Windows Wi-Fi attack discovered

A Windows feature that automatically searches for Wi-Fi connections can be exploited by hackers, a security researcher has warned.

The feature is part of Windows XP and 2000 and was exposed as being vulnerable at hacker conference ShmooCon on Saturday by vulnerability researcher Mark Loveless.

Loveless claimed that hackers can take advantage of the feature to include a user's PC in a peer-to-peer network, giving them access to information on its hard drive.

When a PC running Windows XP or Windows 2000 boots up it will automatically try to connect to a wireless network. If the computer can't set up a wireless connection, it will establish an ad hoc connection to a local address. This is assigned with an IP address and Windows associates this address with the SSID of the last wireless network it connected to.

The machine will then broadcast this SSID, looking to connect with other computers in the immediate area.

The danger arises if an attacker listens for computers that are broadcasting in this way, and creates a network connection of their own with that same SSID. This would allow the two machines to associate together, potentially giving the attacker access to files on the victim's PC.

Security experts contacted by ZDNet UK on Monday confirmed that the flaw exists, but said that it should not be a problem for those using firewalls.

Paul Wood, security analyst at MessageLabs indicated that users will probably be unaware that their computers have connected to the peer-to-peer network in such a way.

MessageLabs believes that users running Windows XP Service Pack 2 (SP2) are not at risk.

"This yet again is a wake-up call for those who haven't installed SP2. Any machines running a copy of XP without SP2 are saying 'Come and get me', as there are so many gaping threats," said Mark Sunner, chief technology officer at MessageLabs.

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Experts recommended companies deploy a security policy, if one isn't already in place: "Any organisation deploying a Wi-Fi network needs to implement a company security policy," said Sunner. "The potential victims are the road-warrior community. Does the in-house security department have a mechanism to check the visibility of remote machines?"

MessageLabs also recommended that individual teleworkers be given personal firewalls.

Individuals can also protect themselves by disabling Wi-Fi when not using it, said Greg Day, security analyst at McAfee.

MessageLabs advised the following:

"Users with Wi-Fi can disable the peer-to-peer facility by going to "Wireless Network Properties | Advanced | Network Access Point | Choose Infrastructure Networks Only," said Wood. "We recommend people only connect to infrastructure points, although some users may want to use peer-to-peer for head-to-head gaming and file sharing."

MessageLabs pointed out that system administrators can also mitigate the problem by blocking ports 135, 137, 138, and 139 — which in Sunner's words "should be nailed shut already" — from accepting NetBIOS connections.

Day downplayed the potential of the attack: "Hackers are trying to class this as virus-like. You become part of the problem because your machine is now broadcasting on a peer-to-peer network. However, all this gives hackers is the ability to see other machines — they still have to write exploits. But if the user is patched or has a firewall, they are protected."

Sunner echoed those feelings: "I'm a purist, and for me the [virus] analogy is not rooted in reality. Could it be self-replicating? It's not really within the realms of possibility," said Sunner.

Criminal gangs were unlikely to target this flaw as it would be too labour-intensive to exploit, predicted MessageLabs, saying that it was "really a threat from script kiddies".

Microsoft had not responded to a request for comment at the time of writing.