This new optical tech could make AR glasses look much cooler
Lumus, an Israeli augmented reality (AR) optics company that specialises in reflective 2D waveguide technology, has launched the latest generation of its display architecture at CES 2023 in Las Vegas.
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AR, where digital information is integrated with your view of the real world to deliver an enhanced overall experience, has yet to make a significant impact in the consumer market. The reason, says Lumus CEO Ari Grobman, is that AR glasses "need to be impressive both functionally and aesthetically" -- which is something he says the new Lumus technology addresses: "With Z-Lens, we're aligning form and function, eliminating barriers-of-entry for the industry and paving the way for widespread consumer adoption."
According to Lumus, its new 2D Z Lens technology will enable "smaller, lighter AR eyeglasses with high-resolution image quality, outdoor-compatible brightness and seamless Rx [prescription lens] integration."
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The stakes in the consumer AR market are high, with big players including Meta, Google and Apple all working on products that, if successful, could transform the way we interact with the real world in years to come.
Founded in 2000, Lumus has built an IP portfolio around its reflective waveguide technology, which comprises a micro-projector (microLED, LCoS or laser) and a series of transflective partial mirrors that expand the image across the X and Y axes (hence the '2D' nomenclature). This enables a usable field of view while accommodating the tiny projector in the temple of the glasses frame. An alternative approach -- employed by WaveOptics, among others -- uses diffractive waveguides, which normally inject light from the micro-projector perpendicular to the waveguide.
Commenting on the superiority of reflective versus diffractive waveguide technology, David Goldman, VP of marketing at Lumus, told ZDNET: "The brightness and battery efficiency have been confirmed by outside experts to be anywhere from 3-10X higher than competing solutions. This means that not only are Lumus reflective waveguides brighter but they require much less battery power to achieve their brightness. Another area Lumus is different from the competition is color uniformity: this means that unlike all other waveguides, Lumus waveguides do not need to break up and reassemble color. Our single waveguides use mirrors to reflect the true color directly to the wearer's eyes. Most of the competing waveguides need 2-3 waveguides for each eye to achieve RGB (red, green, blue) for the full color spectrum."
AR + VR
Early AR products featuring Lumus technology were aimed at military and medical use cases, but more recently Lenovo used the company's optics in its enterprise-focused 2019 ThinkReality A6 headset. Now the company is targeting the potentially huge consumer market.
Lumus's current flagship technology is Maximus, which uses an LCoS micro-projector, offers a 50° field of view, a 1:1 aspect ratio, 2048-by-2048 pixel resolution, full colour, and over 4,000 nits per watt of LED illumination. This is bright enough for outdoor use and so doesn't require the lenses to be tinted, which can cause practical and social issues indoors.
The new Z-Lens architecture also offers 2K x 2K resolution and full colour, but shrinks the optical engine by 50%, providing glasses manufacturers with more flexibility over entrance aperture placement and allowing for lighter, less bulky and more natural-looking AR glasses. Also like Maximus, Z-Lens technology minimizes light leakage, meaning that third parties are unable to see what the AR glasses wearer is viewing.
Lumus Z-Lens shrinks the optical engine by 50% compared to the company's current Maximus technology.
There is a key difference, though: Z-Lens only offers 3,000 nits/W compared to over 4,000 thanks to the larger optical engine in Maximus. However, the company maintains that this is a conservative estimate and still sufficient for daylight usage: "To achieve a better aesthetic (by allowing for a smaller projector), we took a slight hit on the brightness. I would, however, make a couple of points on this: first, to use AR glasses outdoors, the user needs at least 2,000 nits to the eye, which we are well above with Z-Lens; second, Lumus is still well ahead of any other waveguide technology in the world at this number," Goldman told ZDNET.
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The first Z-Lens prototypes will feature the same 50° field of view as Maximus, but the company's roadmap has this reaching over 80° in due course. "Lumus is just getting started with 2D reflective waveguides and there's a lot of headroom left. Therefore, we expect to exceed 80° within a couple of years," Goldman said.
Along with unique support for the direct bonding of optical elements for Rx prescription glasses, these developments should go a long way towards enabling "natural-looking glasses with augmented reality functionality [that] will unlock the consumer market and propel the industry forward," says Lumus CEO Ari Grobman.