Between the Lines

Larry Dignan, Andrew Nusca and Rachel King

Did Google trick Apple's Safari into tracking users?

By | February 17, 2012, 3:34am PST

Summary: The Wall Street Journal has caught Google with its hand in the cookie jar of Apple’s Safari users, after privacy-circumventing code was discovered in Google’s adverts.

Update: see Google’s explanation below.

Search giant Google has been accused by the Wall Street Journal of bypassing the browser’s security settings by allowing a site to set tracking cookies.

Safari for Mac and PC, as well as Safari in-built into iOS devices, are thought to be affected. The browser was subject to tests by the Journal which show that Google used code in its advertisements to bypass Safari’s security, which by default blocks such tracking activity.

The aim of the code was to allow users who had signed into Google+ in Safari to access the ‘+1′ button within ads, provided by Google’s DoubleClick network.

“Don’t be evil,” the company said. While this may not classify as evil per se, it has already gained the attention of the online privacy advocacy group, the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), reiterating the need for ‘Do Not Track’ rules on the Web.

Safari’s security would normally prevent ads from dropping a tracking cookie in such a case because it blocks cookies coming from advertising networks. But the code Google is accused of using  ’tricked’ the browser into thinking the code was submitting a web form to Google; form cookies are not blocked, as it allows the browser to see whether the form was in fact sent.

The exploit isn’t new. It was first discovered in 2010 by Stanford researcher Jonathan Mayer and confirmed web developer and researcher Anant Garg.

But Google, while the biggest name on the list of the accused, was not the only one to do it. The Journal says that other advertising networks do similar things, such as the Media Innovation Group, Gannet’s PointRoll, and Vibrant.

Google’s DoubleClick adverts containing the privacy-circumventing code were found on major websites, including AOL.com, Match.com, TMZ.com and YellowPages.com, fellow sister site CNET reports. The Journal’s outside advisor found that 22 of the top 100 websites had Google’s Safari-busting tracking code, and that 23 different sites install the same code on Safari’s iOS browser.

The cookies were set to expire after 12 to 24 hours, but Safari can add even more cookies to a users’ browser once the first cookie as been left.

After Google was caught with its hand in the cookie jar, it said that “the Journal mischaracterizes what happened and why,” after it disabled the code. ”We used known Safari functionality to provide features that signed-in Google users had enabled. It’s important to stress that these advertising cookies do not collect personal information,” the company said.

Apple, however, was quoted as saying that it is “working to put a stop” to the circumvention of its privacy settings and security features.

Microsoft has weighed in, taking a cheap shot at its closest rival, by saying that “this type of tracking by Google is not new”. The Internet Explorer blog continued: “The novelty here is that Google apparently circumvented the privacy protections built into Apple’s Safari browser in a deliberate, and ultimately, successful fashion.”

This is the second controversy in as many weeks. Google recently announced a change to its privacy policy that would consolidate all its policies into one giant, super policy. But this led to calls from the European data protection authorities because it would grant Google the explicit right to “combine personal information” across its products and services. ZDNet’s Larry Dignan said: “Google will know more about you than your wife does.”

The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) filed a lawsuit last week against the U.S. Federal Trade Commission in an attempt to force the regulator into preventing Google from making the privacy policy changes.

Update: Rachel Whetstone, senior vice-president for communications and public policy at Google, expanded on the Journal’s findings:

“Unlike other major browsers, Apple’s Safari browser blocks third-party cookies by default. However, Safari enables many web features for its users that rely on third parties and third-party cookies, such as “Like” buttons. Last year, we began using this functionality to enable features for signed-in Google users on Safari who had opted to see personalized ads and other content — such as the ability to “+1” things that interest them.

To enable these features, we created a temporary communication link between Safari browsers and Google’s servers, so that we could ascertain whether Safari users were also signed into Google, and had opted for this type of personalization. But we designed this so that the information passing between the user’s Safari browser and Google’s servers was anonymous — effectively creating a barrier between their personal information and the web content they browse.

However, the Safari browser contained functionality that then enabled other Google advertising cookies to be set on the browser. We didn’t anticipate that this would happen, and we have now started removing these advertising cookies from Safari browsers.  It’s important to stress that, just as on other browsers, these advertising cookies do not collect personal information.”

Image source: ZDNet.

Related:

Kick off your day with ZDNet's daily e-mail newsletter. It's the freshest tech news and opinion, served hot. Get it.

Topics

Zack Whittaker, a criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, Canterbury, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

Disclosure

Zack Whittaker

I worked briefly with Microsoft UK in 2006 but no longer have any connection with the company. Regardless, I remain impartial and unbiased in my views.

I don't hold any stock or shares, investments or industrial secrets in any company, but have signed confidentiality agreements with a number of UK and U.S. organisations, whose names I am not at liberty to disclose.

I was involved with Kent Union, the University of Kent's student union, undertaking voluntary, non-salaried, elected positions between early 2009 and mid-2010.

No other company, body, government department, non-governmental organisation or third sector organisation employs me or pays me a salary in any capacity whatsoever.

As a freelance journalist, whenever expenses are given and taken by a company that is not CBS Interactive, these will be disclosed in each relevant post to ensure transparency.

I currently work with a UK law enforcement unit, but this is an entirely separate position which bears no connection to other work.

(Updated: 23rd October 2011)

Biography

Zack Whittaker

Zack Whittaker, criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, UK, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

After studying criminology at university, though still in his early-20's, he has already had a series unconventional work and voluntary positions. He has worked with researchers studying neurological illnesses like Tourette's syndrome (which he suffers from), has given lectures on the nature of disabilities in the public community, and occasionally ends up speaking on television and radio discussing the events of the day.

He first had academic work published at the age of 22, then still an undergraduate, and has been cited by a wide range of publications: from CNN, the Huffington Post, AllThingsDigital, The Atlantic Wire and CBS News.

Related Discussions on TechRepublic

Did you know you can take part in these discussions with your ZDNet membership?
144
Comments

Join the conversation!

Just In

No they didn't
M.M.Grimes 21st Feb
Anything Google did was covered by their ToS and privacy policy. (Apple does far worse things with theirs). According to the blog, the cookies were enabled through the use of Google services. This is more about attacks on Google's revenue stream vice privacy concerns. At least they don't strip search you at Google. Any comments on that Apple? Anybody who buys anything Apple says is naive.
Again, you are focusing on the wrong problem here! If Google can do this then so can others but much more maliciously.

Should Google have done this? Probably not. However, if the browser weren't full of holes they might not have been able to.
@Peter Perry
Then why Google did it in first place?
@GraphiteCube
Google did Apple a service by exposing security holes in Safari. If Apple does not stop suing android Apple has more to lose for its lame software.
0 Votes
+ -
Games Online- Y8kizi.com
pjckmen 17th Feb
@GraphiteCube
one likes playing games come on Friv
  • Flagged
@GraphiteCube

Oh, get over it. Browsers, in general, suck. Anyone whose done web design as deviated from best practice to get something to work. There is a reason rational developers HATE IE6.
@tkejlboom
MS put a lot into IE6 to make it useful for enterprises to make decent web-driven LOB and B2B apps. A lot of that stuff would have taken ages to get through standards, though a lot did.

However, it all worked out too well for businesses that effectively had a 'standard' browser, just not one that worked for consumers, but that was of limited concern for their purposes, except for public-facing sites, which are dwarfed by their intranets.

Now with the immanent (finally) switch off of XP, the whole effort going into the OS overhaul has to include the masses of stable internal IE6-based processes, a not inconsiderable and expensive effort.
0 Votes
+ -
@Peter Perry
then the owner is to blame if he is robbed, as the theif bares no resposibility for his actions, and should not go to jail if he is caught>
plain
@Mister Spock You build a house, lead everyone to believe it is the safest thing around and then sell it to people on that basis! Now you want sympathy?

The problem with your analogy is that Apple is the builder and the User is the Victim.

I agree, Google shouldn't have done that but if this house were truly the safest thing around then this likely wouldn't have happened.
-1 Votes
+ -
and Google is the thief..
theFunkDoctorSpoc 17th Feb
@Mister Spock ...in the real world who goes to jail in that case?
@Mister Spock what about the people who go out and leave their garage door open - they might not be to blame, but they are not smart either
@Mister Spock

It's more like if you built your house with no doors, asked for a plumber to come over and fix your pipes, and then accused him of breaking and entering when he came in through a window.
0 Votes
+ -
@Peter Perry Yes but Google needs to be brought to task for it's actions here. It's a strawman argument to mention that others do it - Google is the poster child for bypassing Safari's anti-tracking features.

After all that logic seems to work when it's Apple's dealing with Foxconn... nevermind that other tech companies use them and have used them for years prior to Apple it's all somehow Apple's fault. So now it is with Google - this is all Google's fault - nevermind that others do it and likely have been doing it for some time now.
@Pete "athynz" Athens isn???t it funny that right after gaping hole is found in IE, there is a knee jerk Safari has holes too article?
@Pete "athynz" Athens I never said others do it and I never said Google wasn't wrong to do it. I said, the real problem is in the security of the system... No Exploit, No Problem! It would be interesting to see if this exploit was documented previously and left in patched.
0 Votes
+ -
@Peter Perry ..so i guess the real problem with crime is that people just don't make strong enough locks.. not that people shouldn't be breaking into other people's houses in the first place? you sure have some backwards logic.. Google is wrong here end of story.. it's bad enough when crime sindicates in Eastern Europe do it.. it's even worse when 'legit' multi-billion dollar multi-national companies do it.. shameful!

caught selling ads illegally to foreign pharmacies.. now this..
@Pete "athynz" Athens

Does Safari have a pop-up that informs the user they need to change their security settings to allow functionality when they try to "Like", "+1", or "Digg" a story, ad, or other? It sounds to me like Google simply utilized a well documented exploit that was originally reported several years ago to work around shoddy browser implementation.

@theFunkDoctorSpoc I think the analogy is that Apple is selling perfectly good locks, but you have to submit a special form to get the key to said lock... after it's already on your front door. Google's implementation of this exploit stored a blank cookie only for people trying to use their service. So, really, this is about your plumber pointing out that you can use the window.

@Peter Perry
Apparently, the exploit is patched in a developer build already. According to the documentation. Google at the least... helped Apple fix it.
0 Votes
+ -
@tkejlboom

Does Safari have a pop-up that informs the user they need to change their security settings to allow functionality when they try to "Like", "+1", or "Digg" a story, ad, or other?


I have no idea as I rarely use Safari... or the whole "+1, Like, Digg" thing.

It sounds to me like Google simply utilized a well documented exploit that was originally reported several years ago to work around shoddy browser implementation.


And that is entirely possible however that does not invalidate my post mocking those who want to use "Poster Children" as the ones to attack over an issue be it Apple with the Foxconn workers or Google using an exploit in Safari that other companies are using to track users.
@theFunkDoctorSpoc The real problem is that you guys didn't read the article... If Google did this on purpose then yes they were wrong but, Apple turned the settings on that made the cookies and not Google!
@Pete "athynz" Athens +1000!!
@Peter Perry ... You are trying to hard again, some more, still.

Pagan jim
@James Quinn And you're not using your head... If more than one company is exploiting the browser, then it is a known exploit!
0 Votes
+ -
So? People use to build forts and castles?
James Quinn Updated - 17th Feb
@Peter Perry ... As a rule they were very secure structures but enemies often found known holes and exploited them like attacking through the sewer system. YUCK but there you have it. Or surrounding a fort and not allowing the occupants to get to water and or food. You can keep trying to deflect away from Google's crime here but they are the bad guys here.

Pagan jim
@James Quinn Bingo...I'm sure it stings him just a weeeee bit.
0 Votes
+ -
go play games Friv200.com
pjckmen 17th Feb
@James Quinn
one likes playing games come on Y8
  • Flagged
@James Quinn Apple had this on by default and you're arguing as though Google turned it on... Read the last 2 paragraphs of the article and you will see what i am saying.
@Peter Perry

The reality is, pretty much any piece of software is going to have a vulnerability or two at one point or another. What separates legitimate tech companies from hackers is that legitimate tech companies aren't supposed to exploit vulnerabilities to further their own business.

On a side note, Google's defense of their actions is one of the most hilarious applications of "it's a feature not a bug" that I've seen of late. But I guess that doesn't apply to the Google Wallet flaw that many Google supporters wrote off because "it's no different than losing my wallet and someone getting ahold of my credit cards".
@piousmonk Very true and you think I am arguing very thing... These companies need to address these things.
@piousmonk

Have you ever written for IE6? I'm assuming not. Google has absolutely no obligation to conform to Apple's notions of programming. The USER wanted use the functionality. Safari's implementation clearly fell down, because it didn't allow the USER to do what the USER wanted. Google did not use the exploit to do anything outside the scope of GOOGLE'S agreement with their USERS. APPLE and SAFARI shouldn't be relevant.

Seriously, the Google Wallet thing again? I think it's got to be truth in advertising. The gist of that story was that having your Google Wallet stolen is only slightly more secure than having your wallet wallet stolen and that oh yeah, you only need to go to one place to cancel everything instead of calling each company up and giving them your credit card info. Oh noes! Google didn't redesign the universe without mean poeples in it! Whaaaa!
0 Votes
+ -
You can't be serious?
SmoothDouglas 17th Feb
@Peter Perry

With your logic the next time one of my kids goes into their sibling's room and takes a toy from them without asking, I'll blame it on myself for not putting locks on the doors. When my neighbor steals my newspaper out of my mailbox, it's my fault for not putting an alarm on my mailbox. If my dog gets out of the yard and bites my neighbor in his backyard, it's not my fault...it's his for leaving the gate to his backyard open.

Quit trying to justify something that is clearly wrong.
@SmoothDouglas He is, the knee pads say "Goo" "gle"
  • Flagged
@SmoothDouglas

Except the analogy is more like your son wanted to leave your daughter a drawing he made for her, but couldn't because you'd locked her in her room and didn't tell her how to unlock it, so he had to slip it under her door.
@SmoothDouglas Your analogy has no meaning. This is more like one of your kids requesting a toy, the other kid saying yes, and both being blocked by a gate put up by a random stranger in your house.

Google provided a service requested BY THEIR USERS, in other words, the same people who are using Safari, and wanted to do this, but were blocked by default.

Quit trying to demonize something people actually requested to do with their own device.
@SmoothDouglas Read the last two paragraphs, Apple did it to themselves!
@Peter Perry
Some exploits are unavoidable. To further on someone else's analogy of building a house and leaving it unlocked. That's not really the case here. Software built these days require legitimate connections, like a door on your house. They come with locks, but the lock can be picked, or the door could be broken down. Any security that is built can be un-built by another individual. Nothing is 100% secure. If it was, it wouldn't be useful to anyone as no one would be able to get in or out. Your apologist approach to Google's "evil" ways is not helping anyone.
@Peter Perry, I agree with your point, this blog column and the Wall Street Journal is reporting this store using the wrong slant. Apple has marketed themselves as the "secure" consumer provider of computer products (remember the TV adds a few years back). Were I differ from your point of view is I feel Google did nothing wrong by exploiting a flaw in Safari.
@toomuchtime

As I read it, the other browsers don't block 3rd party cookies by default.

???Unlike other major browsers, Apple???s Safari browser blocks third-party cookies by default.

If this is the case, then how can it be a true security threat or "exploit" if Chrome, IE, and Firefox, etc. allow the behavior? This has little to do with security or else all of the browsers would lock it down by default.

As a Safari AND a Google user, I do want to be able to use both services. There is a lot more sensationalism here than there is a real issue ..
@toomuchtime I am not saying they did, but the question posed by the article was did Google Trick Apple? I am daying if they did then they were wrong.
@Peter Perry
Let's hope that we users can EXPECT a company to do the RIGHT THING and not steal the candy becuase the darn lid is off the jar.
@daves1646

Your car is your personal property. It has an alarm on it and everything. If I was walking through a parking lot and saw someone with a flat tire, I used to stick a note in their driver's side window, you know, between the glass and the seal. Now, that sometimes sets off alarms. So, I put it under their wiper instead, to circumvent the measure. By your measure, my act is vandalism specifically executed to circumvent your security measures. Google stored a blank cookie that expired in 12 hours to get around shoddy implementation. That's it.
@Peter Perry

Google is strait up EVIL...why is anyone supporting this company? They're crooks in fine suits with overpriced stock. They should be held accountable for this sort of practice. As for Safari I don't know why anyone would want that POS or Chrome for that matter. IE9 is plenty safe...it may be a few milli-seconds slower but who cares!
@Peter Perry WOW spoken like a true ACLU fan.
@ItsTheBottomLine Try ACLJ! Now go read the article before you make yourself out to be an even bigger ass.
0 Votes
+ -
@Peter Perry
No matter the platform, a networked computer having known or unknown vulnerabilities will soon be attacked for CRIMINAL, MALICIOUS, or in this case for exposed GREEDY MALICIOUS BEHAVIOR. It may take the criminal element for exposing their vulnerabilities, and patches will be applied in time, and more vulnerabilities will be found for the process to start again. Focusing on the platforms are fruitless endeavors as is bragging that one is really any more secure than another. Play the blame game only on the parties who benefit by MALICIOUS activity and the profits accounted to their activities. You I find humorous because I feel you would consider Anonymous a hero for infringing on any platform but maybe your blessed Android or taking Down Google or Facebook for a day. Vulnerabilities such as those in children will always be there. The pedophile should be incarcerated not forgiven as should anyone who profits from security vulnerabilities.
@tkejlboom

We testing IE10. IE 6 is 11 years old, no reason for you to honor it.
Parse for the browser version and if it is IE6 give them a page of current browsers to load. Just because IE6 it is out there you don't have to code for it.
@Peter Perry

If it was Microsoft or Apple doing this to Chrome... You (and Linux Geek) would be screaming bloody murder.

You just can't seem to face the fact that Google has become more evil than either of it's competitors.
@eak2000 Try reading the article... Then speak! I have both Apple and Windows computers... Can you same you use all 3 environments daily?
@eak2000 Sorry, but you can stop trolling.

As a Linux geek, I do not support or accept what Google has now done. As even that isn't evil, it is morally wrong.

Even that many malware sites and most advertisers use that technic to insert a cookie for tracking, it does not give a excuse to Google to do same.

There is no a hole, as there is a reason why we need to allow a cookie on sites where there is a form, as when a person enters to site, was it then to enter data to tax pages or online ordering form, we need to have a cookie what tells a server from what page user is coming and what page user has already entered.

It is widely known technic among web developers (mostly others than those who just use somekind fancy WYSIWYG editors who does not know so much about technology itself).
Now we can blame Google, but not just Google, but every advertiser as well. Every ad, every website and every browser developer can be blamed.

Sorry, but WWW is ruined by the commercial companies. Internet is still free, but WWW is ruined, it is filled with tracking mechanism, ads, pop-ups, malware and piracy.

We do not need to clean or restrict Internet, but the WWW. As most people don't even know what Internet is but they mistake it to WWW.

So STOP trolling that Linux geeks would be screaming bloody murder if it would be someone else doing this than Google. Because almost EVERYONE ELSE is doing it and it does not make it OK even when a Google does it.

It is just now that anti-Google and anti-Linux fans got some reason to blame, but they do not blame from reason, but just for habit and joy. And they don't know that others have already knowledged these problems and have tried to solve them, without success because anti-google and anti-linux fans are keeping their focus on totally different (useless) subjects than where the problem really exist.
0 Votes
+ -
Spin spin spin
han@... 19th Feb
@Peter Perry

Indeed. The author of the report chose to spin the story in a way that leaves Apple looking like an innocent baby, even though they're the ones with the security/privacy issue!

Incredible.

But not unexpected.
@Peter Perry Whatever happened to Google's Don't be Evil slogan, did they change it to Be Evil?
When your only source of revenue is advertising, you'll do whatever you have to do to keep it coming in. Google (as currently constituted) is structurally incapable of existing without violating your privacy.

The spice must flow.
0 Votes
+ -
No they didn't
M.M.Grimes 21st Feb
Anything Google did was covered by their ToS and privacy policy. (Apple does far worse things with theirs). According to the blog, the cookies were enabled through the use of Google services. This is more about attacks on Google's revenue stream vice privacy concerns. At least they don't strip search you at Google. Any comments on that Apple? Anybody who buys anything Apple says is naive.

Join the conversation!

Formatting +
BB Codes - Note: HTML is not supported in forums
  • [b] Bold [/b]
  • [i] Italic [/i]
  • [u] Underline [/u]
  • [s] Strikethrough [/s]
  • [q] "Quote" [/q]
  • [ol][*] 1. Ordered List [/ol]
  • [ul][*] · Unordered List [/ul]
  • [pre] Preformat [/pre]
  • [quote] "Blockquote" [/quote]
ie8 fix

The best of ZDNet, delivered

ZDNet Newsletters

Get the best of ZDNet delivered straight to your inbox

Facebook Activity

White Papers, Webcasts, & Resources
ie8 fix