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Hardware 2.0

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes

The PC industry is heading for collapse

By | January 20, 2012, 5:51am PST

Summary: Two enormous warning signs that the PC industry as we know it is eroding away from under the OEMs.

Over the past few days I’ve talked a lot about how we’re leaving behind the PC era and moving instead to a ‘post-PC’ era. One consequence of a shift away from the traditional PC towards devices such as tablets and smartphones is that the people will need fewer PCs. And PC makers better be prepared, because the entire industry is heading for a collapse.

Horace Dediu of Asymco and technical writer Jeremy Reimer have pulled together extensive historical data which covers the rise (and fall) of computing platforms since 1975, including the PC.

There’s are several aspects of this chart that are worth noting:

  • The sustained pressure that the PC has been under from new platform over the past decade, after pretty much having the 1990s all to itself.
  • The insane growth that platforms such as the iPhone, iPad and Android have experienced over the past few years.
  • Despite what you might hear and read elsewhere, the iPad is not a niche device. As Dediu points out, after less than two years enough units have been sold to put it within an order of magnitude of all PCs sold. That’s incredible growth.
  • Android phones are doing much better. We can easily expect Android handsets to outsell PCs by the end of the year.
  • New platforms such as the iOS and Android have represented the first real challenge to the dominance of the PC since 1991 (where the PC was put under pressure by Macintosh and Amiga.

If we take a look at a second chart which shows market share over time, we can begin to see just how disruptive the combination of Android, iPhone and iPad have been, pushing the PC market share to under 50% in a few years.

So, PC shipments are flat-lining, and the market share of the platform has fallen to below 50%. Those are two enormous warning signs that the PC industry as we know it is eroding away from under the OEMs. It’s no wonder that the OEMs are desperate to break into the tablet and smartphone market and capture just a little of that market share back.

Is this a permanent collapse or just a blip? Well, historically we’re in uncharted territory and we’ve got nothing to go on (the blip of 1991 was much smaller and shorter). Judging by the scale of the collapse this time, and the fact that we’re not seeing much in the way of innovation in the PC market (I don’t see touch, ultrabooks and Windows 8 being enough to turn the tide), it’s hard to see what OEMs or Microsoft can do to stimulate PC sales. There’s little wriggle room with respect to pricing either, with OEM margins already razor thin. And the problem with collapsing sales and tight margins is that there’s even less room for innovation, which in turn further dampens sales.

The ‘post-PC’ era is coming … and much faster than we might have anticipated.

Poll

Is the PC industry headed for collapse?

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Adrian Kingsley-Hughes is an internationally published technology author who has devoted over a decade to helping users get the most from technology.

Disclosure

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes

All opinions expressed on Hardware 2.0 are those of Adrian Kingsley-Hughes. Every effort is made to ensure that the information posted is accurate. If you have any comments, queries or corrections, please contact Adrian via the email link here. Any possible conflicts of interest will be posted below. [Updated: February 23, 2010] - Adrian Kingsley-Hughes has no business relationships, affiliations, investments, or other actual/potential conflicts of interest relating to the content posted so far on this blog.

Biography

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes

Adrian Kingsley-Hughes is an internationally published technology author who has devoted over a decade to helping users get the most from technology -- whether that be by learning to program, building a PC from a pile of parts, or helping them get the most from their new MP3 player or digital camera.

Adrian has authored/co-authored technical books on a variety of topics, ranging from programming to building and maintaining PCs. His most recent books include "Build the Ultimate Custom PC", "Beginning Programming" and "The PC Doctor's Fix It Yourself Guide". He has also written training manuals that have been used by a number of Fortune 500 companies.

Adrian also runs a popular blog under the name The PC Doctor, where he covers a range of computer-related topics -- from security to repairing and upgrading.

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Supply will rationalise with fewer players
Patanjali 20th Mar
Just like any industry in stalling growth.
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headed for collapse.
My desktop is a PC.
My "tablet" is a PC.
My mobile phone is a PC.
My laptop is a PC.
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@davebarnes You are right. It is just different packaging. They all compute and are personal devices. Their usefulness depends on the user's needs.
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NO!
D.T.Long 20th Jan
@bobfastner

There is a BIG difference between a personal computer and a PC. Tablets and smartphones are personal computers or computing devices, but they are NOT PCs. A PC is a fairly specific type of device.

Also, a Mac is a personal computer, but NOT a PC
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PC
Dietrich T. Schmitz * Your Linux Advocate 20th Jan
@D.T.Long

If you are old enough to remember or even used one (Me), this is a PC.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC

This is your brain on drugs:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fried_eggs

A mind is a terrible thing to waste.
@D.T.Long...of Personal Computer vs PC?

Pagan jim
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A Mac is a Mac
ScorpioBlue 20th Jan
Contrary to MS fanbui revisionist theory.
@Pagan jim

So I guess in your world a Mac is a PC? All the ridiculous fanboi posts here are just a figment of my imagination?
  • Flagged
@ D.T.Long
so, uh, how do you define this PC beyond specific device?
And what ridiculous fanboy posts are you referring to? From the cult of softies? From the Androidites? From the iFans? From the Linuxloyals?
@D.T.Long ... It still did not provide me with two unique definitions of what is excepted by say Websters to be one a Personal Computer and two a PC.

Pagan jim
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It's Not Really Difficult
CFWhitman Updated - 20th Jan
@Pagan jim
It's not really difficult. The IBM series of computers that were launched way back when were called IBM PCs (remember the old ad campaign with a Charlie Chaplin imitator for the first home line of computers called the PCjr (junior))? So at the very least whether PC might possibly be just an abbreviation for personal computer (as I sometimes see it used), or a term meaning the line of IBM PC compatible computers (more often) is a matter of context. In this context, PC is a reference for the IBM PC compatible series of computers.
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@CFWhitman... Did it not mean Personal Computer? Wasn't that part of the pitch?

Pagan jim
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That's Immaterial
CFWhitman Updated - 20th Jan
@Pagan jim
It doesn't matter that IBM adopted the name because it was a reference to the phrase "personal computer." Since they used the name "PC" for their product, you have to be willing to accept the possibility that the name will be used to refer to that line of computers.

That "PC" was a reference to "personal computer" for the original name of the product is no more relevant than the fact that there are a lot of macintosh apples sold that have nothing to do with computing at all, though they taste pretty good.
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Yes.
spdragoo@... 20th Jan
@D.T.Long

PC = Personal Computer.

A "Mac" is a personal computer built by Apple.

A "Windows PC" is a device previously referred to as an "IBM PC", meaning a personal computer either built by IBM, or compatible with IBM's PC architecture (i.e. "IBM clones", "Wintel"), that uses a Windows OS.

A "Linux PC" is a personal computer, usually a Wintel/x86/x64 machine, that uses a Linux OS.
@bobfastner ... PCs.

The term 'PC' is really the short-name for the long-forgotten "IBM PC". Today, most people say "PC" to mean a Windows-based personal computer, as opposed to a Macintosh personal computer but, I suspect, in this case, Adrian means BOTH!

It is true that most people use their personal computers for browsing, e-mail, music, and photos. (This is probably over 90% of the use.) Word processing and spreadsheets probably come in second and bookkeeping (e.g. Quicken) and tax preparation (e.g. TurboTax) probably come in third.

In the last few years, the processing power of smartphones and tablets has made it possible to meet that 90% threshold without having to own a personal computer. Smartphones usually come in at sub-$200 price-points when they are combined with a two-year contract so there is a considerable price-advantage over a personal computer (which now starts at around $400). After two years, most users are willing to lay down $200 for a new smartphone while owners of personal computers will wait three to five years before replacing their device.

That said, the professional user (road warrior, if you will) will buy ans a tablet or e-reader and he will own a smartphone but her cannot/will not give up his personal computer. Neither will the enterprise. So, until we know more about how well Windows 8 will fare, I think it is naive to suggest that the Intel-based Personal Computer (Mac or Win) is going belly-up any time soon.
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Oh woe to the PC industry
klumper Updated - 20th Jan
@mwagner | spdragoo
So, until we know more about how well Windows 8 will fare, I think it is naive to suggest that the Intel-based Personal Computer (Mac or Win) is going belly-up any time soon.

Your comments are a pretty fair assessment. The reach, definition and mishmash of semantics around all of these devices is becoming increasingly blurred, and thus difficult to finger with absolute precision. To each their own and whatever it takes, baby, to meet your unique computing needs.

As for the impending PC "collapse," just ask yourself if you wouldn't mind inheriting the OEM's waves of "troubles," as they swim along like pudgy guppies in a boundless sea of loot. They'll morph and adapt just as they've always done, then determine the markups necessary to push their devices.

Regarding the current headlong rush to small form adoption, how many homes will suddenly forego their next obligatory big box? You know, to get real work done, in full screen trimmings. Right, next to none. And if that isn't enough, there's a largely untapped third-world out there sporting virgin playing fields left to pollute enslave connect.
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RE: The PC industry is heading for collapse
Pete "athynz" Athens 20th Jan
@D.T. Long What part of Personal Computer do you not get? PC is NOT a wintel system but a Personal Computer. A Mac system is still a PC. A Linux system is still a PC. A DOS system - yup, still a PC.

Sure one can point to the IBM PC as a specific device but that does not mean that no other system is not a PC. Otherwise any current wintel system is NOT a PC.

So YES long story and mini rant short a Mac IS a PC.
@ D.T.Long
so, uh, how do you define this PC beyond specific device?
And what ridiculous fanboy posts are you referring to? From the cult of softies? From the Androidites? From the iFans? From the Linuxloyals?
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@davebarnes
I guess Adrian thinks the world is ready to go back to soup cans connected with string and carrier pigeons.
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@davebarnes

On the basis of your definition, if I told someone that I was going to give them a free PC, I could supply any of the stated devices. I think not! Common use of the parlance would indicate that a PC refers only to a desktop computer. The other devices have PC-like capabilities, but those are not PCs.
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@Habiloso
Well said. wink
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Nomenclature Nazis
Tigertank 20th Jan
Yes PC stands for "personal computer." Nobody disputes this.
Yes, the Mac is a personal computer. Nobody disputes this either.
But in a certain context the term PC is meant to distinguish ANY personal computer from one which runs a Microsoft operating system.
Does it make sense? No, but that is how it is used.

It is like People from the United States calling themselves "Americans" when every other country in the (continental) western hemisphere also lives in "America," North or South.
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@Tigertank
stretching a bit.
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@Tigertank - Excellent analogy! Incidentally, what term could USA citizens use to distinguish them from Canadians, Mexicans, Brazilians, etc.? Usanians? Or would they simply refer to themselves relative to their home state as e.g. Californians or Oregonians?
@davebarnes True but the "personal" part of personal computer is under constant attack. Nowadays all of those things are tending to be more locked down, and vendors are taking control of what you may do with them or install on them. They're taking the user out of user experience, eliminating the "personal" and they're even attempting to turn these devices into "appliances" and locking down what may run on/be done with them (assaulting the "computer" part too). If people don't wise up we'll be back to the days when users only had dumb terminals connected to a mainframe controlled by IT but even worse as it'll be controlled by a distant Apple or Microsoft.
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@davebarnes Well you might as well make the argument that my Keurig coffee mark is a PC because it's programmable. Yes, technically all of the above are computers and they are personal. But other than inputs from the field into more powerful systems, not much serious computing work is being done on the mobile devices. I'd retire it in if I had to type on a smart phone all day, or had to stare at a Tablet for 8 hours. When these arguments come up "PC" means the standard desktop computing experience.
Collapse is a very strong word. I think in time the consumer arena will see a downward shift from the PC. Where an entire say 4 member household may only have 1 pc or for some maybe 2. This is due to the simplicity portability and instant on capability of phones and tablets.
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PC Morph
rhonin 20th Jan
@MLHACK

I replaced my HDD with an SSD and added a couple of settings/programs.....
I open the lid, press the button and am running in under 10 seconds on Win7.
I don't see the instant on as a long term change agent specific to phones/tablets.
@rhonin What takes it so long? My i3 Linux box with a SATA HDD only takes 5 seconds to boot up.
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RE: The PC industry is heading for collapse
JohnOfStony Updated - 13th Feb
@rhonin - Instant on existed back in the early 80s when Hard Disc prices were astronomical and OSs and Applications were in ROM. If today's OSs were in ROM (and I don't mean Flash ROM), Microsoft, Apple, etc. would have to get it right first time but it would have the undeniable advantage of the OS being completely immune to viruses. Can the software giants meet such a challenge???
@MLHACK ... My family has multiple personal computers and so do many of the families of my son's classmates. After 3 to 5 years. personal computers often become hand-me-downs to the kids because they still work - but they aren't "fast enough" anymore.

Further most family members have their own smartphones and, as the tablet market heats up, they will have multiple tablets as well.
will render the need for a big box computer obsolete eventually, but the need to sit down at a desk with a large monitor and stack of papers, diagrams, plans etc... will keep a large segment working on some iteration of the desktop for a very long time to come.
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RE: The PC industry is heading for collapse
Pete "athynz" Athens 20th Jan
@MLHACK My 3 member household has 5 PCs... not counting smartphones and tablets/ereaders.
Actually, two or three years ago I dumped my Laptop in favor of a desktop - mainly because you can't beat a PC for comfort when working long hours.

It's true, when I travel I bring a laptop, but only as a VPN terminal to remote into my desktop. Same thing from my house. Just remote in. Gotta love bandwidth.

If you spend any length of time at all in front of a screen doing "real work" (ie. something besides browsing or reading), you can't beat a PC for comfort, and therefore, you'll never see the industry "collapse."
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@Takalok

Gotta admit, there's a certain "Lazy Boy" quality to a dektop PC. Nice big keyboard, a gazillion keys with seemingly infinite travel, a football field worth of space for your mouse, huge ajustable screen, tons of horsepower...
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Drool....
rhonin 20th Jan
@dsf3g
Chuckle!
With the advent of tablets, I can now move back to a desktop, link in and use a tablet for most business travel instead of carting around a notebook.
Like it!
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Couldn't agree more ...
mwagner@... 20th Jan
@Takalok ... The tablet offers convenience and portability. It offers ease of access. But it does not offer productivity. Productivity can only be optimized with a keyboard, a mouse, and a big screen!
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True
Richard Flude Updated - 22nd Jan
I'd say there are two broad categories of computer users; content creators and consumers.

The desktop is a great device for the former. The later, a much larger group, prefer the portability of devices.

Sadly the number of creators continues to diminish, in line with all other technical endevours. I blame falling education standards.
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@Takalok Finally someone who see's reality, I wouldnt trade my high horsepower gaming rig for anything, in this house 3 PC's, 1 laptop, 1 tablet, 2 smartphones and guess what we spend most of our time on, the desktopsp are king in our house. Big monitors, lots of power, everything else your hunched over or trying to hold it. We will always use desektops and prefer them.
also Smart TV will be the next personal PC
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Good Thought
rhonin 20th Jan
@swisslakes

I can see - for the home - a smart tv with an integrated tablet function.
The tablet has docking capability like the Transformer.

Can definitely see this.
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That remains to be seen ...
mwagner@... 20th Jan
@swisslakes ... If "ultrabook" vendors price themselves at the $1,000 price-point, they will lose to the MacBook Air almost every time. At $500-$800, the "ultrabook" can compete favorably with the iPad 2 but then they eat up sales of traditional laptops.
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That marketshare thingy, while nice to look at, is completely wrong.

It assumes that one either buys a smartphone or a PC, and let's face it, that's not really the the case always. One can buy a smartphone (or even more than one) *and* a PC, so there's a lot of overlap in those numbers.

That's not to say that tablets/slates won't replace PCs for a lot of things, but they'll never replace them for everything, and if they ever do, then we'll call them PCs anyway.
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@CarlitosLx I agree and think this is where things are headed. PCs will be phones and tablets at some point, so PC makers will simply build phones and tablets. Microsoft is thinking ahead and already working on a core base (MinWin) across all possible devices (phones, tablets, pcs, servers, etc.).
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Coming Soon...
rhonin 20th Jan
@grayknight

Think ASUS Padphone design .....
Add a keyboard dock.....
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@CarlitosLx Thank you - that's exactly the point I was going to make!

This not a zero-sum market; a user can purchase multiple devices. I've got a traditional desktop PC, an Android phone, and an iPad. Two of those were purchased in the past year, and I'm planning on replacing my desktop with a more powerful desktop over the next year.

One could argue that the audience for ZDNet is more knowledgeable and more likely to own multiple devices, but I know plenty of non-techy folks who are in a similar position. What I have seen, however, is a greater transition from desktop to laptop. The proliferation of inexpensive WiFi routers, combined with the experience of using portable devices (phone, iWhatever), has gotten people familiar/comfortable with the idea of not being tethered to a desk when doing their "computing".
@R_Connelie@... I don't know where you work, or what you do for a living, but I'm going to suggest to you, the VAST majority of workplace computer users do not have that option. It is their employer who makes the decision by what they buy (PC's) and their office policies. The management don't want their employees to be able to untether themselves, it reduces their abilities to supervise. I also suggest that these same employees are using software in their 'computing' that doesn't translate to tablets or smartphones. Probably never will. There is still a market for PC's. It may split into purpose specific markets but they won't go away. If Alienware can still sell $6000 PC's to gamers, then there are people out there who won't get the same satisfaction from tablets. I'm a photographer and while my iPad can do some quick and dirty edits, it can't rival CS or a big screen display for digital work.
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What about the recession/depression??
sparkle farkle Updated - 20th Jan
Even congress has cut back on it's procurement of pc's. If it's working leave it alone. Adding up the total number of pc's produced, it's in the billions. I don't see any figures for PC use vs what ever you want to call the new devices. With so many already out there and working, it's about replacement, and not first purchase. Billions of people have a tv set, and the only thing that pushed adoption of the newer sets was a change in the spectrum, rendering the old ones useless. Most people keep using older devices. Post pc is so overrated.

the industry may indeed be seeing a downturn in the total number of PC's produced, and have to live with a steady stream instead of a growth industry. Phones will have a short life, and are more of a fashion item than a replacement for the pc, so sales will grow, and finally flatten. What will we have then?? the post post pc era?
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It matches what is in the office. There's an awful lot of people who need to work from home, and with home working becoming more popular those numbers are only going to grow.
To work effectively you need three things;
1) A comfortable working environment
2) A decent sized display
3) A proper keyboard
There's only one device that can deliver these requirements - the humble PC. In most cases these days that means a laptop. I don't distinguish between the traditional PC tower and a laptop these days because they're effectively the same platform.
The PC as a gaming platform is dead. The PC as a multimedia platform is dead. The PC as a document reader is dead. The PC as a social media platform is dead.
But, and this is most important, the PC as a working platform is most definitely alive and here to stay.
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+1 for you!
financegozu 20th Jan
@keebaud@...
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@keebaud@...

But you don't really need a PC for that. All you need is a good RDP client.

I can actually (and have) used the Android Citrix Receiver app to connect to my Xen Desktop PC at work and do real work from home on my 7" HTC Flyer with a bluetoothe keyboard.

Yeah, I did it mostly for the novelty factor and to verify that I'd be able to connect to my work PC 24/7 regardless of my location as long as I can connect to WiFi or a 4G cell network. But I proved to myself that it could be done. On an ASUS Tranformer Prime it would have been a piece of cake.

All you'll really need to ditch your PC and still work from home is a tablet that can connect to a keyboard and mouse and has a monitor-out port (maybe permanently connected to a docking station).
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Just like any industry in stalling growth.

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