Black Hat: 'Macs in the enterprise; steer clear'

By | August 8, 2011, 8:36am PDT

Summary: Macs are more vulnerable to a specific flaw than Windows machines, and “enterprise customers should steer clear”, according to one security firm.

Catch 5: As per the previous article, Mac OS X in the corporate or academic environment could leave organisations open to state-sponsored attacks.

Security researchers at the Black Hat conference are cautioning enterprise clients away from adopting Mac OS X machines on large, secure networks.

While Lion may be Apple’s most secure operating system to date, researchers from iSec Partners warn that Macs en masse are more vulnerable than Windows to advanced persistent threats (APTs) — often the weapon of choice for state-sponsored hackers.

(Image via Flickr)

As per The Register’s report, iSec bases this on the assumption that a small percentage of users in any business, organisation or government department could be duped into installing malware — regardless of the operating system they use.

Macs running Apple’s flagship operating system, however, are more vulnerable due to Mac OS X Server that port updates to its machines. Authentication used by the server is “inherently insecure”, making the infection rate far more likely.

While Mac OS X Server uses Kerberos authentication, it uses a backup authentication method — which is easy to override. While Macs alone are good at defending themselves, “once you install OS X Server you’re toast”.

Remember Google and China?

Two years ago, while Windows machines were taken over by an exploitation unpatched at the time, in a massive hacking attack with an alleged China to be behind it, Macs may not have been a better defence.

The proof of concept run was able to collect and copy all the authentication credentials, which then contacts other Macs on the network pretending to be the stolen administrator account, to further collect valuable corporate or governmental data.

Now, granted this could be used against governments and major technology organisations, defence contractors and specialists working in their field.

But universities encompass all of the above — with academics working with government on policy, defence issues and sensitive matters of state.

Having said that, even I doubt a state-sponsored hacker would attack a mere university. Nevertheless, it is entirely possible.

Mac users are generally well insulated against malware and hacking attacks. Whether the platform of the Black Hat conference has merely highlighted this as simply an issue, or whether this will cause mass controversy with burning cars and hackers burnt at the stake — I highly doubt.

But it is something universities need to be aware of — just as government departments and major organisations should take into great consideration.

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Topics

Zack Whittaker, a criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, Canterbury, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

Disclosure

Zack Whittaker

I worked briefly with Microsoft UK in 2006 but no longer have any connection with the company. Regardless, I remain impartial and unbiased in my views.

I don't hold any stock or shares, investments or industrial secrets in any company, but have signed confidentiality agreements with a number of UK and U.S. organisations, whose names I am not at liberty to disclose.

I was involved with Kent Union, the University of Kent's student union, undertaking voluntary, non-salaried, elected positions between early 2009 and mid-2010.

No other company, body, government department, non-governmental organisation or third sector organisation employs me or pays me a salary in any capacity whatsoever.

As a freelance journalist, whenever expenses are given and taken by a company that is not CBS Interactive, these will be disclosed in each relevant post to ensure transparency.

I currently work with a UK law enforcement unit, but this is an entirely separate position which bears no connection to other work.

(Updated: 23rd October 2011)

Biography

Zack Whittaker

Zack Whittaker, criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, UK, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

After studying criminology at university, though still in his early-20's, he has already had a series unconventional work and voluntary positions. He has worked with researchers studying neurological illnesses like Tourette's syndrome (which he suffers from), has given lectures on the nature of disabilities in the public community, and occasionally ends up speaking on television and radio discussing the events of the day.

He first had academic work published at the age of 22, then still an undergraduate, and has been cited by a wide range of publications: from the Huffington Post, Business Insider, AllThingsDigital, The Atlantic Wire and CBS News.

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RE: Black Hat: 'Macs in the enterprise; steer clear'
Nate_K 9th Aug
@William Farrell
That's not entirely true. I can crack a Mac in less than 3 minutes with no software or tools if I can touch the keyboard.
Cue for Apple fanboy nerdrage!

I find this quite lulzy and accurate.
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Total BS - it's all a lie, nothing more
William Farrell 8th Aug
@Tommy S.
these hackers are trying to scare people away from Macs in the enterprise because they'd be out of business since you can't hack them!

But if they can scare users into sticking with Windows they'll have all the corporate info they'll ever want.

This is just teh black hat community running scared! happy
@William Farrell

Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ....

Thanks for the laughter, you made my day!

Good one!
@William Farrell Thanks for proving my point! grin
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@William Farrell
LOL
@William Farrell
hahahaha
@William Farrell LOL! What are you smoking you deluded idiot. OS X and Safari are easier to hack than Windows and IE. This has been proven time and time again at hacking conventions like Pwn2Own. In fact, Apple's own security guru and hacking expert Charlie Miller has flat out stated on numerous occasions, that Windows is much more secure than OS X.

The reason OS X hasn't dealt with much malware, is simply because it's market share is so small, that malware creators don't even bother.
@William Farrell:

Wow! Nice going. You appear to have struck a serious nerve and every two-bit script kiddie is coming out of the woodwork to mock you and shout you down. People don't like to hear the truth.
@William Farrell
That's not entirely true. I can crack a Mac in less than 3 minutes with no software or tools if I can touch the keyboard.
oooops they did it again happy
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RE: Black Hat: 'Macs in the enterprise; steer clear'
LoverockDavidson Updated - 8th Aug
Impossible, I was told that Macs just work, and to get a Mac and be done with it, and even the commercials mislead me to believe that these things just don't happen with a Mac.
"Having said that, even I doubt a state-sponsored hacker would attack a mere university."

Why? Universities seem like an obvious target for state sponsored hacking for all of the reasons you listed and more.

I wouldn't be surprised to find out that it's already happened.
@Rich Miles
Same here.
Looks like a good spot for a test run at the least...
plain
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Contributr
@Rich Miles Sarcasm clearly doesn't show up in my posts. I was missing the #sarcasm tag. happy
@Rich Miles
Apparently Zack's isn't really aware that a LOT of U.S. university personnel, particularly in physics, engineering, materials sciences, and Middle Eastern Studies departments are involved in sensitive government-related work. (The latter may be acting as advisors to government agencies and have access to politically sensitive inormation.) Due to the "spread the wealth" nature of university research funding, although the main grant recipient most likely will be with a well-known institution such as Harvard, they routinely have professors at lesser-known institutions as co-researchers.
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Clearly he's not aware of it
LiquidLearner 8th Aug
@Rick_R

Since he stated it in the blog... Sarcasm is difficult to pick up in written form but it was definitely there. Although I don't see this as a victory for Windows either, just something that people should be aware of. Don't assume anything is safe as far as I'm concerned.
@LiquidLearner Windows is somewhat Battle Hardened, Microsoft Learned a Lot of Hard Lessons!

Is this a victory for them? Yes, a small one but a victory nonetheless.
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Filed under ...
jaypeg 8th Aug
Filed under, "Blah, blah, Mac" or "Blah, blah, Apple".

Blogger needs hits, writes a "Blah, blah, Mac" story.

End of story.
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Message has been deleted.
jacjar1 Updated - 9th Aug
@jaypeg Okay, I have a new Macbook Air and umm, so does Zack so if you're taking his post as a shot at Apple you would be wrong because he likes his Air...

As for me, I like the Air and Lion but I am not naive enough to think this is just more propaganda.
uhhh.. its only talking about Mac OS X Server... why run a Mac server anyways?
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That stated Lion is now the mose secure OS in it's category.
@People There is a special category for OSes designed specifically for gay graphic designers?
Well Blackhat earned their payment from Microsoft today
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I'm sure they did
LiquidLearner 8th Aug
@edomejn

Although more likely from developers showing Microsoft weaknesses in its own code so they can fix them. Microsoft pays attention to these things for that very reason. Apple likes to pretend something like this is impossible and your denial is clearly showing that to be the case.

Until user interaction is removed from the equation no OS is secure, which means no OS will ever be 100% secure.
I'm sure Apple will fix the problem with the OS X Server. OS X Lion is very secure from what I hear...
..otherwise we can get many 'experts', bloggers, and our dedicated sheep to testify and regurgitate that macs are dangerous.
And, security firms don't make money Apple, but from Microsoft they do. Funny how this report comes soon after articles that macs are gaining enterprise adoption.
Its a pity that enterprise markets have ignored Black Hat's warning regarding OS X based machines for the past ten years. (Yea, I know, Black Hat just made this remark but they could have said the same thing ten years ago.)

And guess what? I haven't heard about the world of IT crashing and burning due to a serious security breach caused by OS X vulnerabilities in the enterprise zone during this past decade.

Really .. talk about FUD!
I'd be more worried about employing a sysadmin that uses their servers for web browsing, then randomly installing software on it.
So are OS X clients safer from this kind of attack?

Anyways, hopefully Apple will fix this.

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