@honeymonster right and wrong. There's no RFC for the TCK, but, for a long time, OpenJDK *has* been open and is therefore the reference. It is, after all, GPL'ed, so the typical (and smart) thing to do is to fork OpenJDK. I have no idea why Google didn't just do that.
Also, to make things bizarre, just because C# has Mono doesn't at all mean that Mono isn't patent encumbered. In fact, the very reason Mono hasn't been taken up are specific concerns about patents (unless you happen to be Novell). It's the inverse of the Java problem in that, sure, there's a specification, but there's certainty as to whether or not its patent encumbered.
On the other hand, at least OpenJDK is under the GPL.
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