Fanboy science: How 'brand identity' impacts self-esteem

By | August 18, 2011, 10:19am PDT

Summary: University psychologists believe ‘fanboy’ behaviour stems from perceptions of self-image and esteem levels.

Researchers at the University of Illinois suggests that users of products and services, are more likely to defend a particular brand due to insecurities over one’s self image.

The research points to those who experience brand failure more, are likely to internalise it — reflecting it upon one’s inability to pick a strong allegiance.


(Image via Flickr)

To be published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology in the coming weeks, the research analyses the relationship between brands and consumers, concluding that those who have more personal experience with a particular brand are most likely to be impacted by reflective failure.

Self-brand connections, the measure of those who follow certain brands, either through buying or researching, reflect back on the individual. Those who have high self-brand connections — and those who follow a particular brand until the ends of the earth — find that their self-esteem suffers when brands fail or struggle.

According to the research, those with high self-brand connections tend to ignore or discount negative views about their brands — all in favour of maintaining their own self-esteem.

It seems that at long last, we can now see why Apple fans and Microsoft enthusiasts, in particular, become stereotypically aggressive, verbal and defensive when a negative opinion or news occurs. The research suggests that the news or views negatively impacts that person’s self-worth and image.

What isn’t clear, however, is how one builds up a high self-brand connection to a particular product, brand or company.

It may explain why ‘fanboys’ — the term to describe a person who defends their purchases or allegiances to near-aggressive tendencies — act in the way that they do, but it does not explain how one gets there.

Any theories?

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Zack Whittaker, a criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, Canterbury, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

Disclosure

Zack Whittaker

I worked briefly with Microsoft UK in 2006 but no longer have any connection with the company. Regardless, I remain impartial and unbiased in my views.

I don't hold any stock or shares, investments or industrial secrets in any company, but have signed confidentiality agreements with a number of UK and U.S. organisations, whose names I am not at liberty to disclose.

I was involved with Kent Union, the University of Kent's student union, undertaking voluntary, non-salaried, elected positions between early 2009 and mid-2010.

No other company, body, government department, non-governmental organisation or third sector organisation employs me or pays me a salary in any capacity whatsoever.

As a freelance journalist, whenever expenses are given and taken by a company that is not CBS Interactive, these will be disclosed in each relevant post to ensure transparency.

I currently work with a UK law enforcement unit, but this is an entirely separate position which bears no connection to other work.

(Updated: 23rd October 2011)

Biography

Zack Whittaker

Zack Whittaker, criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, UK, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

After studying criminology at university, though still in his early-20's, he has already had a series unconventional work and voluntary positions. He has worked with researchers studying neurological illnesses like Tourette's syndrome (which he suffers from), has given lectures on the nature of disabilities in the public community, and occasionally ends up speaking on television and radio discussing the events of the day.

He first had academic work published at the age of 22, then still an undergraduate, and has been cited by a wide range of publications: from the Huffington Post, Business Insider, AllThingsDigital, The Atlantic Wire and CBS News.

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RE: Fanboy science: How 'brand identity' impacts self-esteem
bluebeard66 19th Aug
@PScooter63
>"This theory probably works for politics, too"

And religion!
I love that picture! Working great as a desktop background! happy
This theory probably works for politics, too.
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Contributr
@PScooter63 I imagine it does -- funny, I was thinking that as I was writing it.
@zwhittaker: ... self-esteem driven since they think they belong to a cast of "Do not evil", "free" software ideal, and "all the (hypocritical) fairness of the world" breed. For these ideological reasons, they even capable to bear with lower quality of user experience that Google offers.

Apple's fans -- however strangely this may sound to a cliche-imprinted mind -- are less fanatic/ideological, since they became Apple fans purely because of the smoothness of experience they felt when using Apple's products. When these people saw Apple's consistent effort to make better products in wide array of ways, they became fans.

However, if and when Apple's quality would start to fall apart (not that it is perfect now, of course, but, in general, it is better than average), these people would cease to be fans -- since there is no deeper ideology in this fandom other than quality and smoothness of experience. (Only small group of irrational fanatics would be still fans.)

Google is not afraid of this scenario, since its fans are fans because of things that are ideological. Even if Google's quality will fall apart more and more, these fans will still be fans since they are fans not because of the user experience, but because of "freedom" et cetera reasons.
@DeRSSS: Apple's fans -- however strangely this may sound to a cliche-imprinted mind -- are less fanatic/ideological, since they became Apple fans purely because of the smoothness of experience they felt when using Apple's products. When these people saw Apple's consistent effort to make better products in wide array of ways, they became fans.

...about the results of this study.
@ye: ... fandom. This is pain statement of fact that there is nothing like high-flying ideals about Apple or its products, contrary to Google's fans motivational backing.

So, what this has to do with the results of the study, except for in direct relation to what I said -- meaning Google fans have deeper self-esteem motivations that Apple fans?
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Nice post ye
toddybottom 18th Aug
You owned him with that one.
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Really? Then explain how he
DeRSSS Updated - 18th Aug
@toddybottom: ... childish word play when kids do not know how to counter argument a position that they do not like, so they use trick that "has to" look like it turns tables around. ;))

Google fans have higher flying reasons for the fandom, while Apple fans do not.

What the fact of this statement has to do with results of the study besides what the statement itself directly states?

Even though I made plain statement of fact that Google fans have higher-level motivation, does not mean that these fans are better (nor it means that I am fan of Google). It just means that Google fans have deeper fandom, comparing to Apple fans, so Zachary's omission of Google's fans is blatantly inaccurate.
@PScooter63
>"This theory probably works for politics, too"

And religion!
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How do you know who your Daddy is?
happyharry_z 18th Aug
Because your mama told you so! -- JFK (the movie).

I would suspect brand introduction is a function of your environment. What you are told or what you see every day is what we pay attention to. Marketers want to maximize theur exposure to consumers, and try to quantify it as the number of "impressions" made.
is again a function of the person's self-esteem in the first place.

People with low self-worth are more influenced by others they admire or want to be more like; whether it be their peers or influentials, etc. They are then led to make the purchasing decisions that those they admire do. Making those same purchasing decisions further helps those with low self-esteem bind or connect with those who influenced them. "I got a Macbook just like 'my friend' there did".

Further more, there is a well understood concept in marketing where people, after making a purchasing decision immediately go and find support for that decision among those they are influenced by and by peers as well. For those with low self-esteem they go straight back to those that influenced them. Not surprisingly they also do this because they want to show their strong connection to that person as well. For others, they do this to reinforce that purchase.

For both personas and equally as much, this is a delicate time because negative views on that purchase can cause a great deal of cognitive dissonance, where what one "feels" does not line up with what they "know". Those two have to line up.

For the fan boys and everyone alike this concept of cognitive dissonance is what is at the heart of this study. For those with high self-esteem they are more easily able to take new information and form a new opinion, even if it goes against past decisions. For those with low self-esteem, better known as frequent commenters on these ZDNET boards, cognitive dissonance cannot be dealt with and the information must be shut out at all costs, to the point of personally attacking the other person.

Great article. Thanks.

T
@BFD

And your 'fleshing out' was also a great addition. So ... thanks to you as well.

There is a further aspect to this ... studies have shown that when an individual spends more money for a 'comparable' item, they tend to be more agressive in defending that decision if someone attempts to disparage the decision.
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Contributr
@BFD Great comment -- if I could vote this up, somehow, I would -- thanks! happy
I made a simple post in another blog that didn't blame Apple for anything. 2 Apple fanboys attacked me. Their insecurity was put on display for all to see.
@toddybottom
Yeah, and one time... at PC camp.. an Apple fan blamed me for stuff too .. and then he teased an orphan and kicked a puppy. Everyone there told me that I was right and very cool and that Apple fans are mean and insecure. No really It's true..
Fan = Fanatic. What more can I say =D
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I don't have any evidence to support it, but I suspect that those with the strongest party/ideological allegiances will also be the people most likely to have strong brand loyalties (especially if they're intolerant of opposing political opinions).

The mentality seems to be the same.

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