Whistleblowers or terrorists? The Wikileaks story

By | June 22, 2011, 5:30pm PDT

Summary: This self-styled media organization leaked the largest cache of classified intelligence in U.S. history. But who are these guys anyway? Our special report takes a closer look at the inner workings of Wikileaks and its connection to the hactivists known as ‘Anonymous’.

This series explores in empirical detail the U.S. diplomatic cables release by Wikileaks — a self-styled media organisation — where over 250,000 classified communiques were published in the public domain.

To understand the nature of the work Wikileaks performs, this series, formed out of my undergraduate dissertation, analyses their organisational structure, capabilities and its technological advantages.

The consequences of Wikileaks’ work ultimately led to allegations made towards founder, Julian Assange, and his organisation became a worldwide target for intelligence agencies, governments and journalists alike.

As the largest cache of classified intelligence leaked in United States’ history, the wide ranging ramifications of the release raised questions about governmental transparency, openness and trust.

Wikileaks is an organisation – decentralised in structure and with no fixed headquarters or abode. The internal dialogue of the organisation has been blended and distorted by the media, with claims of inner corruption and conflicts of power, arrogance and self-seeking hedonism by Assange.

Yet a more pragmatic and objective view of the goals and objectives of Wikileaks, shows it to be a not-for-profit organisation acting in a capacity to bring news and information into the public domain. Similar in style to that of a broadcasting or media company, Wikileaks is famed for publishing leaked documents; some highly classified in nature.

The magnitude of the diplomatic cable release is said to have triggered the 2011 revolutions in the Middle East and North Africa; toppling regimes and bringing down dictatorships, making politicians and governments forcibly accountable for the first time in generations.

It allowed the media to dissect and to scrutinise the decisions made by our executives and shed light on a side to government never seen before.

Wikileaks, though has been operational since 2007, has recently had extreme media attention with the release of U.S. diplomatic cables, some classified as ‘SECRET’ noting their sensitivity, and released seemingly indiscriminately into the public domain. Since this release, extradition hearings have been underway in England to deport Assange to Sweden to face allegations of sexual assault.

Yet before the explosion of media interest in 2010, Wikileaks was lesser known and fought for different motives. The transformation of the organisation resulted through the varying level of information leaked to Wikileaks, from low level private industry whistle-blowing leaks to full transnational governmental releases.

The themes noted in this work explore empirically how the self-styled media organisation operates and notes its organisational structure.

Also, this work will critically examine in empirical detail how ‘hactivist’ group Anonymous have defended Wikileaks in paramilitary style, and will uncover how the cables came to be in the public light.

Read in full:

Part 1: The diplomatic cables release and media reactions
Introducing the work of Wikileaks during the U.S. diplomatic cables release in 2010, and how this impacted the world of journalism.

Part 2: A brief history of Wikileaks, pre-2010
Going back to pre-2010 before the cables were released to discover the roots of the whistleblowing organisation.

Part 3: How the organization functions and operates
Examining the operations of Wikileaks and how it functions, amid the vast media preoccupation with its values of secrecy.

Part 4: How ‘Anonymous’ subverted the most powerful governments
How does anonymity prevail on the web? Examining the connection between Wikileaks and online ‘hactivist’ group, Anonymous.

Part 5: How Wikileaks leaked the diplomatic cables
Detailing how U.S. Army officer Bradley Manning allegedly leaked the largest cache of secret data in U.S. history.

Part 6: How the diplomatic cables sparked the 2011 Arab Spring
How the release of the diplomatic cables sparked revolutions in North Africa and the Middle East, and the wider effect on international relations.

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Topics

Zack Whittaker, a criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, Canterbury, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

Disclosure

Zack Whittaker

I worked briefly with Microsoft UK in 2006 but no longer have any connection with the company. Regardless, I remain impartial and unbiased in my views.

I don't hold any stock or shares, investments or industrial secrets in any company, but have signed confidentiality agreements with a number of UK and U.S. organisations, whose names I am not at liberty to disclose.

I was involved with Kent Union, the University of Kent's student union, undertaking voluntary, non-salaried, elected positions between early 2009 and mid-2010.

No other company, body, government department, non-governmental organisation or third sector organisation employs me or pays me a salary in any capacity whatsoever.

As a freelance journalist, whenever expenses are given and taken by a company that is not CBS Interactive, these will be disclosed in each relevant post to ensure transparency.

I currently work with a UK law enforcement unit, but this is an entirely separate position which bears no connection to other work.

(Updated: 23rd October 2011)

Biography

Zack Whittaker

Zack Whittaker, criminologist who studied at the University of Kent, UK, is a journalist, writer and broadcaster.

After studying criminology at university, though still in his early-20's, he has already had a series unconventional work and voluntary positions. He has worked with researchers studying neurological illnesses like Tourette's syndrome (which he suffers from), has given lectures on the nature of disabilities in the public community, and occasionally ends up speaking on television and radio discussing the events of the day.

He first had academic work published at the age of 22, then still an undergraduate, and has been cited by a wide range of publications: from the Huffington Post, Business Insider, AllThingsDigital, The Atlantic Wire and CBS News.

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prathamesh12 24th Feb
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A bit of both.
Bruizer 23rd Jun
If run by someone responsible, WikiLeaks could do some real good. However, when run by a vendetta seeking individual with a deep political agenda that also shows signs of a messiah complex, WikiLeaks has potential to do great damage.
@Bruizer

The content of the leaks doesn't change, regardless of who is credited as the leader.
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Wikileaks is the Washington Displace for the miniscule fill. No rotation, somebody introduction of facts. No enquire it hurts.
The sex allegations chortle me tho', what in Sverige? Didn't the Swedes 'excogitate' sex as we cognise it? And since when is claim an extraditable operation? ...Now, if we exclusive didn't hit sheep with voting rights... zlatibor apartmani
@Bruizer ahh always drama surrounding wikileaks SEO Hobart
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GFT
we all know there are closed door deals, comments, plots and schemes that go in within and outside the governments offices. Right or wrong this is what keep international politics in check. To exploit these activities creates a global instability in the political arena and is an act of irresponsibility.
I vote TERRORIST.
@kfortner51
The globe had become increasingly unstable, even before wikileaks. Iran, North Korea, Libya, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Congo, Sudan, Ivory Coast, Greece, Egypt, Japan, Algeria, Bahrain, Syria, and even the US are all increasingly unstable. There are a number of factors and wikileaks and Manning are not even close to the top of the list. Corruption and other nefarious situations are, but god forbid someone telling us about it.
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@kfortner51

When has this globe ever been stable? Governments have been rising and falling since before recorded history. Are you going to blame Wikileaks for the fall of the Roman Empire? Or the two world wars. How about just the first Gulf war, then.

I am not necessarily defending Wikileaks, but blaming it for global instability is like blaming the swaying palm trees for the hurricane.
@kfortner51 You make an interesting point and it's highly debatable but I tend to lean towards your side.
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"doubleplusgood"
jncurotto 23rd Jun
"And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free." -King James Bible
..."but first it will make you miserable." -Attributed to James A. Garfield
Is the purpose of goverment to serve the people. Or is government the master of the people?

If you believe than government owns you. Then if will be reasonable to asume that whoever exposes your master should be punish.

But if you believe that government is there to serve the people. Then it follows that government should be held accountable on there actions.

The only way for government to be held accountable is if the people know what government is doing. And, since government is not willingly going to give information about their actions, the people need outside of government information.

So, is the people the master of government or its government the master of the people. Your choice.
@rxantos If you believe than government owns you. Then if will be reasonable to asume that whoever exposes your master should be punish.

But if you believe that government is there to serve the people. Then it follows that government should be held accountable on there actions. bellevue dentist

The only way for government to be held accountable is if the people know what government is doing. And, since government is not willingly going to give information about their actions, the people need outside of government information.

Censoring or withholding of information damaging to the reputation of the subject is not in accordance with good ethical journalism, nor is it in accordance with the 1st amendment of the U.S. Constitution. I can find the recipes for how to make all kinds of illegal drugs or explosives on-line. Yet I don't see even an underwhelming number of self-made druggies or bombers out there. landscaping houston

Democracy in America is predicated on an informed, caring, and therefore actively voting citizenry. What WikiLeaks did was expose the lies the U.S. government had been telling its citizens, and the rest of the world. Many of those lies had been revealed previously, but had inadequate amounts of proof to gain much traction. roofing phoenix

Granted that Julian Assange is a bit of a narcissist and just as highly sexed at Bill Clinton; the vendetta isn't him against the U.S. It's rather the U.S. using its entire legal and political might to try to squash an individual who's not even a citizen, and hasn't actually attacked the country. Revelation of a country's actions, even if those actions were taken in secret, is never an attack. But since the U.S DID take that action against Assange, he's certainly within his rights to us whatever means he has to embarrass the U.S. into at least acting in a fair and legal fashion.
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Whistleblower = WikiLeaks "<>" Terrorist
Dr_Zinj Updated - 23rd Jun
The ONLY responsibility WikiLeaks, or any other news media, has is to accurately report what they find. Dumping of the entire files obtained onto the internet strikes me as being the most responsible means of dissemination. And before you claim that their failure to redact personal information was irresponsible, please remember that they offered to do just that if other news media or the U.S. chose to help them in it. The U.S. turned them down.

Censoring or withholding of information damaging to the reputation of the subject is not in accordance with good ethical journalism, nor is it in accordance with the 1st amendment of the U.S. Constitution. I can find the recipes for how to make all kinds of illegal drugs or explosives on-line. Yet I don't see even an underwhelming number of self-made druggies or bombers out there.

Democracy in America is predicated on an informed, caring, and therefore actively voting citizenry. What WikiLeaks did was expose the lies the U.S. government had been telling its citizens, and the rest of the world. Many of those lies had been revealed previously, but had inadequate amounts of proof to gain much traction.

Granted that Julian Assange is a bit of a narcissist and just as highly sexed at Bill Clinton; the vendetta isn't him against the U.S. It's rather the U.S. using its entire legal and political might to try to squash an individual who's not even a citizen, and hasn't actually attacked the country. Revelation of a country's actions, even if those actions were taken in secret, is never an attack. But since the U.S DID take that action against Assange, he's certainly within his rights to us whatever means he has to embarrass the U.S. into at least acting in a fair and legal fashion.

As long as WikiLeaks continues to reveal nothing but the truth, in a timely basis, none of their actions will ever be damaging. The damage was caused by those who committed the misdeeds. If the U.S. government and other countries had dealt fairly with everyone, then WikiLeaks wouldn't have any story to tell.

People shouldn't fear their government. If your government is afraid you'll find out something, it means they're doing something they shouldn't. And if it's top secret information, then they didn't do a satisfactory job keeping it a secret, and that itself is something their citizens need to know.
This is no different than if someone broke into your house took personal documents, like tax returns, bank statements, personal letter and put them on the internet. To read or take classified documents without the proper clearance or NEED TO KNOW is against the law.
Yes... there is a HUGE difference between stealing/violating PERSONAL rights/property... and exposing government lies and corruption (both... legally, AND morally). The idea that "our government" (the politicians, and agencies that work FOR the citizenry) should have the ability to hide their (at this point, well-established) corruption, duplicity, and lies... and that such mis-use of power, in any way, supersedes the citizens "RIGHT to KNOW" (what THEIR government is doing) ...AND that the government can simply by-pass The Constitution (whenever they find it convenient, for their-own purposes), is what is actually ignorant, UN-American, and truly-dangerous. Some people should try actually understanding "...the law"... and not, just parroting-back the party-line.

But, hey... these days... we don't really seem to have to worry about anyone using "free speech", or "personal-liberty", to disagree with "the U.S. government"... do we..? If such individuals become a real annoyance (to the wishes of those in power), they will just be charged with some concocted "sex-charge", and go-away.
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Assange only came out with accelerated releases when he was caught with his pants down in Sweden. If he had been rational, he would have learned the lesson of Daniel Elsberg who tried to push the Pentagon papers into the public domain and when he did, no one listened. Using the information from a leaked document does not give you an authoritative or balanced understanding of the decisions being taken on any given subject. As to the 'Arabic Spring' my understanding is social media sites and prolonged oppression had more influence in those events than Wikileaks.

You don't give a fully loaded gun to a two year old, in the same way media releases of many credibility should not be controlled by gossip. The authorities mistake was to give Assange any credibility. He should be constrained to protect himself and the public.
Wikileaks is the Washington Post for the small people. No spin, simple presentation of facts. No wonder it hurts.
The sex allegations chuckle me though, what in Sweden? Didn't the Swedes 'invent' sex as we know it? And since when is allegation an extraditable offence? ...Now, if we only didn't have sheep with voting rights...
Are that many Yanks that blindly patriotic, that because their government says Wikileaks are criminal, then they must be? In my opinion freedom of speech (Yes that term is known elsewhere) and transparent government far outweigh official secrets. In Australia (where Julian and I are from), most of us think politicians are lying bastards, is the US different. Most media seems biased, anyone seen FOX or anything else owned by Murdoch (yes, sadly another Aussie). To me seeing raw documents (without filtering) is refreshing, don't shoot the messenger.
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If wikileaks would have acted as a conduit for information flowing to the right places instead Chef Jobs of essentially threatening organisations with their own website perhaps they may be seen as a more legitimate organisation themselves
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Your skill in writing great articles on great topics is awesome!
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Well welcome, hopefully you can become a vital member of the community and really help to push far ahead of google. Which Im sure the development team would love. This will of course earn you alot points too and get you on the leaders board. z d n e t t h a n k Im not sure i come to an agreement with you on every level, howevor it absolutely was a good posting, many thanks for taking the time to put up your ideas.
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I don't whether to admire or fear these people behind Wikileaks. As said they could either be whistle blowers or terrorists. How do they get all these secret and classified information. It seems they have eyes and ears in every country,government,industry etc. acting as spy camera video . What do these people get when they share these exposes,Are they waiting for the slip and fall of these people? In my opinion,they want to dominate the world and I think they might have a perfect business plan sample to do it.
I think Wikileaks is an organisation setup by the government to leak false information to people. There is a famous saying
tell a little truth in a lie to create a bigger lie. Wikileads is a perfect example of this.
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This is an interesting story... Please provide more information about this..
Thanks for the post
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