Between the Lines

Larry Dignan, Andrew Nusca and Rachel King

The future of the Internet: it's in the app

By | May 26, 2011, 3:57pm PDT

Summary: The web is not the future software architecture of the Internet, Forrester chairman George Colony says. It’s the App Internet.

LAS VEGAS — What will the architecture of the future Internet look like? A hint for all you developers out there: it’s in the app.

Forrester chairman and CEO George Colony came storming out of the gate here at the second day of the 2011 Forrester IT Forum, trumpeting the benefits of an “App Internet” world that leaves the PC and cloud computing models IT professionals have come to know in the dust.

Placing the “PC” model (focused on a central group of local servers) in contrast with a web-based cloud model (focused on distributed web-based computing), Colony said the App Internet model — in which powerful local devices run applications — will dominate the future architecture of the Internet.

True, the hardware-based “center” of the network is becoming more powerful, driven by Moore’s Law. But the periphery of network is also becoming powerful, Colony said — leveraging the extraordinary storage and processing power in both places.

“The old PC model is a dead one — it doesn’t leverage cloud assets,” he said. “The web is a dead technology [model]. It is not the future software architecture of the Internet.”

Take Apple, for example. The company — which posts 85 percent revenue growth per year, and 92 percent profit growth — is “lucky” to have stumbled into the App Internet architecture.

“At first [with the iPhone] they were resistant,” Colony said. “It took months to get Apple to build App Internet architecture for billing and advertising.”

Now, Apple’s an “early winner” in the App Internet. Compare that with Google, a company with “high web ideology” that gives it considerable risk for a vendor, he said.

“Google makes 97% of its revenue from web ads,” he said. “It would be like it’s 1984, and Microsoft is competing with Apple — but Microsoft is giving its operating system away for free.”

“Who’s having the steak dinner while [everyone else peers] in the window? Apple,” he said.

But the future is now, Colony said. The App Internet market is already a $2.2 billion business this year worldwide, growing at 8.5 percent compound annual growth rate.

But what about Dell or Hewlett-Packard? With an app store expected on every device, can they reform the PC to fit into the App Internet?

And what of SAP and Oracle? “These guys can pretty quickly get traction in App Internet,” Colony said. “The question is pricing.”

And Microsoft? “Microsoft gets it, to an extent,” he said. “Silverlight could be a fantastic development platform for App Internet.”

And Facebook? “Any company that’s highly web-centric is in trouble. Facebook is very ideological about the web. You’re going to see a social player come in and use App Internet and give them a lot of trouble.”

“If you look at the App Internet, you’re going to see two or three players we’ve never heard of [that dominate].”

But the future is not yet written.

“All of these businesses can shift strategy,” Colony said. “Every 10 years in tech, there’s a big vendor who we think is dying who makes a big comeback. In 1980, it was Intel, moving from DRAM to microprocessors. In 1990, it was IBM [from hardware to services]. In 2000, it’s Apple.”

In 2010, Microsoft is a candidate for reinvention, Colony said. And if history is any lesson, it will require a change of leadership.

So how do you get there? Colony outlined a few points:

  • App developers will need new skills.
  • Biz process must allow no new app without the App Internet. “No new CRM, no configurators,” he said.
  • Generation Y employees will be coming to the office with devices already running on the App Internet.
  • CIOs must practice BT that’s agile, rapid and customer-centric. “Prove you can drive customer centricity by embracing the App Internet,” he said.

Plus, “SharePoint may not be the answer,” he said. But “the fires are burning at Microsoft. Microsoft is going to have to get App Internet religion quickly.”

Why? Because “the cloud is not the final solution. It’s not the hammer that can hit every nail.”

“The cloud is definitely not the solution for the future,” he said.

A daunting screed, for sure. But Colony said the essence of business technology is to stay current — and change is a part of the equation.

The reason: because customers and young employees are already using these devices.

“You wouldn’t be in this business if you didn’t like change,” he said. “If you don’t like change, you should get out of this business. These are the moments we all live for. You have to live for this. It’s never a simple way to live, but it’s reality.”

More quotable quotes:

  • “IEEE researchers benchmarked the iPad 2 to be equivalent to a 1986 8-core Cray 2 — running at 1.65 gigaflops. In 1993 the iPad 2 would have been among the top 30 supercomputers in the world.”
  • “Gilt [Groupe] customers prefer apps to the web 70 to 30 [percent].”
  • “In Q2 2010, Nokia sold 98 million telephones and made $250 million in profit. Apple sold 8 million phones and had $1 billion in profit. That shows you how bad Nokia’s business has been.”

More from the 2011 Forrester IT Forum on ZDNet:

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Andrew J. Nusca is associate editor of ZDNet and editor of SmartPlanet.

Disclosure

Andrew Nusca

Andrew J. Nusca does not hold any investments in the technology companies he covers.

Biography

Andrew Nusca

Editor

Andrew J. Nusca is an associate editor at ZDNet and editor of SmartPlanet. As a journalist based in New York City, he has written for Popular Mechanics and Men's Vogue and his byline has appeared in New York magazine, The Huffington Post, New York Daily News, Editor & Publisher, New York Press and many others. He also writes The Editorialiste, a media criticism blog.

He is a New York University graduate and former news editor and columnist of the Washington Square News. He is a graduate of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He has been named "Howard Kurtz, Jr." by film critic John Lichman despite having no relation to him. He lives in his native Philadelphia with his wife, cat and Boston Terrier.

Follow him on Twitter.

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RE: The future of the Internet: it's in the app
waseem.parkar@... 31st May
Well The Mozilla Foundation figured as much with the XUL initiative as well as the Prism Project
Just stunning. HTML 5 promises to be the grand unifying theory of the "App Internet", and Forrester when speaking of this does not even mention it.

Do not pay money for advice from a company this unfathomably ignorant.
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@meh130@... Explain me how HTML5 will be more robust then Silverlight/Flash or an iOS App?
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@MSFTWorshipper
The majority of the current apps for iOS that utilize the internet for more than just a "call home" are not much more than glodified bookmarks.
While this may be a relevant comment from Forrester, I really wonder how true it is.
Take a moment and pull up some iOS apps that run internet material. Take the same sites and open in an iOS web page (safari). Now go do the same from Chrome or ie9 or FF or Opera from Win7 or OSX or Linux.
There is a world of difference in content access.
Apps as the future?
Not yet.
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@MSFTWorshipper I'll take Microsoft's word for it. They have said they see HTML5 as the future of 'Aps'. Google is still trying to go with a closed system in Android (Java based). Microsoft would like to have the Video portion be Silverlight, but I think that over more than 2 years, that an open standard like MP8 will win, just because for the same cost, it's free.
@meh130@... It would be counter to the gist of Forrester's presentation to mention HTML 5. HTML 5 is browser-based and is part of the web-centric theory that they're arguing against.

I personally think people are getting apped out. HTML 5 has the promise to deliver robust content across a lot of different devices and the content can be presented uniquely to each device -- to me there still seems to be a bright future here. Write once and then tweak the presentation for individual device types.

There is much more overhead to creating true apps that run natively on devices. Native apps will still remain important for situations when performance is an issue or when there is a functional piece not supported by HTML 5.
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@K B Javascript is Turing complete. in a cloud based scenerio, it will run in Javascript. It will run slowly, but it will run. If you need more power, it will run remotely. many of the apps I run no my Android phone, are basicly bookmarks to remote services. (for example, the phone for communication, Google maps, and the news.) The light games that the kids like run on the phone, as does the book reader that I actually use for recreation.
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RE: The future of the Internet: it's in the app
Ralph Purtscher-Wydenbruck Updated - 27th May
@meh130@...
Hmm, they are not ignorant.

1. Try developing a small application, one that you would sell for, say, $1 and marketing via the internet. You would be lucky to get listed within the first 1000 pages for many of them. The draw of the app-store is a much higher signal:noise ratio

2. Please point out an HTML5 "app" that makes use of custom touch gestures, GPS, raw camera / microphone data, your address book, your local photo / video library

3. What about the convenience of single-sign on? When I log into my phone, I'm authenticated once for all apps.

4. Far quicker loading times that a web page.

5. A richer programming model. The W3C have to be conservative, and must therefore follow on features rather than being at the "bleeding edge". Check out the feature list for Silverlight for example.

6. A consistent and productive programming model. HTML and scripting are useful, but old, inconsistent across platforms, inflexible and unproductive. Programming models have moved on a long way.

All in all, App internet solves a lot of the issues that are just plain broken with HTML. So I say, long live app internet - it's not the only model, but it adds so much value you wouldn't know what you were talking about if you thought otherwise.

I've put "some thoughts on paper" on this subject here:

http://hopschwiiz.blogspot.com/2011/02/cloud-computing-is-dead-get-ready-for.html
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@Ralph Purtscher-Wydenbruck
What you write sounds good but is polar opposite for the majority of my iPad apps that use internet content.
For most cases, while it may not be as "quick" (we are talking seconds or less) the basic internet content is richer.
When I go to a service where I have all content (non-iOS) it gets even better.

Where is the disconnect?
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@Ralph Purtscher-Wydenbruck I don't think you have any idea what is possible with HTML5 already.

But as an examlpe I'll answer point 1 and 2. The answer ? Just use a simple framework like PhoneGap which allows to get your HTML5 app in the app stores and allows it to run on all platforms without having to change the app.
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@meh130@...
one is born every minute!
"Forrester chairman and CEO . . ."

Oh, Forrester?

Yeah, don't pay attention to them.

"The old PC model is a dead one ? it doesn?t leverage cloud assets"

Uh, what?

This is a broad, wrong statement. Apps like Steam use the "cloud" plenty.

"With an app store expected on every device, can they reform the PC to fit into the App Internet?"

Talking about apps like Steam wink.

YES. And they already exist, in the forms of Steam and Impulse. Eventually I hope some form of app store will be built into the OS itself.

"Microsoft is going to have to get App Internet religion quickly."

And this is why I don't like Forrester. Treating technologies like religions is dangerous.

"the cloud is not the final solution. It?s not the hammer that can hit every nail."

I've been saying this ever since the terms "web 2.0" and "cloud" were invented. And now Forrester finally realizes it, eh?
@CobraA1

I totally agree... PC is not dead and please Forrester, how does an app internet pose itself better? When something installed locally then the device is not dependent on any network. Furthermore cloud apps are like the bastard child of the true applications itself. True speed and usability as well on a screen that is of better quality and viewing space. I highly doubt graphic designers and others are going to want to look at screens from 3" to 10"... No detail and never rich. Cloud is all fail and their apps are all small.

Did anyone tell him about Intel AppUp? Or Steam? Real applications that involve the cloud and are locally stored so you're never left out in the cold when your cloud evaporates? Yeah bout that.
@audidiablo - Well, indeed the PC is not dead - yet... But it is truly moving along that path. Origonal architecture of the PC for flexibility is less and less necessary. Apps will take over, and, major point is they do need to interoperate - not be OS or device specific, as many are now. THAT does mean the "Internet" must involve some level of software development. And I believe Forrester is either overlooking that point, or perhaps purposely shunning it because it doesn't fit their concepts. The migration will continue, no matter what any kind of senior manager may be wont to proclaim. Market forces drive, not company policies or "vision".
@audidiablo

"Cloud is all fail and their apps are all small. "

I wouldn't say "cloud" is all fail, although I do wish people would stop using that word, as it's basically meaningless.

No, there are some good internet apps - I've switched to gmail for my email.

IMO the future is in hybrids and app stores, combining the best of both worlds.


"Well, indeed the PC is not dead - yet... But it is truly moving along that path."

I disagree. It's not as important, but it's not dying either. It will change in the future - but I think the idea of the PC becoming dumber and less capable of offline apps is not the direction it will take.

"Origonal architecture of the PC for flexibility is less and less necessary. "

I disagree. The flexibility of the PC is still used by a lot of people, and I don't see that going away. Indeed, it is that flexibility that is allowing all of these other devices to exist, as they are taking PC tech and shrinking it down.

I think the need for flexibility will grow, not shrink.

"THAT does mean the 'Internet' must involve some level of software development."

Agree, I think the Internet as we know it will change a lot in the future. HTML 5 is just the beginning.
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@audidiablo - you and CobraA1 are both absolutely right.
It's just a software repository. We've had them on Linux and BSD for years. How does this make the web dead? Uninformed. Truly stupid.
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It is absolutely neutral insofar as what technology runs the app; a cloud architecture is more than happy to let the phone run its pretty little CocoaTouch UI or whathaveyou.

The cloud is about providing the middle tier, and buffering your application state data and storage on the Internet, so that if something happens to your device (reset or replaced), or if you use an alternate device - you pick up where you left off.

So I'm not even sure what the point of the article is... app world, web world, html5 world... the cloud can play with it all.
Whatever is the most user friendly and accessible on most, if not all devices will be the future. That's pretty much what apps are.
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Fully-web-based solutions won't work generally as wireless broadband will remain patchy for most people.

Fully local solutions will be dull, as there are hardly any that don't benefit from online integration.

Apps remove some of the friction involved in installing and running software, handling identity etc., so some of the more interesting applications (and more dubious in terms of privacy etc.) may well come from Apps.

More of this kind of stuff in an article I just wrote for O'Reilly's Radar ( http://oreil.ly/mRBYHg ).

Nice simple soundbites will start debate, but the reality of what kind of technologies become mainstream is way more messy....

Peter
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@011010100010100 Luckily HTML5 apps have offline support. happy
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Isn't this the same article I read 10 years ago saying the exact same thing? Or was that 15+ when Netscape went public?
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Couldn't agree less
gbouchard99@... 27th May
The future of the Internet is In HTML5 / CSS3 full implementation. Server technologies will do the rest (ASP.NE, PHP, Python, Ruby). Apps have to work on non standard platforms... and that fact is a bottleneck in therm of distribution, adoption, developpement, distribution etc... HTML is : compatible, acessible, fast, easy to developp and maintain.... and it runs anywhere
@gbouchard99@... - Sounds a lot like "What goes around comes around"... Thinking of earlier days when a VAX or DECstation was the "central repository", and terminals were the Human interface (mostly)... Oversimplifed, of course, but so similar.... Then came networking, &" distributed computing", which caused endless headaches for beancounters to integrate costs into the business - now "back to the cloud".... Heh
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@Willnott

There is a difference. These are not dumb terminals, not thin clients. These devices are Fat Clients. The devices will do locally what they can. The rest will be networked out. A good PC does the same with server databases.

For the future, I see a home with a PC like server. Users will have tablets and wifi links. If more power is needed than the home server, then you will go out to the internet. Your tablet may be a phone sized device, a book sized device, or a wall sized device. That won't make any difference. You will be able to access services non locally too. The pieces are already falling into place.
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@Willnott I think you think the HTML5/JS applications need always-on, offline-support and friends already exist in HTML5.
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Rubbish
kieran@... 27th May
This article is a load of meaningless buzzwords strung together incoherantly. It neither makes any interesting predictions about the future nor shows any interesting observations about the present.

Move along..
@kieran@...
LMAO!!
Good stuff!
It does sound a bit like a public spokesperson talking to reporters at a crime scene..... wink
LOL The internet has no future and our future does not lie with computers apps or the internet.

Abandon computers and technology will all due haste !!!
@X41 ... Wail, hail - Ahm sittin hear in mah cornfiel an thishere "app" on mah newfangly phone says its gonna rain in an hour... Shore hope it's on track cause we gotta do some preparation fer that...
@Willnott
Should have signed it with something along the lines of
"Billy Joe Ray Bob Simth"
wink
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Need an app to search for all apps.
binuvarghese 27th May
People work with hundreds of vendors. Each vendor will have hundreds of apps. Now you need to an app to search for an app. I thought we had this problem in windows that is why we moved from apps to browser based apps. Now you are asking the world to go back 15 years. I am all for it, if there is money for me. If you are grabbing to make all the money and want me to pay for your apps, forget it. It would be lot of money for developers like me, if smart companies decide to go back 15 years in new ways. Go Forester!!! Sell the crapp out of apps. Apps are not crapps, it is frapps for me!!
@binuvarghese
That is my single biggest issue with the iTunes App Store; how the heck do I find what I want?
Use the built in iTunes search? Doesn't show me everything in a category...
Use the built in Genuis feature? That works so poorly in so many ways...
Search the internet (Google it!) for other peoples opinions...

Good or bad, I get the best results currently using Amazon for Andriod apps. Gives me the best options and flexibility. May not be the best, but all others have bigger issues.

Yes; I have an i4, Nexus and iPad...... ASUS coming soon...
grin
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Utterly Confused.
gallienus1 27th May
Okay I've read this article twice and I'm still totally confused. I thought I had a pretty good grasp of the difference between applications, apps, and cloud computing. Maybe I'm not comprehending it because I don't have an iPhone, iPad, Android cell phone, or Honeycomb tablet. I'll give you my take on things and if some kind soul would please take the time and enlighten me as to exactly what I'm missing.

Application, runs on a pc or laptop. Processor and ram intensive. Feature rich and powerful, i.e. Word Excel, photoshop. Program and data are stored locally and processing is done on the local processor. (For the sake of brevity I'm not going to go into virtualization)

Cloud, applications and data are stored remotely. Programs have fewer features than standard applications and require less processing power. Users access programs through a web browser and an internet connection is required to use them and access data.

Apps, apps and data are stored locally. Currently app features would be on par with a cloud based program. Apps are designed to do one or a few tasks well i.e. banking, trip planning, calender. (Perhaps this is my own ignorance but I think anything that runs on a cell phone or tablet would be closer to google docs than MS Office in features and cpu requirements.) User data is stored locally application specific data would require an internet connection, otherwise no internet connection is required to use the program.

From a development stand point going from applications to apps would seem to be a definite win. You have a program that's designed to do a limited number of things efficiently and it's not bloated with useless features. That means a smaller more manageable code base, easier to maintain, and with fewer bugs.

I don't see why a pc or laptop can't be part of this app internet. Why because I can't put my pc in my pocket and a laptop's screen is bigger than 10 inches?

Also why is Apple more app web centric than google? They both have an operating system and they both control their app store. The analogy about google being like Microsoft only giving it's os away for free is apt. Just like in the hey day of the os wars Apple's os ran on only Apple hardware, as does iOS today. Windows ran on any x86 hardware made by anyone, android can be licensed to run on any non-apple phone. If the iPhone and iPad stay on the cutting edge and remain popular apple will do great. If sales for android phones and tablets are only fair then because of the number of Android based devices Google will do great.

I just don't get this guy's point. My take on what he's saying is this. The future of computing for the vast majority of users in the Motorola Atrix or an iPhone with a docking station.

I could go on about the security risks to corporate it if most employees are using a computer that could fit in your pocket but this is already long enough.

So, that's my take could someone please tell me what I'm not understanding ?
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@gallienus1

The new devices are not as powerful as a full sized PC, no more powerful really than an old 486. In future, they will get more powerful, but will probably never catch up with a PC/Server. I think that PC's will slowly morph into local servers. On some OS systems, this is already happening.
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@YetAnotherBob
Not true.
We already have dual core with quad core in the pipeline.
Nothing saying a dock (like Atrix) can not have a secondary processor to enhance functionality.
The hardware capabilities will far outstrip the software functionality.

@gallienus1
One point I would like to add, with the continued increase in small storage capability, what is stopping app designers from following in the footsteps of current software designers?
Bloat.
I look back fondly to the days when we as programmers used to challenge each other to see how small and tight of a code we could write. Those days are looooong gone.
Sadly.
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I believe
CowLauncher 28th May
that the underlining structure needs to be web-based. How devices choose to interpret that information, whether a browser or a native app, is of little importance. Content producers and developers should only have to author apps once. Any more than that is backward.

We have seen a glut in native mobile apps, but I see this as not a trend but as a direct result of the leader choosing not to support the obsolete browser plug-in method. As HTML 5+ matures we will see more developers go to web based applications solely as opposed to building native apps for every bloody device out there. Again if a device maker wants to suck that code into a native app, go nuts. Compiled code for displaying internet content on a mobile device is almost as backward as browser plug-ins like Flash and Silverlight but still necessary at this point in time.

As for doing everything in the cloud...I can't see this happening and not because it isn't possible, but because people like to be in physical possession of their stuff. Apple nails it...copies of your stuff or the stuff you want is available in the cloud, but the master is safe at home on your gear.
Dear Readers,

This is Lakshman Bulusu, an IT professional for sweet sixteen years working in the US. Here are my opinions about this blog article by Mr.Andrew Nusca. As stated in this article, I think Mr. George Colony is very correct in his opinion that The Future of the Inernet is the "App Internet". I just can't think of any corner of business-IT that Apple apps have not touched and for that matter any other App as globally recognized as that of Apple's. Just imagine what Facebook was a year ago and what it is today. The delta is pervasively wide. And to imagine that today's Facebook is gong to be sidelined by "App Inernet" where you have not just your earlier PC, not just your earlier Web and current Facebook, but your "my business, my world, my way" in the palm of your hand" - is akin to thinking that we are living our "real lives" in space today. The new Internet is going to be "My AppBook" where businesses will run right from the palm of one's hand instead of running in sky-high offices, high-profile Web-Video-Internet Conferences or an mix/match of both. Just imagine the global business world running from anywhere and everywhere at the same time - This is what the "App Internet" will deliver ultimately. This is how I envision its future. There will be no need for any other one particular platform where a business will have to need it. It doesn't matter HTML5 or Flash or for that matter any other technology underneath - what matters is the incredibly diminishing operational business enterprise footprint at a time users, information, and price (in some cases) are growing at an exponential rate. This is like a supercomputer being replaced a supercomputing-enabled " app" computer that can fit into the palm of one's hand with the end -to-end connectivity being part of the package itself. I just can't wait to see the light of that day!......

Please let know your feedback on my feedback! I am always willing to share and learn from one and all - after all knowledge is power and that is what led us to the current innovation in the first place.

Thanks,

Lakshman Bulusu
balakshman@yahoo.com
New Jersey, USA.
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RE: The future of the Internet: it's in the app
LavarockDavidson Updated - 30th May
That's why MSFT has so much invested in the clouds!
http://tinyurl.com/24gaex
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Well The Mozilla Foundation figured as much with the XUL initiative as well as the Prism Project

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