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Human-powered 'flapping-wing' plane first ever to take flight (video)

By | September 22, 2010, 5:45pm PDT

Over half a millennium ago, Leonardo da Vinci sketched the first human-powered ornithopter. For centuries since, engineers have attempted to build a human-powered aircraft with flapping wings. Now, a University of Toronto PhD candidate made aviation history with the first ornithopter of its kind to fly continuously.

Credit: Todd Reichert, University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS)

Credit: Todd Reichert, University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS)

Todd Reichert has achieved what’s believed to be an aviation first.  He built a human-powered aircraft,  “Snowbird,” with flapping wings which he hopes has set a world record.  Under his power and control, the wing-flapping device sustained both altitude and airspeed for 19.3 seconds, and covered a distance of over 475 feet at an average speed of 15.9 miles per hour.

Built from carbon fiber, foam, and balsa wood, the Snowbird weighs just 94 lbs. and has a wingspan of 105 feet, which is comparable to that of a Boeing 737–amazingly, the Snowbird weighs less than all of the pillows on board.

The record-breaking flight occurred on August 2 at the Great Lakes Gliding Club in Tottenham, Ont., and was witnessed by the vice-president of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), the world-governing body for air sports and aeronautical world records.  According to a university release, the official record claim was filed this month, and the FAI is expected to confirm the ornithopter’s world record at its meeting in October.

An article covering the project back in 2004 explains how a human-powered ornithopter works:

The full-scale ornithopter is an engine powered aircraft that carries one pilot. All of the thrust and nearly all of the lift is created by the mechanical flapping of the ornithopter’s wings. The two wings of the craft are joined by a centre section which is moved up and down by pylons connected to the drivetrain. The wings’ thrust is due primarily to a low-pressure region around the leading edge, which integrates to provide a force known as “leading-edge suction”. The wings also passively twist in response to the flapping. This is due to a structure that is torsionally compliant in just the right amount to allow efficient thrusting (”aeroelastic tailoring”). It should be noted, though, that twisting is required only to prevent flow separation on sections along the wing. It does not produce thrust in the same way as required by sharp-edged wings with little leading-edge suction.

The accomplishment took more than Reichert’s will and dedication. The Snowbird development team also included a couple of University of Toronto students, community volunteers, and UTIAS Professor Emeritus James D. DeLaurier, who laid much of the foundation for a full-scale piloted omithopter.

“Throughout history, countless men and women have dreamt of flying like a bird under their own power, and hundreds, if not thousands have attempted to achieve it. This represents one of the last of the aviation firsts,” said Reichert.

HPO The Snowbird from U of T Engineering on Vimeo.

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Christopher Jablonski is a freelance technology writer.

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Chris Jablonski

Christopher Jablonski has no business relationships, affiliations, investments, or other actual/potential conflicts of interest relating to the content posted so far on this blog.

Biography

Chris Jablonski

Christopher Jablonski is a freelance technology writer. Previously, he held research analyst positions in the IT industry and was the manager of marketing editorial at CBS Interactive. He's been contributing to ZDNet since 2003.

Christopher received a bachelor's degree in business administration from the University of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign. With over 12 years in IT, he's an expert on transformational technologies, particularly those influential in B2B.

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RE: Human-powered 'flapping-wing' plane first ever to take flight (video)
nestdrive 6th Oct
@meimeili The difference between the Nation High School right word and the almost right word is really a large matter ??? it's the difference between Online Education a lightning bug and the lightning.
But it doesnt run Modern Warfare 2, so who cares.

Nah lol, that's wicked-awesome. Looked like some sort of serene, majestic bird right at the end. You'd have to be very, very in-shape to engage in any distanced "flights" though.
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Just catch a thermal.
frgough 22nd Sep 2010
what you saw in action was a glider, not a human-powered ornithopter.
@frgough I will forward this article to him. Pretty sure he will have a good read. Thanks for sharing!
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@frgough I am looking forward for your next post, I will try to get the hang of it!
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@meimeili Thanks for sharing. i really appreciate it that you shared with us such a informative post..
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@meimeili The difference between the Nation High School right word and the almost right word is really a large matter ??? it's the difference between Online Education a lightning bug and the lightning.
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Hmm. Towed into the air by a car
frgough 22nd Sep 2010
doesn't quite qualify as human-powered. Look at the video closely. What you see is a glider in operation. The bendy wings didn't do jack squat. The glider was towed into the air by a car, then glided for 19.3 seconds while the pilot made the wings go bendy, bendy.
@frgough

One of the few times I agree with you. It's a glider with bendy wings that needed a tow to get airborne.

When they produce one which gets airborne under its own power (human or mechanical, internal) and can flap around like a birdie, then I'll accept it as a "first". It'd be nice if it could VTOL like a birdie, but that would be an additional feature, in my book.
car is a cheat is it not? Still it might be amusing to think that the old joke about I just flew in from Chicago and boy are my arms tired might actually no longer a play on words but simply a fact:P

Pagan jim
How long do you think the best sailplane moving at that (very low) speed would travel before it dropped 5 m? Very, very little distance. The fact is that lift and thrust provided by the flapping of the wings keeps the plane travelling level (and in fact rising for a little way). It was not operating as a glider, and if the pilot had been able to continue supplying the same power, it could have flown on for mile after mile.
A very interesting posting and congratulation to UTIAS for this history-making demonstration.
Unfortunately the low power to weight ratio (of a man) and the inflexibility of the wing means that forward thrust, and so lift is limited. So any flapping flight from this ornithopter will be limited in attainable hight and distance. If the wing could reduce surface area on the up stroke (like birds do) then less drag and more forward thrust (and so lift) will be generated.
It's an interesting idea that I wish them luck with further development.

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