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Want a peek at a non-Windows operating system from Microsoft?

By | March 4, 2008, 9:49pm PST

Want to see what a non-Windows-based operating system developed by Microsoft looks like?

If you are willing and able to sign a non-commercial, academic Shared Source license, look no further. Microsoft on March 4 made the few-hundred-thousand lines of source code for Singularity Version 1 available for download from its CodePlex site. Microsoft made the announcement at its Microsoft Research TechFest 2008 event in Redmond, Wash.

Singularity is an operating system and set of related tools and libraries that is developed completely in managed code. Singularity is not based on Windows; it was written from scratch as a proof-of-concept.

“We decided not to build operating systems that are built on technologies that are 30 years old,” said Principal Researcher Galen Hunt.

Late last year, Microsoft made the Singularity source code — which it called an RDK, or research development kit, available to about a dozen academic partners. Now, anyone can license the code (though it is primarily targeted at academics/researchers).

“Existing operating systems are hard to modify,” said Research Area Manager James Larus, “even Linux or the version of the Windows kernel we make available. Singularity is a good place for researchers to (play with) changing the operating system.”

Because it was written in C#, Singularity is easier to analyze than other non-managed operating systems, the Microsoft researchers contend. Singularity also is a vehicle for demonstrated that software-isolated processes (SIPs) result in less performance overhead than the hardware-protection schemes commonly used by most operating systems developed over the last 30 to 40 years. Singularity’s developers believe that SIPs can result in as much as 30 percent savings in performance.

So now that the first release of Singularity is out, what will its developers do next? Singularity Version 2 — which will be focused primarily on heterogenous, multicore computing environments, according to Lazrus and Hunt.

Modern and next-generation PCs and devices are moving to include different instruction sets and architectures on multiple cores. Microsoft has launched a number of projects focused on the forthcoming multicore revolution.

“We want to be able to access (all these cores) with the same programming model,” said Larus ” Think multiple Singularity kernels running on different cores.

To complement this, Singularity’s researchers are working on new tools, including some for finding errors in parallel and multicore programs.

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Topics

Researcher, Operating System, Microsoft Corp., Multi-core, Singularity, Operating Systems, Software, Mary Jo Foley

Mary Jo has covered the tech industry for more than 25 years for a variety of publications and Web sites, and is a frequent guest on radio, TV and podcasts, speaking about all things Microsoft-related. She is the author of Microsoft 2.0: How Microsoft plans to stay relevant in the post-Gates era (John Wiley & Sons, 2008).

Disclosure

Mary-Jo Foley

Freelance journalist/blogger Mary Jo Foley has nothing to disclose. WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get). I do not own Microsoft stock or stock in any of its partners or competitors. I have no business ventures that are sponsored by/funded by Microsoft or any of its partners or competitors.

Biography

Mary-Jo Foley

Mary Jo Foley has covered the tech industry for 25 years for a variety of publications, including ZDNet, eWeek and Baseline. She has kept close tabs on Microsoft strategy, products and technologies for the past 10 years. In the late 1990s, she penned the award-winning "At The Evil Empire" column for ZDNet, and more recently the Microsoft Watch blog for Ziff Davis.

Got a tip? Send her an email with your rants, rumors, tips and tattles. Confidentiality guaranteed.

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Ahhh...the Wintel game continues
Kiers 20th Oct
So MS, NOW starts placing marketing emphasis on "security" with a "Library OS" because all the processor's are multiplying cores like rabbits (having hit power limits within a single core). And a Library OS is greatly parallel.

Don't get me wrong....I like it! but it took them (ie Micro$oft) an existential threat to their business model to finally bring us "security" eh?
View in thread
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As Always with Microsoft ...
MisterMiester 4th Mar 2008
is developed completely in managed code.

So I asked myself "What is managed code?". Per our friendly neighborhood Wikipedia entry:

"In Microsoft Windows terminology, managed code is computer program code that executes under the management of Microsoft's CLR virtual machine in the .NET Framework, or another similar virtual machine."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_code

So basically this is an entire new operating system running within the framework of .NET using either a CLR virtual machine or another virtual machine. So what is a CLR virtual machine?

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of Microsoft's .NET initiative. It is Microsoft's implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, which defines an execution environment for program code.

but wait there's more:

"Although some other implementations of the Common Language Infrastructure run on non-Windows operating systems, the CLR runs on Microsoft Windows operating systems only."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtime

So even with this "new" operating system this Singularity it will run under a CLR virtual machine within the Microsoft .NET framework. And what operating system does the CLR only run on? If you said Microsoft Windows Operating systems you would be correct.

As with all of Microsoft plans the "devil is in the details". wink
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Maybe...
zkiwi 4th Mar 2008
This is there view of the future of virtualisation (running off course of Windows version whatever). Or perhaps it's where they're looking at small/mobile/embedded stuff.

Interesting, but as far as I know, there's no concrete plan for it.
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What is it with people
Crestview 5th Mar 2008
That just can't seem to use a "Z" where required?
0 Votes
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Maybe B/c They're Not "Ammurikans"?
drprodny 5th Mar 2008
W/a name like "Zkiwi", I'm guessing he's from that country they shot LORD OF THE RINGS in - you know, one of the OTHER English-speaking nations on this planet?
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Perhaps it is because...
zkiwi 6th Mar 2008
Some people are into the preservation of the vowel "u" and think that loose is not the same as lose. I guess, some people try (but don't always succeed, but we do try) to use English, not American (The land of 'sup fool').
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They've stolen fr0thy-OS!!
fr0thy@... 4th Mar 2008
==========================
def brand_new_os_start
... # Do something here
end
==========================

This is a brand new OS which I have written from the ground up in Ruby - I didn't want to build anything on code that was 30 years old. I have changed the file's timestamp to reflect the complete newness of this project.

There are major technological advantages in my implementation. It will run in the cloud, on the desktop, on the server platform, or on a RDBMS during a SQL query. I have already begun porting it for mobile applications too, and am in talks with all of the large phone vendors.

You can licence this from me, and then add to it. Your contributions may then be used for profit without payment to yourself for your efforts as per the EULA.

fr0thy-OS - Your Thinking, My Poisson.
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Well done!
none none 5th Mar 2008
nt
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9.8!! (NT)
Stuka 5th Mar 2008
nt
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"fr0thy-OS - Your Thinking, My Poisson"
Confused by religion 5th Mar 2008
Your thinking, my FISH?????
0 Votes
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I'm confused, too.
TranMan 5th Mar 2008
The only Poisson I know is the Poisson Distribution in statistics. I use it at work in a routine that identifies/predicts locations with high concentrations of traffic accidents.

Don't know what that has to do with fr0thy, or with fish.
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Poisson means Fish...
devin6687 5th Mar 2008
in french.
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Frei Gift
pgf_666@... 6th Mar 2008
OK, the distribution was named after a man by that name--if he'd been English, it might well be the 'Fish distribution'. Further, it seems that bad fish dinners might well explain the use of this French word for a toxic substance, even though there was a perfectly good German word--'Gift' for such already. Or perhaps he intends to say that one man's mean is another's Poisson...
(running, shooting, ducking for cover....)

pgf
____

I note that all the things that the microwiennies were twelling me were so bad about my Amigas are now refered to as 'Features' by m$--they even 'stole' the standard 'code page', having hassled me because it couldn't do graphics!
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LMAO
TranMan 5th Mar 2008
One of the funniest things I've read on this site.
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::snicker::
drprodny 5th Mar 2008
Given how well it worked for Borg Gates and Darth Ballmer, I anticipate great success for you, fr0thy!

Don't forget, when you're buying corporate jets in job lots and peeling off billion-dollar fines to the EU, that we knew you when.... wink
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Correction.
TheTruthisOutThere@... 5th Mar 2008
The CLR is one implementation of the CLI. The CLI, in simple terms, is a virtual machine as defined in ISO/IEC 23271:2006.

The CLI executes programs that are written in Common Intermediate Language (CIL), which the the byte code (or "machine language" of the VM).

.Net languages such a C# (also an ISO standard, BTW), are then implemented as compilers that target CIL.

The CLR is Microsoft's main implementation of the CLI (and its true, its Windows only). But it has several others:

- The Compact Framwork, for Windows Mobile and similar

- Shared Source CLI, is a reference implemention with shared source (NOT open source).

- Silverlight 2.0. Yes, Silverlight 2.0 is all about gettting the CLI into the browser.

(Crickey, Silverlight 2.0 is a Microsoft initiative to get a ISO standard working in a cross-platform, cross-browser environment. Surely not!?)

And there is at least one important none-Microsoft implementation - Mono. Mono are not copying Microsoft's .Net, they are making an open source implementation of ISO/IEC 23271:2006 (and a standards compliant C# compiler)

The important question: Is code portable between CLI implementations. The answer to this is "Yes" and "No"

"Yes", because all the implementation understand the same bytecodes, and provide the same services.

"No", because in practice you need more than just bytecodes, you need class libraries. The ISO standard does define some of these (for example, the Base Class Library or BCL). If you use classes from the BCL, your code will only run on an implementation that provides that. For example, if you write an app and compile it the Mono compiler, chances are good it will just run on the CLR.

As the CLR has the biggest set of class libraries, there are apps that can only be run on it. This is the source of a lot of contention that .Net is Windows only. And there is an element of truth to it, because there a lot of very intersting class libraries (WPF, WCF for example), and NOT covered by an ISO standard.

Anyway, back to Singularity. Well, this doesnt need Windows to run, so I assume it implements its own CLI. I'm going to have a more details look tonight.
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I think you're right ...
MisterMiester 5th Mar 2008
After I wrote this I stepped back and took a better look at some more information. It appears that Singularity is just a micro-kernel with a CLR virtual machine running applications, but not needing Windows itself to run.

So basically it appears that Singularity is Microsoft's attempt to implement a new kernel replacement using CLR virtual machine containers within the .NET framework. This would make the OS more module and integrate more closely with the available suite of Microsoft developer tools.

So long story short it's a kernel replacement as the engine for their .NET framework instead of Windows. Now when I say kernel replacement it would be similar to running GNU libraries and the compiler on top of BSD or Solaris instead of Linux, which is already the case.

So techincally it's not Windows, but it's a replacement for the Windows kernel and shifting to the .NET framework as the platform, which now only runs on Windows operating systems..

So what would you call this? I would say if it looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and sounds like a duck what do you think the answer should be? happy
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GOOSE!
srobtjones@... 5th Mar 2008
So for the non-programmers, this is a way for Microsoft to alter the kernel (heart) of Windows so that it can evolve into something better than Windows, but still allow Microsoft to maintain its near monopoly standing in the OS industry. Is this even close to what I am hearing from this group?

On one hand, I can agree with such a sentiment. M$ has not always been the kindest player in technology circles.

On the other hand, I give them credit if they are actually improving their product and making it either more stable or increasing efficiencies in any way in which the end-user can benefit.

If the code is more efficient, and therefore less resources are needed to arrive at the result desired by the end-user, then that's a good thing. I want better performance at a lower cost or with less effort. Whomever gives me that wins my business - period.

In a battle, it is pointless to aim for the enemy's bullets. Rather, study the enemy and acknowledge what they do well. Then do it better, and eliminate the enemy.
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Thanks
Anton Philidor 5th Mar 2008
I have for some time been making an argument similar to yours: "... study the enemy and acknowledge what they do well. Then do it better ..."

Criticism is ineffective. When accurate and important, as with past criticisms of Microsoft security, the company makes a(nother) fortune on upgrades fixing the problem.

I hope you succeed in convincing people. Then they might, among other improvements, recognize that open source insulates Microsoft against real competition from a company with resources and profits to be gained. One thing Microsoft does well is make money. Defeating the company will require doing better at that.
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Fowl play.
TheTruthisOutThere@... 5th Mar 2008
I would say if it looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and sounds like a duck

It comes from Microsoft Research, its shipped under an academic research licence, its called an "RDK", and they say it purpose in life is to support OS research. Its a research tool.


Its not a replacement for anything. Its not a product, its not for commercial use, its not a CTP of some future version of Windows.

Really, who's the one not calling it what it really is?
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Cooked Goose...........
Ole Man 5th Mar 2008
Microsoft's goose is cooked... by
their own flagrant arson.

One has but to glance at their record
to see that whatever this new ploy
is, it is without a doubt another one
of their sinister schemes to maintain
their monopoly of the software
industry.

Call it anything you like. It changes
nothing but what you call it.
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Loon.
rtk 5th Mar 2008
It's unhealthy to be so unabashedly nonsensical.

Up your dosage, then come back and post once you're chemical imbalance is corrected.
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...
evilkillerwhale@... 5th Mar 2008
So, because Apple kept giving them the shaft, so they finally left Apple and made their own OS, then kicked Apple in the face... it's their fault? Apple was the big bad meanie overcharging for products (Lisa, anyone?), stealing ideas (everything to do with the Macintosh, Lisa, and many MANY other hardware and software issues were blatantly taken from other people. Only rarely with regards for the people they stole from), and giving the little guy (Microsoft, with their Word, and Excel program) the shaft. Microsoft was like screw you guys' total disregard for us, we'll make our own OS, stole some DOS crap, and then evolved into Windows. They started with nothing and worked their way to the top. They don't HAVE A MONOPOLY. You have choices, they can all be implemented, and they are not controlling prices. MS has lower prices than any VIABLE OS. You get the support you need for Linux (like RedHat) and you're looking at something much more expensive than Windows. You get OS X and you better be ready to buy Vista Ultimate for the windows comparison.

Microsoft, like all businesses, is competitive, and takes the companies in their way out of their way. I'm sorry if your tinfoil hat gets in the way of you seeing that fact. Go back to using Ubuntu, and being happy without being able to print. Go back to not being able to use any viable program without downloading Wine and reading 15 pages of installation instructions. I hope it makes you feel GREAT about yourself.
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"MS has lower prices": MicRosoft ($1800) MacIntosh ($129)
ýlysdexia 5th Mar 2008
Why does Mickey R's charge $1800 for the XP Media Edition? (Funnily, it's
almost free if you can find a rebate coupon.) Whereas you can buy the last OS X
for one-fourteenth the price, and get yae as many features.

evilkillerwhale, why don't you tell us about this stealing?which hasn't the same
meaning as thieving by the way?and why these other companies didn't protest
against or sue Apple? You get commercial scratchware with the quality of
shareware or trialware.
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...
Linux User 147560 5th Mar 2008
Platypus? devil
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Now don't tell him that it will ruin
ItsTheBottomLine 5th Mar 2008
his pety way of thinking.
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OS
Ronspruell 5th Mar 2008
Try running it on a machine that does not have windows loaded.
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,,,
evilkillerwhale@... 5th Mar 2008
I don't think I've ever seen one of those. I mean, Mac steals from Windows, Linux steals from Windows, and Windows IS Windows. 3

Microsoft was a developer for Mac. They still ARE a developer for Mac. Many of the things that were unseen in Vista are now in Leopard. Looky there. They all steal from each other. I have yet to see a computer that has no Microsoft in its blood.
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Singularity doesn't need Windows!
de-void-21165590650301806002836337787023 7th Mar 2008
Singularity is an OS, not an app!

Although it can be hosted on top of Windows, it's generally hosted as any other OS is - on top of hardware. Singularity implements it's own drivers in verifiably safe C# (!!!) and is generally run within VirtualPC etc.
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Doh!
D T Schmitz 5th Mar 2008
nt
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Wikipedia is always right
A.Sinic 5th Mar 2008
"Although some other implementations of the Common Language Infrastructure run on non-Windows operating systems, the CLR runs on Microsoft Windows operating systems only."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtime


Except when it isn't. There are implementations of the CLR on other systems, such as Mono on Linux. And I think it was also standardised as an ECMA standard, so you could probably build one from scratch if you felt so inclined.

Wikipedia is useful as a starting point for reading about something, but it often has errors or oversimplifications of this kind, so its not good to cite without support.
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Wikipedia is correct here.
TheTruthisOutThere@... 5th Mar 2008
The STANDARD is called the CLI. Microsoft's main IMPLEMENTATION is called the CLR, and the CLR does only run on Windows.

Mono is not an implementation of the CLR, its an implmentation of the CLI.

No one would surprised if a Windows JVM didn't run on Linux, they'd just expect there to be a Linux JVM. Its exactly the same situation with the CLI.

You are correct that its a standard, both Ecma (ECMA-335) and ISO (ISO/IEC 23271:2006).
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By that logic...
TheWerewolf 5th Mar 2008
Every application that runs on Windows is proof that Microsoft is engaging in monopolistic practices because they refuse to offer a way to let them run on other platforms.

Microsoft is under NO obligation to make versions of .Net that run on every platform imaginable. The original poster's comment implied that this lack was evidence of another attempt to lock products into Micrsoft's domain because .Net's CLR doesn't run on anything else.

Semantically, that's true, but functionally (which, since we're talking 'running software' is the important point) it's wrong. You can run valid IL bytecode streams (assuming they're not P/Invoking into platform specific API - which the core CLR does not) one ANY .Net bytecode VM on any platform.

Thus his point is *wrong*. So let's move on, ok?
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Except when it is... according to you at least
bmerc 5th Mar 2008
So Wikipedia said this:
"Although some other implementations of the Common Language Infrastructure run on non-Windows operating systems"
You say that this is wrong, because:
"There are implementations of the CLR on other systems, such as Mono on Linux."

Please explain the incredibly subtle distinction you are making here, as I cannot see any way that these two statements are inconsistent.

Are there, or are there not implementations on other systems? If there are, then Wikipedia agrees with you, so how is it wrong?
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Are you dislexic?
cheesyone 6th Mar 2008
You've got the"CL" part down pretty good, but you seem to have difficulty recognizing the difference between "R" and "I." Whenever you get it figured out, come back and post something relative.
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I guess you have never heard of
No_Ax_to_Grind 5th Mar 2008
using a given technology in a different way?
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I guess you have never used velcro?
bmerc 5th Mar 2008
That makes about as much sense as your ridiculous comment.

Seriously, if you're gonna post, at least take half a second to tickle a brain cell or two so that the post actually has some vague, general relevance to SOMETHING, ANYTHING.
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If that were the case then 3/4's of the
ItsTheBottomLine 5th Mar 2008
respondents could not respond.
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Ya, oh wait a sec here....
fredfarkwater@... 13th Mar 2008
I gotta a brain just let me find it, I know it's somewhere around here. Did you see it? I know I left it here. Come on now where you'd put it, oh gee!
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dood.. ms isn't the enemy. chilllllll....
pcguy777 5th Mar 2008
your like .oooooooooooo1% of the populace. go and write your own OS.


this article sounds like a fascinating approach otherwise. its nice to know anyone can write their own os with free tools, to interface with ANY Hardware.
0 Votes
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Which is why trusting Wiki is dangerous...
TheWerewolf 5th Mar 2008
The CLR is an open ECMA standard. Anyone can build the core CLR. Mono is the open source version of CLR/.Net and it includes all of the core and most of the primary assemblies that Microsoft makes available in .Net 2.0.

As for Microsoft coming down on them, well, Microsoft commissioned the Mono team to create the Linux version of Silverlight (called Moonlight on Linux) using their Mono version of .Net - so it would be kind of weird to turn around and stop them with a lawsuit.

In fact, .Net apps built on Windows now run very well on MacOS X and Linux and since the IL code is machine independent, you can build apps on any of these platforms and run them on any other.

Soooo... sorry, you're pretty much wrong.

Check your facts a little harder than Wiki in the future. happy
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How many times do i need to say this?
TheTruthisOutThere@... 5th Mar 2008
The ECMA/ISO standard is called "CLI". CLR refers to a specific implementation of the CLI.

I'm a huge fan of .Net (and Mono), but lets be honest here: If you build .Net apps on Windows, there is no guaranttee they will run on Mono, not because its an incomplete implementation of the CLI (it is), but because class libraries you have used are not available there. Mono is not quite .Net 2.0 complete yet, and you can essentially forget .Net 3.0 and 3.5.

It IS possible to build cross platform apps, but its not a given.
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Ahmen This APP is a Windows Only Window Manager
oisleach@... 5th Mar 2008
This is not a full blown OS, it is a Window Manager with Addon to allow applications to be run. This is the Equivalent of Gnome, or KDE or XFCE. This is not an OS
0 Votes
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*sigh*
Thunderbuck 5th Mar 2008
Microsoft presents enough legitimate opportunities to criticize without inventing more...

First off, the Wikipedia article isn't entirely correct; the CLR is also implemented in the open source Mono project. But, even ignoring that, your post is a cheap shot.

The idea behind Singularity seems to be that the O/S runs out of a VM that loads IN PLACE of a traditional O/S like Windows.
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Thanks for the research!
Joe.Smetona 6th Mar 2008
It's not what I hoped it would be. sad
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your stupid...
shadfurman 28th Aug 2008
Singularity is not an operating system, its a research project to EXPLORE new ways to program and structure an operating system. Microsoft will never sell it, it's open source (mostly). There is no devil in a company using its own tools to create on open source research project. But if it makes you feel better you can keep using your conspiracy logic to stimulate your erogenous zones.
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yes
Khyron 16th Sep 2008
because protecting your company's product is "evil" and expecting to make money from your work is "evil" and feeding your family is "evil"

We should all expect "good" software to be free, so our software developing companies go bust, people are out of work and families are going hungry, but by god! we got free software.

pfft!
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RE: Want a peek at a non-Windows operating system from Microsoft?
herrwitt 5th Mar 2008
Whoooa!!! hiya ...
Now , why do I feel as if 'someone' has peed in our (cyber)pool ??? Watch it folks , MS is tryin' to take credit for the remarkable innovations of the OpenSourcers ... Is 'this' all they can do to ?innovate? ??? Loaded question , huh ...

herrwitt!
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Comment.
TheTruthisOutThere@... 5th Mar 2008
The whole point of this OS is as a research test bed for future OS design.

Anyway, if you mind is closed to the possibility that Microsoft can innovate, so be it. It not, have a look at some of these videos from this years MSR Techfest: http://channel9.msdn.com/tags/TechFest
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His is closed alright - it stuck in the 60's ... nt
ItsTheBottomLine 5th Mar 2008
nt
0 Votes
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Oh geez go play your freaking hippie
ItsTheBottomLine 5th Mar 2008
heart out on the highway will ya...sheesh it did say 30 year technology...
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Ahhh...the Wintel game continues
Kiers 20th Oct
So MS, NOW starts placing marketing emphasis on "security" with a "Library OS" because all the processor's are multiplying cores like rabbits (having hit power limits within a single core). And a Library OS is greatly parallel.

Don't get me wrong....I like it! but it took them (ie Micro$oft) an existential threat to their business model to finally bring us "security" eh?

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