Between the Lines

Larry Dignan, Andrew Nusca and Rachel King

Apple's subscription plan: Time for an app work stoppage

By | February 15, 2011, 3:14pm PST

Summary: Apple’s subscription plan had a bevy of media execs in a tizzy and many were still trying to figure out the new App Store new deal. But these media types were sure Apple’s new deal wasn’t good. The solution: Walk away en masse.

Apple’s subscription plan had a bevy of media execs in a tizzy and many were still trying to figure out the App Store’s new deal. But these media types were sure Apple’s new deal wasn’t good.

The fuss was raised over the following passage in Apple’s statement:

Publishers who use Apple’s subscription service in their app can also leverage other methods for acquiring digital subscribers outside of the app. For example, publishers can sell digital subscriptions on their web sites, or can choose to provide free access to existing subscribers. Since Apple is not involved in these transactions, there is no revenue sharing or exchange of customer information with Apple. Publishers must provide their own authentication process inside the app for subscribers that have signed up outside of the app. However, Apple does require that if a publisher chooses to sell a digital subscription separately outside of the app, that same subscription offer must be made available, at the same price or less, to customers who wish to subscribe from within the app. In addition, publishers may no longer provide links in their apps (to a web site, for example) which allow the customer to purchase content or subscriptions outside of the app.

In a nutshell, Apple wants a 30 percent cut of in-app purchases. If you are a publisher of movies or music this could be a big issue. First, companies like Rhapsody and Netflix pay content owners and then pay Apple another cut for the privilege of being in the App Store.

Also: Will Apple find publishing execs ‘technologically innocent’?

Here’s a look at some of the fallout:

At first glance, this is exactly what a lot of publishers were fearing: Apple setting itself up as a toll-taker on news orgs’ road to a new business model. (Excuse the metaphor.) For publishers who had been counting on a new rush of tablet revenue to support a lagging print model, it’s disappointing to learn that, in exchange for the convenience of a “Buy” button in their iPad app, they’ll have to give up 30 percent of the revenue it generates.

Rest assured that the consternation over Apple’s new rules is just beginning. However, let’s say Hulu, Netflix, the New York Times and a few others, say Sirius XM, all pull their apps over Apple’s in-app move. Apple will have to listen. In tablets, this move may be risky for publishers because the iPad is the only game in town for now. But if enough big content and subscription providers pulled the plug on the App Store and backed Android, Apple’s move could backfire.

It appears that Apple has all the leverage, but that’s not really the case. If there’s an app work stoppage, Apple’s loss may be Android’s gain.

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Larry Dignan is Editor in Chief of ZDNet and SmartPlanet as well as Editorial Director of ZDNet's sister site TechRepublic.

Disclosure

Larry Dignan

Larry Dignan has nothing to disclose. He doesn’t hold investments in the technology companies he covers.

Biography

Larry Dignan

Larry Dignan is Editor in Chief of ZDNet and SmartPlanet as well as Editorial Director of ZDNet's sister site TechRepublic. He was most recently Executive Editor of News and Blogs at ZDNet. Prior to that he was executive news editor at eWeek and news editor at Baseline. He also served as the East Coast news editor and finance editor at CNET News.com. Larry has covered the technology and financial services industry since 1995, publishing articles in WallStreetWeek.com, Inter@ctive Week, The New York Times, and Financial Planning magazine. He's a graduate of the Columbia School of Journalism and the University of Delaware.

For daily updates, follow Larry on Twitter.

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RE: Apple's subscription plan: Time for an app work stoppage
non-biased 24th Feb 2011
@texhead I have seen instances in the past where a retail giant has been able to force a manufacture into specific pricing across all channels.
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These guys change the rules of the app store more times than Bart Simpson changes his underwear. I'm surprised more developers don't already back out. From my vantage point, the Apple app store is a risky venture.

This 30% nonsense is extorsion.
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RE: Apple's subscription plan: Time for an app work stoppage
Bay Area CA Male Updated - 15th Feb 2011
@Cylon Centurion 0005

Extorsion?... Its simple business. A, COMMISION, per se... Try being in their shoes. If you owned a store front, would you let other make millions using the market you created from thin air and not ask for a cut?

If you really say no then you are just never going to run a succesful business.
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@Bay Area CA Male

Take off your Apple colored glasses and look at what is really going on.

30% is a lot of money. Content providers will be loosing sums of money from iBought purchases compared to if I bought directly from them on another device.
@Bay Area CA Male Fanboy much?
OK, so are Apple entitled to 30% of a transaction if I buy something through the eBay app? Or through the Amazon app for something physical?

What about if I pay a bill through the Bank of America app? 30% handling fee on that?

The purchases do not go through any Apple infrastructure, they go across the Internet. Perhaps I should pay Comcast, Cisco, Juniper, HP some money when I buy something on line too?

If Microsoft was charging a percentage for buying something through IE on a Windows PC connected to the Internet you would scream bl00dy blue murder. And rightly so.

So why do Apple get a pass? Are you an employee?
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A dose of reality
Fred Fredrickson Updated - 15th Feb 2011
@Bay Area CA Male
"If you owned a store front, would you let other make millions using the market you created from thin air and not ask for a cut?"

Say I have a product Widget with advertising on the box for a companion product FizBox. Suppose I place the Widget product in Walmart, do you think it's fair if Walmart insist that anyone who buys a Widget from them and then decides to buy a FizBox, *must* buy the FizBox through them?

Not only that, but someone who buys a Widget can *only* buy a FizBox from Walmart?

Of course you can't enforce that in real life (RL), but you can in the digital world.
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Your analogy doesn't wash at all..
doctorSpoc 16th Feb 2011
@Fred Fredrickson.. these guys don't want to sell ANYTHING in the iTunes store they just want to advertise their wares there.. app is free so Apple gets no revenue there, they don't want to sell through Apple's in-app service so Apple gets no revenue there.. The only revenue that Apple sees right now from these reseller is a $99 dev license..

Would Walmart tolerate someone setting up a little stand inside their store to tell people about their wares that they can purchase in their store down the road, and not pay Walmart for the privilege of doing that? Are you crazy? In your scenario Walmart is getting revenue from selling that product with the advertising on it in the first place in iTunes case they are getting nada.. is that fair?

Rupert Murdock.. One of the cheapest money grubbing guys in publishing seems to thinks it's a good deal.. a news stand would take 50% of revenue + you'd need to pay for printing.. 30% all in sounds like a pretty good deal to me..
@Bay Area CA Male - Don't you mean TAX vice COMMISION?
@doctorSpoc
"In your scenario Walmart is getting revenue from selling that product with the advertising on it in the first place in iTunes case they are getting nada"

No this is false, itunes is getting the fee it charges to developers. The issue here is simple: The reason this is bogus is because companies cannot create ipad apps that aren't present in the app store. If Amazon had the right to have a kindle app download from its websote than Apple forcing the app to have subscription within it and taking a cut would be moot, the developer would just keep the app on its website. Apple doesn't allow that. So Fred's analogy is true. If I own a product say Its a Walmard brand. This product can only get services from a walmart, but htose services can be created by other people. I am forced to get that service from walmart. So in the vein of Apple, the ipad can only get apps from the app store. Amazon is paying to do this and not charging for the app. Apple wants to cut into their revenue more for fees that have nothing to do with them.
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I want 30% of your next purchase
John Zern 16th Feb 2011
even though I don't have anything to do with it except for the fact that you're wearing shoes made by my company.
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Apple is only taking a cut ...
RationalGuy Updated - 16th Feb 2011
... of in-app subscription purchases which will be processed through Apple's iTunes sales infrastructure. This is like a department store charging a perfume manufacturer or a clothing designer to set up a sales counter in their store.

Companies are not required to offer subscriptions through the app store only, and those that sell subscriptions outside of the app don't have to pay commissions to Apple on those sales. So what's the problem?

The 30% figure is just a number. It's neither too high or too low inherently. For some, it will cut too deeply into profit margins and they will have to adapt or pull out of the app store. For others, the 70% of income that they can make will be more than they ever dreamed of, and they will do extremely well.

Of course, if too many high-profile apps leave the app store, it may cause customers to leave, too. But this is all basic supply and demand stuff. If the number really is too high, the market will correct it and it will be lowered.
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Ridiculous
intechpc (GPEN, CISM, CEH, ECSA) 16th Feb 2011
@Bay Area CA Male

Apple looking for any commission from in-app purchases is a joke. The app store is there to provide distribution of the applications. Once the app is on the phone, no Apple owned system provides technology to facilitate the in-app purchases and therefore Apple deserves no commission. This would be like Sprint or AT&T limiting what pizza places you can call to order pizza from and then demanding that the pizza places pay a commission on each order they take. It's a joke. If Netflix, Hulu and others are going to pay commissions to anyone, it should be to the carriers whose networks have to support the transfer of data involved in those purchases.
@Bay Area CA Male
No, commission would be "if you'd like to use our store, our door is open to you. We charge 30% commission."

Extortion is "If you have a store and you sell things, you HAVE to use our store or we'll pull your app. If we catch you charging more inside our store than outside our store, we'll pull your app. And we mandate 30%, not of your profit, but of your gross."

End result is that companies like Amazon either pull their iOS apps entirely, our have to raise their prices everywhere - for everyone, not just iPad suckers - or else face losing money, because on much of their retail, profit margins aren't anywhere near 30% to begin with.

And speaking of basic business 101 - profit margins are what they are to cover the expense of the business. If Apple mandates sales that not only swallow the entire profit but some of the expense as well, that won't lead to a profitable business.
If you really say YES you aren't going to run a profitable business. You'll either need to charge 20%-30% more than any competition on the web who doesn't have an iPad app - and see your business suffer as a result of being noncompetitive outside the iPad bubble world - or you'll need to lose money on every sale made inside the iPad app, with no recourse outside of those two options.

Good luck with your business success plan there, genius.
Trump would fire you.
@Bay Area CA Male Thing is you already have to pay a fee to get the SDK, then you have to pay a recurring membership fee to sell apps in the app store. Every update of every app has to be hand-inspected by Apple every time. And now you're not even allowed to link to web pages to sell your own product?
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@Bay Area CA Male - The problem is that Apple forces the subscription sold through the i-app to be cheaper or at the same price as the subscriptions sold through any other channels, including the publisher's own website - where the publisher doesn't pay any commission.
So, Apple is forcing the publishers to raise their prices in over 42% (original price = 70, raise 30), all of it going directly to Apple if the subscription is sold through the i-app.
@Bay Area CA Male
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Please explain how, CC0005
vulpine@... 16th Feb 2011
Yes, 30% is a lot of money, 70% is a lot more. Guess who's getting that 70%.
Guess who's not having to pay for paper.
Guess who's not having to pay for ink.
Guess who's not having to pay for for maintenance of multi-million-dollar printing presses which cost ever more to maintain as they age.
Guess who doesn't have to purchase printing presses to replace defunct ones over time.

Please explain to me how these content providers will be losing (I will NOT copy your misspellings) from digital purchases when hard-copy costs so much more to produce.
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@intechpc: Here's where you are wrong ...
RationalGuy 17th Feb 2011
@intechpc

Once the app is on the phone, no Apple owned system provides technology to facilitate the in-app purchases and therefore Apple deserves no commission.

All transactions for in-app subscriptions will go through the iTunes purchasing system. So, you are 100% wrong. Therefore, according your own argument, Apple does deserve a commission.
@Bay Area CA Male Commission? How is this a commission when the publisher pays nothing if they bring the subscriber to the app? Try being in their shoes, if you have an excessive charge that inspires the market to create a new model that reduces your sales you are never going to run a successful business.
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@Cylon Centurion 0005
fr_gough 16th Feb 2011
30% is standard in the industry for commission. It's also the standard cut for distributors. And, oh, let's see. It's also what Google charges in the Android marketplace. And what Amazon charges if you sell a book through their storefront. Because, um, it's STANDARD in the industry.
@frgough@... But you're not buying the subscription through Apple's storefront. You're buying it through an application purchased through the storefront. Should Apple require a 30% cut of purchases you make via an alternative browser like Skyfire that you downloaded through its app store? According to this logic the answer would be yes.
doctorSpoc..... your logic is even worse than Fred's.... I see no logic in profiteering from people giving away there products. The $99 fee is ENOUGH. They get 1000s of these apps a day or even more a week. 3 million a month from a service that takes very little to run is plenty. Its the evil empire strategy all over again, get them hooked then put the screws to them......... Apple , YOU SUCK!
@frgough@... The percentage isn't the issue.
It's that Apple is forcing people to sell through the app and forcing them to pay that commission. They aren't giving an option, this isn't "If you'd like to sell through our store, we'll take 30% commission". This is "If you have a store and an app - we'll pull your app if you don't sell through our system, and we'll take 30% of not your profit, but your gross"

With many internet products/sales, profit margins aren't 30% to begin with - reflecting a marked shift from a physical world with retail labor and expenses to cover.

This would force 'companies with apps' to either raise prices to noncompetitive levels in the large world that exists outside the app world [and suffer losses in revenue as a result], or else have their apps pulled by Apple.

That's not standard by any means. Amazon doesn't say "you can't sell that book anywhere else for a lower price".
@jporter1000

Except the subscription apps are free.
@frgough@...

Yes, it's a standard cut for distributors. However, Amazon's online store works just fine! It doesn't use Apple's infrastructure for making the sale. It doesn't use Apple's internet connection or Apple's "cart". Hell, they aren't even using Apple's app. They had to write it themselves, and pay for the privilege no less. So, Amazon is paying distribution industry standard for distribution they aren't getting.
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i agree with you...
dtroyerSMU 16th Feb 2011
@Cylon Centurion 0005 .... the Apple juggernaught has shown its true colors, in for just the profits, not for the user. Business needs a moral responsibilty, balance profits with serving the customer.....not stabbing them in the heart!!!
BTW, i h8 iTunes store with a passion, all its silly restrictions and stupid reasoning. YES, Apple is part of the evil empire!!! LOL
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@Cylon Centurion 0005
Huh? Have you actually seen the Simpsons? Bart, and for that matter most of the characters,may have a few costume changes here or there, but he has worn the same clothes for over 20 years...thus the non-funny non sequitur. EAT MY SHORTS!
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Cowabunga
brunerd 16th Feb 2011
@Cylon Centurion 0005
Bart Simpson doesn't change his underwear very often, so it's pretty easy to do something more often than that.
@Cylon Centurion 0005 Not to split hairs but Bart doesn't actually change underwear very often.
Extorsion often hurts, but probably isn't what is meant here. @Cylon Centurion 0005
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@Cylon Centurion 0005 I must have missed something somewhere because when this whole thing first came out the only thing Apple was doing was enforcing a requirement that if an app had any "outside" purchases that the app also had to offer the same purchases within the app. That's all, that's it. People who were purchasing things outside the app should be able to continue doing so without going through the app and paying the extra money... at least that is how I understood it.

IF I'm wrong and Apple is not allowing any out of app purchases then yeah I fully agree with and support an app work stoppage until Apple comes to their senses.
This isn't a hurtful thing to the customer, since they require that the item purchased in app would be the same price or lower than outside the app. The hurt is to the business doing the selling. Customers will probably buy through the app (easier and you're already there) and the profit margin for the business will be sucked away by the commission to Apple. At 30% that probably means no profit and more likely actually selling at a loss. This is a very bad deal for the business doing the selling. And whether you like the big businesses or not, if they weren't making the products they wouldn't be available at all.
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Wishful thinking...
pwatson 16th Feb 2011
@Cylon Centurion 0005 - Apple watched carefully as the recording industry execs fell. Sensing a lock-in, they are trying to recreate those lavish, coke-snorting roles for themselves.

The more things change, the more they stay the same.
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The term is "extortion"...
vulpine@... 16th Feb 2011
@Cylon Centurion 0005 : ... and no, as BACAM says, it's not extortion, it's nothing more than a publisher wanting its cut of the product sold. What? You think all those book and newspaper publishers print those books for free?
@Cylon Centurion 0005
Not just at you but were did you see the 30%. That seems to be spin the author took the liberty to interpret for us. Sort of like our congress people.

Reads that if no charge for out-of-the-app then there can be no charge for in-the-app which would reduce revenue not increase it.

Looks more like Apple is trying to protect the buying public.

'Course I know this is an anti-Apple net so ...
@Cylon Centurion 0005 I can foresee that Android's App Store and Ovi Store will shine soon. If they are clever they would take this chance engaging content providers to marry them.
@Cylon Centurion 0005
I've tried to look up "extorsion" What is it? Do you mean "extortion"?
@Cylon Centurion 0005 From what limited I have read about this move I agree, it's not smart or right but I also don't know all the details. As far as them getting 30% of app and media sales through the app store, of course they have a right to that. They created the market then the store, if you don't like it go elsewhere. In app purchases, not so much. But let's be honest, the latest move hasn't changed your mind at all. Doesn't matter what Apple does or doesn't do/charge, it will never be a good thing in your mind.
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BS BS BS.....
Bay Area CA Male Updated - 15th Feb 2011
All you iHaters and anti Apple monsters can shuv it!

If you owned a store and another company came in, erected end caps full of merchandise, then told you all revenues skip you and go str8 to them...

You would tell that vendor where to go.
Same applies. This is revenuse that these publishers wouldnt have anyway. So if it werent for Apple they wouldnt even get the other 70%.

I think Apple is in its full right to charge a mesley 30% if they will bring millions of revenue. Plus these publishers no longer have print over head. They dont have to pay to print, and distribute the content. So that means they are just being greedy!!!!!!!

They save on print and logistics, so that 30% cut Apple is taking is the same or less it ould cost to get paper into the hands of all these readers.
@Bay Area CA Male
Or, they could set up with Android, where they will be showing their wares to more people, as Android OS is more prevalent worldwide than iOS is.
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@Droid101
"Android OS is more prevalent worldwide than iOS is"
What you have just said is quite disingenuous. I don't remember the exact numbers, but both OSes each have ~35% of the market. Android leads, but barely - by only 1 or 2%. On the basis of your idea, a business would leave iOS for Android to get access to maybe 1 or 2% more of the market. What's more, instead of writing one iOS app to work across all devices, they would then need to write various version of the app to suit different versions of Android and different interfaces. Being required to pay a 30% commission to Apple is not necessarily ideal for any business, but don't try to fool yourself and others that a change to Android would improve market access. It won't; though it might reduce the fee structure. These are not the same thing.
@Droid101
It's not hard to make your app compatible with 1.6 version of Android. How many developers make their apps backwards compatible with iPhone 1, 2, or 3? Probably none.
also what the Android marketplace charges in commission. Oh. You didn't know that?
@Droid101 frgough: Then don't use the Android Marketplace... On an Android phone you have that option.
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@Droid101 FUD, FUD, and more FUD... so business as usual for you.

It's not hard to make your app compatible with 1.6 version of Android. How many developers make their apps backwards compatible with iPhone 1, 2, or 3? Probably none.

A better question would be how many people are running iOS 1x? 2x? 3x? Right now the ONLY iPhone model that is not able to run the latest iOS is the original iPhone 2G (and with the iPod Touch the original iPod Touch). According to the ABAers most of the iPhone 3, 3G, and 4 sales have been to those who upgraded from a previous version so by that logic most iPhone owners are running iOS4x. Personally I think that most people are running either iOS3x or 4x and with very little difference between the two (other than true third party multitasking and a few other tweaks) what is written for iOS3x works just fine in iOS4x (and usually apps written for iOS2x work just fine with 3x and 4x).
@Bay Area CA Male You're missing the point. Its like Best Buy expecting to make a cut from every piece of software you buy for your laptop. You purchased the laptop from Best Buy so they are entitled to 30% of every transaction. If you go on Firefox and purchase an ITunes movie, Best Buy would get 30% or not allow the purchase. I mean, they do own the laptop, don't they? You just paid for the right to use it.

This is the same sort of non-sense greed that caused them to fail. It used to be that Macs were expensive, but not the IPhone is cheap and all the companies pay Apple instead of people. Its great until the companies say "see ya." Will the companies leave? We'll see if they have the guts to do it.
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nope
KBot 16th Feb 2011
@Bay Area CA Male

I'm not an Apple basher, but you're wrong. In you example, there is a store owner. He would have me set up a free ware in the storefront. HE is charging me a fee to do this. That is the money. If I have this ware in other places, some of which are free and one I sell directly from my own shop, and I have a subscription service or some digital store where stuff for that ware can be bought for it, the store owner has no right to that revenue. I am being charged to use the store owners front in the first place. Even more so, lets say this ware I am making can be used with the ware of something in that store owner's store and the only way I can get my ware to be used with the store owner's ware is if I put it in his store front, I have no choice but to do so otherwise I loose out on customers.
What makes the Apple thing even more bogus is that the fee for using the in app service is not allowed to be higher than the out of app purchase. Apple has no right to put a cap on what someone else can charge for their service. Amazon should raise the prices of all of its kindle stock by 30%, then, give a curtosey discount of 30% to services rendered on any device not in the app store. This would be a coupon not a change in price and I don't think Apple could do anything about it. Otherwise Amazon should get into contact with all of the major app providers with apps on the ipad with stores or subscriptions and make a deal to all pull the apps at the same time.
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here is a better example...
modrax Updated - 16th Feb 2011
@Bay Area CA Male

i went to Walmart to buy my iPhone 3G S. now, i buy apps, pay bills on my iPhone. Walmart does not take 30% of my payments on the iPhone. but Walmart did make a profit on the unit sale. Walmart's foot traffic or retail presence is what motivated Apple to sell their iPhone there.

similarly, once the vendor pays for the App retail space on the storefront (like Apple did to Walmart), the vendor should not have to pay the retailer for future purchases made inside the app. morally, its is repugnant on Apple's part. but then, they have been morally corrupt ever since they took that investment from Microsoft.

similarly
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RE: Apple's subscription plan: Time for an app work stoppage
ItsTheBottomLine Updated - 16th Feb 2011
@Bay Area CA Male
Wow, take off the Apple knee pads dude and wipe your mouth...sheesh
@Bay Area CA Male

Dude, the issue isn't whether or not Apple should make money in their own store - of course they should. The issue is that they are forcing all the content into their own store. They're stepping in between consumers and merchants for no purpose other than making a profit. It's as if Dell wanted to charge ZDNet for the right to show me their content on this monitor.
@texhead I have seen instances in the past where a retail giant has been able to force a manufacture into specific pricing across all channels.

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