Linux and Open Source

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols & Paula Rooney

The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM

By | May 27, 2010, 5:42am PDT

Summary: All this talk about Android, about the failures of desktop Linux, matter. Image matters. Fanboys matter. Reputation matters. Google should be taking notes here.

The mass market matters more than the class market.

That’s the lesson of Apple’s overtaking Microsoft in market cap. It’s a lesson Microsoft first proved when it put IBM into its rear-view mirror many years ago.

(To the right, a five-year chart comparing Apple’s stock price with that of Microsoft, from Google Finance. Microsoft’s value is the flat line.)

The class market — complex computer systems used by enterprises — is not only less sexy than the mass market, but less profitable as well. Sales and profits don’t scale they way they do when you can just serve millions-and-millions of copies of something.

This holds important lessons for open source.

All this talk about Android, about the failures of desktop Linux, matter. The Linux market share in servers represents a class market, and it’s a good base, but that’s all it is. The big money comes when people have your stuff in their hands, or under their fingers.

So image matters. Fanboys matter. Reputation matters. Google should be taking notes here.

There’s a second lesson I gathered from a closer analysis of trends with Google Finance. The mass market is fickle, and this will be reflected in the bottom line.

For a few brief moments last summer, IBM was actually competitive on Wall Street with both Apple and Microsoft. Class revenues make good defensive plays. They don’t dry up when the consumer market collapses.

But in a growing environment — and that’s what we always want to be normal — the mass market is where you want to be. It’s where the money is.

This lesson reflects poorly on Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, who has throughout his career been more focused on the enterprise than the masses. He was always Mr. Inside to Bill Gates’ Mr. Outside. He was never about the vision thing.

Well, the vision thing matters, which may be why Microsoft isn’t rushing to disavow rumors Ballmer will appear at Apple’s next big conference. He doesn’t want to end up like IBM, which fell on hard times after Microsoft blew by and, even with its decade-long recovery is still worth barely half what its rivals are.

That’s where this is heading. Microsoft has spent this decade going “up the stack,” battling Linux in the server and enterprise space, where IBM lives. It has made progress, but IBM profits remain solid and Apple has all the momentum.

Maybe Microsoft does indeed need a new strategy.

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Dana Blankenhorn has been a business journalist for 30 years, a tech freelancer since 1983.

Disclosure

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn has been a journalist, writer and part-time futurist for over 30 years.

At the present moment I run only a personal blog in addition to my ZDNet open source blog.

DanaBlankenhorn.Com has the subtitle The War Against Oil. In the past I have used it to write about political history, e-commerce, personal matters, some ideas related to open source, and The World of Always On, which is the idea of using sensors, motes and RFID to turn WiFi links into platforms for applications which live in the air.

My IRA account at Schwab holds a few tech shares, most notably some Intel and Applied Materials, but there are no open source companies in it. I don’t even own any CBS stock.

Biography

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn has been a business journalist for nearly 25 years and has covered the online world professionally since 1985. He founded the Interactive Age Daily for CMP Media, and has written for the Chicago Tribune, Advertising Age's "NetMarketing" supplement, and dozens of other publications over the years.

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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
arabaoyunlari@... 11th Aug
@dave95. That is really a big question. Google's servers are the heart of Google's business. And it has long been a FEATURE, a FEATURE, not a LOOPHOLE, that one could privately modify the GPL code they use to run their business. Of course web applications are obviously SaaS. But where does one draw the line between those applications and the servers that host them? For example, take an insurance company running open source on their back end servers. At some point they decide to put a customer facing front end on those servers so that customers can access their accounts over the Net. Does that suddenly make that whole kaboodle Saas? If so, I am not sure I am comfortable with AGPL. In fact, I am not sure I am comfortable with this concept anyway since it undercuts one of the few provisions that make GPL software highly attractive to businesses that are not engaged in reselling the software itself. It really compromises the spirit of the GPL in some ways
Joe, look out.

Oh, wait . . . with Android, they already did that for one form factor.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
dave95. Updated - 27th May 2010
@DonnieBoy

Not sure they've accomplished anything yet with regard to the average Joe. The average Joe may have heard about Android somewhere the same way they may have heard about Linux over the years. Just like Linux, the difficult part will be figuring out which flavor of Android is best for them. Is it HTC Sense? TouchFlo? MotoBlur? vanilla Android? Nexus One? Droid?.... sounds Just like the many different Linux flavors and distros already (confusion), not sure the average Joe was interested.
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Using the same applications regardless of the "flavour", ability to make their device "theirs" with personalization. Those are things that the average Joe cares about.

Android offers that.

Would you think that the car buyers are confused about all the different styles? What about clothes? are uniforms the new rage and I just missed it?

The issue on the desktop is that the regular non technical person sees it as a utility, not something personal. But phones? Go ahead, talk to them and check how personal they think phones are.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
dave95. Updated - 27th May 2010
@rarsa

Using the same Apps regardless of flavor is not quite accurate with Android. With Android the average Joe payed-for Apps may not be supported with his/her next phone purchase. With the plethora of different OS's and skins, and hardware, and screen size, and resolutions for developers to support. It's a big concern. Average Joe iPhone users are not having such problems. And sure Android is more customizable but there should be more option in iPhone v.4.

Android is a nice alternative to the iPhone, but it's not there yet for the average consumer I don't think (Maybe Froyo will speed its maturity). I see gen consumers of all ages/demographics carrying iPhones, and same with BlackBerry. I've yet to see this with Android phones.
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t has been widely reported that Apple is waiting to unveil the iPhone 5 (if that is what it will be called) this fall. Now rumors about when production will actually start are about it is bank that website attacked from the site support from any soldier site to the light home page is great underway.
According to AppleInsider based on a report by Morgan Stanley
analyst Katy Huberty after a trip to Taiwan, Apple will commence
production on the next version of the iPhone this August so that the
device can be released ahead of the end of the third quarter.
So that puts the launch timeline squarely on September, which is
what everyone has been assuming all along anyway since we didn?t
see a peep about it at WWDC 2011 earlier this month.
Huberty also reinforced the reports that we could see two iPhones
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released simultaneously (should Apple try to go for the low-end of the ATV from youth to kill somebody that you career from any company website is the best buy if you day.
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Huberty also reinforced the reports that we could see two iPhones released simultaneously (should Apple try to go for the low-end of the smartphone market) as well as a new Apple TV given how popular the second generation of the set-top box has turned out to be. The idea about two iPhones at once still seems too out-of-the-ordinary for Apple, but a new Apple TV (as well as some new iPods) would be in line with Apples usual September announcements.

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@dave95. That is really a big question. Google's servers are the heart of Google's business. And it has long been a FEATURE, a FEATURE, not a LOOPHOLE, that one could privately modify the GPL code they use to run their business. Of course web applications are obviously SaaS. But where does one draw the line between those applications and the servers that host them? For example, take an insurance company running open source on their back end servers. At some point they decide to put a customer facing front end on those servers so that customers can access their accounts over the Net. Does that suddenly make that whole kaboodle Saas? If so, I am not sure I am comfortable with AGPL. In fact, I am not sure I am comfortable with this concept anyway since it undercuts one of the few provisions that make GPL software highly attractive to businesses that are not engaged in reselling the software itself. It really compromises the spirit of the GPL in some ways
@DonnieBoy Its going to take time to overtake Facebook. Years and years. Before the NYU kids get a sniff of Facebooks scale theyre going to have some gray hairs, and some of that hair they have today will be staring at them from inside their combs.
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Maybe Microsoft needs a new CEO
HollywoodDog 27th May 2010
nt
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Maybe?? Absolutely!!!
doctorSpoc 27th May 2010
...
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
PollyProteus Updated - 27th May 2010
@HollywoodDog - If only that would happen. Steve Ballmer is a salesman with no vision. His constant opening of his mouth has actually cost the company (and thereby the stockholders) millions and billions of dollars time and again.

The best thing that could happen to Microsoft is to get rid of Steve Ballmer (I implore the stockholders and board to vote Steve out, please, pretty please) and to appoint someone with vision, understanding and the foresight to make decisions based upon forward looking thinking, not what worked in the past.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
zakkiromi Updated - 3rd May 2011
Microsoft has spent this decade going up the stack, battling Linux in the server and enterprise space, where IBM lives. It has made progress, but IBM profits remain solid and Apple has all the momentum. a b c d e f g h i j
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Do we really want to compete in the boutique tech market?
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
Fashion and fads can be profitable and lots of money is made by selling bottled water, $5 coffee and Apple products. What Apple is selling to people is illusion of happiness. Success of apple has nothing to do with technology or value, but it has to do with image and advertising. I can?t tell you how many times I saw a subway iPod adds featuring nothing but ?purty? colors. When was the last Apple add that had actual product specs in it?

At the end of the day happiness from buying a toy is transient, and you will not really be happier or more sophisticated with iPad.

From a moral point of view, I would rather compete on value than on image. This is where Microsoft beats apple: windows laptop that costs half as much as Mac book is middle of the line and better value than any Apple computer. Bottom of the barrel laptop would be four times cheaper than Mac book. The reason for this is that PC makers compete with each other on specs and price. Apple competes on image and can therefore charge premium from users who subconsciously think thay they are buying happiness and lifestyle.

On Linux side of things you are paying a premium in time and money but you do so for the sake of principle of freedom. There is nothing in desktop computing that you can do on Linux but not on windows. The only reason to use Linux is to stop Microsofts and Apples from controlling our digital lives. Personally I think that the principle of computing freedom is important enough for me to suffer trough extra cost and inconvenience.
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@hamobu EXCELLENT effing post.
...we are in the age of consumerism, and the masses show no sign of believing that happiness is not a shiny iPad and a Skinny Latte any time soon.
@hamobu
Windows...
Disagree:
What about going down to the source code ?
Windows keep you out of how things really work.
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@giantiago Source code? The mass market/general public care nothing about source code? They don't give a rat fart about how the code or windows works...
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
Linux Guru Advocate 27th May 2010
@giantiago
I agree.
If M$ were as open as FOSS is, we would not be talking about Apple and iHype today.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
dave95. Updated - 27th May 2010
@hamobu

So you think Apple needed to show all specs in their iPod ads instead of the "purty colors" they do now, the now famous imagery? Please don't ever go into marketing/advertising. The fact that these iPod Ads are so easily identifiable by just a glance is enough to shut down your argument about not showing more specs.

Sounds like you share the belief with some geeks that still think gen consumer walking down the street with iPod blasting is really not happy, it's a fad. They will soon know how wrong they were. Only I've been hearing this for years. The iPhone is enjoying the highest consumer satisfaction ratings right now. But I guess that too must also be an illusion of happiness. iPad, I think the satisfaction ratings is around 91 percent
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Satisfaction
Tim Patterson 27th May 2010
@dave95.

Is it really satisfaction?

Or is it rather that these people have their identities all wrapped up in their iCrap and by actually saying that they are dissatisfied with their iCrap would be tantamount to saying they are dissatisfied with themselves.

Foolish insecure elitists searching for 'coolness' in an iDevice.
@hamobu - they don't care about tech freedom.. they don't want to fiddle with or tinker.. they just want to get the things done that they need to get done and have that experience be pleasant.. that's it.. and that's what apple provides them.. iPads are selling like hot cakes (to the dismay of people like yourself) and HP has cancelled the Windows 7 Slate, because even though you and many like you who frequent tech site (myself included) are not like regular people.. they have rejected computers as they presently exist and want something simpler.. what you call freedom.. they call a burden..

when you realize that you are not a 'normal person' and actually think it out rationally and see why other don't have the same values as you, or care about the things you do.. and stop putting people down because they don't think like you.. you'll have a bet understanding of how the world works...

bottom line stop being a judgement.. tech snob.. realize that when GUI's came out and were winning over people.. there were stuck in the muds giving similar backwards rationales you are now as to why all you need is a good old CLI.. and computers that use GUIs are toys etc, etc..

open your mind and stop being a stuck in the mud, judgmental curmudgeon...
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@doctorSpoc - tech freedom is more than just freedom to tinker. It's freedom to listen to your music on any device and to use your device on any platform and with any music program. I think regular people care about being locked in and having their rights restricted.
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@hamobu: They do care, or they should care, but it isn't until they choose to leave and find themselves trapped that they really freak out. Case in point: I've been in the process of leaving the Apple cage for a couple of months now. First I gave up iPhone, now I'm in the process of giving up Mac and iPod touch.

I knew that I would lose the music and videos I purchased from iTunes (yes, some of my music has DRM on it; I refused to pay Apple for the privilege of jailbreaking it). What I didn't think about was the years worth of audiobooks I've accumulated from Audible.com.

I'd like to move to Linux as my main desktop (I've been using it at work for about a year and have been very happy), but there isn't any support for Audible on Linux. Nor is there a player for Palm Pre or Android. So, I'm still tied to Apple's ecosystem. It's a pain and one of a very long list of things I'm pissed about.

And it's something I didn't even think about. So yeah, people get pissed, but it's not usually something that they're able to act on. The lack of digital freedom doesn't hit you until you're already trapped.
@doctorSpoc

Nicely said.

@hamobu

I had no idea I wasn't really happy with my 5th generation iPod player three years ago. You have now convinced me that I should make myself stop watching movies on my iPhone 3GS while on an airplane going from Moscow to London, or reverse. I will also stop buying iTunes music videos and revert back to listening to just mp3s. Silly me, enjoying all those videos when I could have JUST LISTENED to music. Tsk tsk on my part. Won't happen again!

I will also stop using GPS to find my way around places. I will immediately buy a bigger BACK PACK for when I travel, so I can have more room for all those wonderful maps I hated...er, I mean...enjoyed...having to learn how to fold and read.

Bottom line, fancy image or not, my iPhone 3GS makes me happy because it DOES what I need it to do and, believe me, I ask a lot of my iPhone 3GS. I travel internationally every three months and I have never been lost after purchasing my iPhone 3GS. Same could not be said about when I owned an iPhone 3G. That little magnetometer makes a HUGE difference in my world. As an educated consumer, I realized the potential and upgraded.

So, your argument that Apple offers an "illusion of happiness" has a snag when the devices Apples creates do what the people want them to do.

I resent you for that fact...
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hamobu: A really great post...
adornoe@... 27th May 2010
and one that looks at the reality of the companies and where their values really are.

One other way to look at the "true" value of a company is to examine the products and or services which each provide.

If one were to take inventory and put a total value on the individual products and services from each company, I have no doubt that Microsoft would end up with a bottom line much, much bigger than that of Apple. With just a few of its products, like Windows OS and Office and Bing, the total real value of Microsoft would be many times that of Apple. Then, if one were to add all of the other areas that Microsoft is involved in, Apple would end up looking very tiny in comparison.

On the other hand, if one were to put a value on hype and marketing of products, then Apple would have a greater value than Microsoft.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@adornoe@... I think apple stock is having a mini bubble of it's own. This is not unusual for stocks and other traded financial instruments. Short term variation is guided by speculation rather than fundamentals. Apple is a company that sets trends and people are hoping that iPad is a new trend that catches on. Microsoft, on the other hand, missed some of the most optimistic earnings forecasts. Still I think that Apple is overpriced and Microsoft is under-priced. Apple sells consumer electronics while Microsoft's bread and butter are business and office products. There are stories about offices with macs, but in every waiting room I have ever been in there is a dell PC running XP. Businesses do not use Apple products because they actually do the value calculation and are now swayed by colorful marketing and hype.
@hamobu: so what happens is that people see how actual devices work. They like it and buy for themselves.

Others do big deal about specifications, but when people see those messy products they tend to chose clean, rigid products like Apple's.

No wonder, actually.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@denisrs - are you saying that no devices other than apple devices actually work when purchased?
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@hamobu I know how I feel each morning when I drag myself in to my cube at work, fire up the old laptop to be greeted by XP, domain policies, IT department reading my emails. I work on our companys software product on Windows all day, finding bugs, dealing with problems, searching through too many configuration options for the source of my pains.
And I know how I feel when I get back in my car and leave, listen to my iPod through the car stereo, my radio programs that I love from the UK, my DJ sets from Holland.
At home I fire up my 24" iMac, play some COD4 Modern Warfare, watch a blu-ray movie file. Sync up the iPod.
Borrowed time. Dawn will come soon, and the cube and it's Microsoft boredom and problems waits.
*sigh*
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@HollywoodDog Now that goes three ways. People can say when I download and install Linux I getitng freedom from MS or Apple, or Windows free's me from the Apple handcuffs of using their tools, so that thinking can go either way depending on your view. I have Windows 7 and a Kubuntu Laptop, and I'm not forced to use anything. Oh wait I HAVE to use iTunes for my sons & wifes iTouches and I HAVE to use it for my iPhone...
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@HollywoodDog - what you are describing is not freedom but satisfaction. You can get same experience with many other computers and mp3 players. You will even be able to play more games.
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@hamobu @hamobu I know how I feel each morning when I drag myself in to my cube at work, fire up the old laptop to be greeted by XP, domain policies, IT department reading my emails. I work on our companys software product on Windows all day, finding bugs, dealing with problems, searching through too many configuration options for the source of my pains.
And I know how I feel when I get back in my car and leave, listen to my iPod through the car stereo, my radio programs that I love from the UK, my DJ sets from Holland.
At home I fire up my 24" iMac, play some COD4 Modern Warfare, watch a blu-ray movie file. Sync up the iPod.
Borrowed time. Dawn will come soon, and the cube and it's Microsoft boredom and problems waits.
*sigh*
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Apologize for double post
HollywoodDog 27th May 2010
@HollywoodDog Damn IE.
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Apple sells experience.. not specs...
doctorSpoc 27th May 2010
@hamobu - specs and features are meaningless unless it's easy enough to complete those functions.. that's what apple sells in their commercials.. not what you might be able to do if you read a 100 page manual and go through 100 steps, but they choose to demo just how easy it is to do the sort of things you want to do.. at the end of the day that's what's really important right.. that the device does the things that you want to do in a way that is easy and fun.. who cares about the specs.. what's REALLY important is experience and that's what Apple sells.. and that makes all kinds of sense..
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@doctorSpoc - 100 page manual? 100 steps? I have no idea what you have been buying.

When you buy a windows PC, chances are that you already know how to use it. When you buy a run of the mill mp3 player and plug it into the run of the mill PC, chances are it will be automatically recognized and synced with windows media player. It's with apple products that you have to learn to use new OS or install extra software for your iPod.
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No Illusion: Apple's made me happy since 1984
TheLoneDeranger 27th May 2010
@hamobu

In 1984 value was the ability to cut and paste data from one application to another. Microsoft didn't copy that functionality until many years later. Then there's Total Cost of Ownership, meaning that the cost of supporting Mac users was almost nil vs. Microsoft, something proved over and over in real world of the 80's and 90's. These days value (and happiness) is never having to search the web to try to figure out how to use your computer. Not needing to know one single thing about an Operating System is the height of happiness, and I can tell you I'm very genuinely happy about that.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@TheLoneDeranger - why do you think that macs have a lower TCO? If that's true, than why don't more businesses use macs for their cubicle drones?
@hamobu
I love people that turn using a computer some type of political statement. Talk about sheep.

Usability does not matter. Lust being cheap matters and time is free. Thanks for the laugh.
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RE: The lessons of Apple turning Microsoft into IBM
hamobu-22333136139518773481685514128812 27th May 2010
@Bruizer - You could be paying extra for quality, or you could be paying extra for hype. Are you sure you are not like those ladies that pays $1000 for cellulite cream that does not really work?
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Microsoft's new strategy
BrentRBrian Updated - 27th May 2010
Give the people what THEY want, not what MICROSOFT wants.
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@BrentRBrian Huh?

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