Apple reportedly fired a retail store employee after they posted negative comments about the company on Facebook. Was Apple right to do so?

A UK employment tribunal reportedly upheld the sacking firing of an Apple retail store employee, who posted negative comments about the stores on the social network Facebook.

A supposed ‘friend’ showed the post to the store manager, who subsequently let the hapless employee go. Despite posting the negative comment as ‘private’, the employee appealed to an employment tribunal after being sacked for “gross misconduct”.

But was Apple in the right, or should it have issued a stern warning? It’s ‘this old chestnut’ once again.


(Source: Flickr, CC)

The Cupertino-based company has a series of serious brands to maintain, and clearly employees put their hearts and souls into maintaining that image. The brand, arguably, is what makes Apple what it is — a global giant for which tens, if not hundreds of millions around the world have utter adoration for.

But the company has strict social media rules to protect its commercial reputation, and forbids the posting of any negative comments on any social media site or social network.

According to the initial report, Apple “made it absolutely plain throughout the induction process that commentary on Apple products, or critical remarks about the brand, were strictly prohibited”.

The UK employment tribunal, according to CNET, upheld the firing because it ruled that posting even a seemingly private comment “does not give privacy protection”, therefore, “Apple successfully argued that it was justified and proportionate to limit this right (of posting) in order to protect its commercial reputation against potentially damaging posts.”

If this is the case, then any communication, whether verbal, written or electronically published, could be seen as ‘not private’, breaking the rules wide open for potential abuse by employers.

Companies can often be left in difficult territory when social media rules are not defined. A recent Cisco study suggests that amongst the Generation Y, two-thirds of college students will ask about social media policies during a job interview, with over half not accepting a job that bans social media in the workplace.

Social media is a tricky one to control. Anybody could copy and paste, and then tag — or not, if one were to be clandestine about it — and repost a comment; something which in itself leads to the spread of viral activity.

Many have been caught out by social media, particularly when it comes down to commenting on their jobs or colleagues. It was only during the summer where the U.S. National Labor Relations Board had to contend with a series of cases where employees were fired over Facebook.

But the rules between the U.S. and the UK are different. Had this case presented itself in ‘the land of the free’, perhaps the outcome would have been different. A settlement earlier this year led to a ruling whereby employees could not be disciplined by their employers over the content they post on Facebook.

For younger people, however, the divide between a ‘personal Facebook’ and a ‘work Facebook’ is yet to be differentiated. Ultimately, company policies need to be put in place to ensure that all employees are not only aware of social media risks, but also the brands they represent inside and outside of the workplace.

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Topics

Zack Whittaker, a criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, Canterbury, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

Disclosure

Zack Whittaker

I worked briefly with Microsoft UK in 2006 but no longer have any connection with the company. Regardless, I remain impartial and unbiased in my views.

I don't hold any stock or shares, investments or industrial secrets in any company, but have signed confidentiality agreements with a number of UK and U.S. organisations, whose names I am not at liberty to disclose.

I was involved with Kent Union, the University of Kent's student union, undertaking voluntary, non-salaried, elected positions between early 2009 and mid-2010.

No other company, body, government department, non-governmental organisation or third sector organisation employs me or pays me a salary in any capacity whatsoever.

As a freelance journalist, whenever expenses are given and taken by a company that is not CBS Interactive, these will be disclosed in each relevant post to ensure transparency.

I currently work with a UK law enforcement unit, but this is an entirely separate position which bears no connection to other work.

(Updated: 23rd October 2011)

Biography

Zack Whittaker

Zack Whittaker, criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, UK, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

After studying criminology at university, though still in his early-20's, he has already had a series unconventional work and voluntary positions. He has worked with researchers studying neurological illnesses like Tourette's syndrome (which he suffers from), has given lectures on the nature of disabilities in the public community, and occasionally ends up speaking on television and radio discussing the events of the day.

He first had academic work published at the age of 22, then still an undergraduate, and has been cited by a wide range of publications: from the Huffington Post, Business Insider, AllThingsDigital, The Atlantic Wire and CBS News.

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RE: Apple 'fires employee' for critical Facebook posting: Were they right to?
jatbains 8th Nov
Apple is a Gestapo regime where you will not tolerate cirticism.
... reasoning for that very clear. There is no mud to raise, not wishy-washy situation. There are all kinds of speech limitation that implied by employers -- customer's privacy, commercial secrets, and, yes, defamation. It is plain as that, and every employee signed voluntary to respect these rules.

And if you break your signed promise, you have to pay for that, since it is dishonourable act.
@DeRSSS It's not very clear, given that this was a private communication, and the ruling suggests that there's really no such thing.
@jgm@... ... 'private' about it, no matter how it was labeled.

Spreading defamation among co-workers is prohibited. So the situation is very clear.
@DeRSSS.

I have no idea what exactly was said in this specific case, but you raise a concerning issue. "Spreading defamation among co-workers is prohibited" ... so you could get fired for gross misconduct if one of your colleagues reports you complaining about the company in the staff room?

That is the implication of what you are saying and, in my experience, there are times when that is the main topic of conversation in the staff room.
david@... the "private" category does not obviously only includes Apple employees, so it is not really comparable to whatever people discuss within the company.
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"Spreading defamation among co-workers is prohibited."

First off, this case had nothing at all to do with defamation of anything. DeRSSS is simply trying to make Apple sound like the poor victim of a cruel libelous campaign. No such campaign existed. Apple is not a victim here.

No one can talk in generalities about what you can and cannot be fired for because with few exceptions, it is up to the individual company to set the policy for what you can and cannot be fired for. So for DeRSSS to authoritatively state anything about the ramifications of spreading defamation among co-workers is nothing more than him showing his extreme ignorance.

This was actually a very simple case with a very simple outcome. Apple believed the employee in question violated an agreement that Apple's legal team had created and that Apple made him sign as a condition of employment. Part of the clause in the contract clearly had to do with making public negative statements and the employee felt that this particular posting was not public. The tribunal disagreed because any recorded statement could be easily copied and retransmitted.

So could you be fired from Apple for complaining about the company in the staff room? It would depend on whether or not the contract Apple made you sign prohibited you from complaining about the company in the staff room.

I would warn Apple employees though that they should be extremely careful about writing any negative emails about Apple, even if you only send it to another Apple employee. Since emails can easily be forwarded out of the company and into the public, and all of us know this, you would get fired for sending that email even if you you believed it was a private email only intended for 1 other person within Apple.

Apple clearly does not tolerate any employee holding negative beliefs about Apple. You've been warned.
  • Flagged
@DeRSSS And so the "Corporate right to breed Corruption or abuse and be protected" is born? ....
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Wow, Thank you!
tkejlboom 2nd Nov
@DeRSSS

You have all made me glad I live in America! I've taken it for granted! Here, except apparently for Apple, we take freedom of speech very seriously. It's in our constitution as a fundamental UNALIENABLE right. The limitations of freedom of speech are defined by LAW for everyone, and they are not to be abridged by the legal department of a COMPANY. Our freedoms are not sundered by SMALL PRINT!

If this is a case of defamation, where the employee was making false claims simply to harm the company, that is one thing. No company should be made to employ someone who actively wishes harm to the company and/or is willing to lie to do so. For a company to restrict truthful criticism is completely unethical.

WRITING the contract is a "dishonourable act".
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@tkejlboom
"It's in our constitution as a fundamental UNALIENABLE right."

Does freedom of speech protect you from other individuals and corporations or does it protect you from the government? I believe it is the latter.

The government cannot throw you in jail for saying bad things about the government but an employer can certainly fire you for saying bad things about the employer and a friend can certainly defriend you for saying bad things about them.

A constitutional lawyer can certainly correct me if I'm wrong but I believe that freedom of speech is there to protect you from the government, not from private individuals and corporations.
  • Flagged
@tkejlboom Freedom of speech is for public matters, this is a private corporation and violates their work agreement / terms of service. You don't have to work there if you disagree with the rules.
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Yes employees ARE protected here in the US.
Tholian_53 Updated - 2nd Nov
@tkejlboom
Despite what @toddybottom says there are laws here in America that protect the rights of employees to say things about their employer in "water cooler" conversations at work and away from work. There have been several cases of companies sacking people for what the have said about the company or their boss on "Face"broke. The sacked employees won and the companies have taken a worse public opinion pounding from having stuck their noses into "private" conversations even though they occurred in cyberspace.
Just another case of Apple Almighty being the "BAD" Apple with government connivance at that.
@tkejlboom

I think your understanding of the Constitution is a bit weak.
@tkejlboom
I don't think this story is complete. Employers in the UK have a much harder time firing an employee than in the US. There are a number of possibilities here:
- the employee was relatively new, and still in the probationary period before the employement protection rules come into effect
- there was a pattern of prior misconduct that had been documented by the company, and this was the last straw
- the offense was seen as so serious (i.e. "gross misconduct") that an instant dismissal was appropriate. Believe me, UK laws set quite a high bar for this one.

Employees in the UK are much safer in their jobs than US workers. But I'm sure you don't want an MBA-style lecture on the law here.
@toddybottom I would believe you are correct.
@tkejlboom What company do you work for? It's not rocket science. You *do* have the freedom to say what you want. Your company *does* have the freedom to let you go. Works both ways. I've always tried to stick by a rule of thumb that says, "Don't sh*t where you eat."
@tkejlboom,

Sadly you don't understand your first amendment rights. As Toddybottom stated the first amendment (actually the first 10 amendments) limits what the Government can do to you. A corporation is not the government.

Interesting side point, military personal are prohibited by law from criticizing the commander-in-chief, and several officers have been relieved of duty because they did just that in a public fashion. So really the federal government has the same policy as Apple.

(For Instance)
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/37866754/ns/us_news-military/t/obama-relieves-mcchrystal-command/#.TrG2_t4r2nA

"Obama said bluntly that Gen. Stanley McChrystal's scornful remarks about administration officials represent conduct that "undermines the civilian control of the military that is at the core of our democratic system.""
@tkejlboom The problem is that here in America there is a disconnect between "Rights" and "Responsibilities". Just because I have the "Right" to say something ridiculous about @tkejlboom does not mean that saying it is a "responsible" thing to do.

As an employer, I seek at all times to uphold the identity and image of my business. If I have acted in a way that causes distress to an employee, then that employee certainly has the right to discuss it in private with me, but does NOT have the right to denigrate the company in public because that could in theory lead to the loss of employment not only for that employee, but for all the others as well.

In the UK, Freedom of Speech is limited essentially to Freedom of Truthful Speech. This would be a huge improvement if the USA was the same.

And of course a recent Facebook posting bears repeating: "I'll believe a corporation is a person with a right to Freedom of Speech, just as soon as Texas executes one"!
@tkejlboom ... You need to read up on what "freedom of speech" is about and who it applies to. It does not cover YOUR freedom of speech unless it's the government limiting it. Too many people are ignorant of what these things really mean and spout them ignorantly.
@tkejlboom This happened in the UK, not the US, so the freedom of speech does not apply. Different country, different rules.
@DeRSSS

So....if Apple decided to demand its employees turn over their first born child to the company it would be 'dishonorable' to fail to fulfill it?

You cannot justify an immoral policy by saying that someone agreed to be bound by it, and the question here is 'is Apple's policy here immoral?' and I think the clear answer is 'yes'.

What is really 'dishonorable' is Apple making this demand of its employees in the first place.
@Doctor Demento

DeRSSS is full of DeRP. Anyone who starts a simple sentence in the subject line................ and finishes it in the body of the message can't be all there.
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Given Apple's Market Cap
William Farrell 2nd Nov
they where within their right to fire the guy
@William Farrell - Yeah! Apple's all big and rich, which makes them right. A smaller company or sole proprietorship had better better not do anything like this, though. Right.......
@robin@...
Try it at McDonalds. Same results. Get a life and get real !
@robin@...

Perhaps William should have included {/sarcasm} in his post to make it CLEAR that he was being sarcastic?
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What?
John L. Ries Updated - 2nd Nov
@William Farrell
If Apple had been struggling financially, they would not have been?

I think employees do have a duty to refrain from defaming their employers, regardless of how prosperous the employer is or isn't.

Whistleblowing is a different matter entirely and should be done privately.

Reply to tkejlboom:

I disagree. In the vast majority of cases, it is not necessary to publicly point out wrongdoing within an organization; the proper authorities can be (and often are) notified privately. When it is necessary for an insider to expose wrongdoing publicly, I think he should resign first and then go public.

Reply to ItsTheBottomLine:

Were you disagreeing with me, or someone else?
@John L. Ries

Thank god for the USA.

A. Defamation in this country requires that the statements be FALSE.

B. Whisteblowing should NEVER be done privately. That's why it's called Whistleblowing! It's a legal protection for people who take risks to PUBLICLY EXPOSE corruption!
@tkejlboom The issue is he signed a contract which has specific (assumed from the article) about conversation against the employer in the public forum. He was fired for breaking that contract...period. You can spout - inaccurately apparently - the constitutional right but bottom line is that's for the Gov't not a private company. My company (US) has similar rules and believe me I would be out on my bottom for breaking them....and should be! That just shows a lack of common sense.
@tkejlboom

. Defamation in this country requires that the statements be FALSE.

True, in writing, but the burden of proof on the defamed party is only that they have to prove a statement to be public and to be defamatory - they don't have to prove that it is false. The burden of proof is on the defamer to prove that a defamatory statement is true, and it's not good enough that the defamer "thought" the statement was truthful. Remember, this isn't criminal law we're talking about - burden of proof works differently where torts are concerned.
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Without knowing...
wright_is 2nd Nov
what exactly was said, you cannot say whether Apple over reacted - it sounds harsh, but maybe the comment was that bad? :-S

BUT... Never put anything on the Internet that you would mind everybody, including your partner, employer or family seeing. Stick to that rule and you should be safe.
@wright_is: Nothing to do with cases when employees uncovered any unlawful human relations policy of employer or whatever wrongdoing. In that kind of cases, workers get reinstalled in their job positions.
@oncall
Exactly !!!!!
Somehow the children on this site lack common sense, raised in the technology generation must have something to do with it. Artificial intelligence is a long way from suggesting the person behind the keyboard might just hurt himself.
@partman1969@... LOL - nicely said "...the children..." and you can guess and pick out which ones they are.
If something is posted as private, it should remain private. Don't understand the logic at all. There are so many confidential information floating around the world electronically. Based on the above reasoning, if some employee is badmouthing apple while he/she having sex... then they can still get fired.
@owlnet One must not forget that Facebook and "private" are not related.
@da philster

It was private in that the individual was not speaking as a representative for Apple. He was speaking as a private citizen. Short of exposing trade secrets, he should be free to say whatever he likes about his employer. If it came down to the potential size of the forum, then this "tribunal" should be dismissed for committing a gross miscarriage of justice and generally being unconscionably stupid. I could record your "private" statement in a bar and put it on line just as easily as I could copy and paste a typed statement.
@da philster I will add to that, anything on the internet, and posted and deemed "private" is not related.
@tkejlboom You are obviously very young. I work in the alcohol industry, and while I'm out I represent my company by my actions and my comments. Because of this if I act like I'm still young and stupid like I was in college or shortly after that, then I'm potentially damaging the reputation of my company. This would go a Social Media representation as well.... If I don't like it then I can leave, however, I know the responsibility I have on my person and how I represent the company in a public forum. Period. It's pretty simple the employee broke the rule/contract - bada-bing bada-boom - your gone. Don't like the rules you are NOT BEING FORCED to work for this company - leave.
@da philster Then let's put that to the test... my real name is on here - excluding the "athynz" part. My facebook settings are set to private. Your mission - should you chose to accept it - is to go on facebook and repost my latest status update here. If you can do that then I'll accept what you have to say as far as facebook and privacy but until then I completely disagree with you.
@owlnet Exactly. Poor technology implementation aside, this is a step along a slippery slope. IF 'Private' doesn't mean what we expect, than freedom of speech is gone. If it were a public post, I'd agree Apple was in the right. But a 'Private' post is a conversation with friends and shouldn't be subject to this kind of invasion. Apple certainly doesn???t get to tap our home phone lines. Facebook is the equivalent for the younger generations.
@Skippy99 Don't agree because the socalled private comment could also be passed on in private to someother and it just goes on. It is unconscionable to keep receiving salary from an employer and saying cruel things about the employer - reputation is arguably the most important asset even thoug intangible. Free speech would be to resign first and air your negetive views.
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Dude
oncall 2nd Nov
@Skippy99
"than freedom of speech is gone"

You were never free to abuse your employer in a public or private forum and expect no repercussions, period. I'm sorry, but you folks are entirely mistaken if you really believe anti-discrimination and privacy laws provide anything more than a limited shield against flagrant employer abuses. There is NO privacy on the web, what you post is forever, and privacy laws are subject to interpretation and change at political whim. What you post might be "protected" now but 10 years from now when you are being passed up again and again for that big promotion you will realize the truth. Or maybe you decide to run for political office one day and have to explain EVERY SINGLE THING you posted or liked on Facebook. Don't think these things "won't happen to me" because "I marked it private". As someone said the only privacy you are entitled to is the "thoughts in your head and maybe not even that one day".
@ckharry

Exactly, reputations are important. If they're maintained by intimidation and de facto gag orders imposed by corporate attorneys, then those reputations are LIES. It is FRAUD. The only factor should be if the employee's statements rose to the level of defamation, and if in the UK defamation is saying anything bad at all, then I'm glad I don't live there. Frankly, however, this is a country which homed the "News of the World", one of the most abysmal tabloids on the planet. Either there is more to this story, or the UK has a double standard when the "defamed" party is a well endowed corporation.
@ckharry - you are correct.
@Skippy99 &@tkejlboom Let's try a different approach. You are out on your time in a bar and you have a little more than your fill. "You were over served"... and you start hitting on a member of the opposite sex that just so happens to work in the same company as you and you know each other. But again both adults and you are outside of company time and functions. The person doesn't like you but you have had a crush on them and have a little liquid courage in you..and you talk like a big stud/studette Monday comes around and HR calls you in and you are being charged with Sexual Harassment - guess want. You JUST got fired because of your actions outside of work...and it would stick. This is NO different you represent the company that you work for like it or not, and bashing them and taking a paycheck is a massive conflict of interest... common sense kind of tells you that.
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"Private"?
spdragoo@... 2nd Nov
@owlnet

As pointed out in the article, once you've posted a comment that even *one* Facebook "friend" can read, that's it. You've lost control over the "privacy" of the comment, because (just as with verbal & hardcopy "gossip") the person you told it to can choose to spread it around.
@owlnet
You are the kind of individual which makes Mark Zuckerberg
laugh hysterically. What about online makes you think anything is private ? If you want privacy keep it in a journal (a diary) and then lock it in a safe.
@partman1969@... LOL! and after putting it in the safe, swallow that key or the paper you wrote the combination on... and don't use the proper dunnie... Use a burner!
Apple is a Gestapo regime where you will not tolerate cirticism.

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