Linux and Open Source

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols & Paula Rooney

Microsoft's Samsung Android Patent Troll Win

By | September 28, 2011, 6:42am PDT

Summary: Samsung has joined the long line of Android Linux companies signing patent deals with Microsoft. But what are they really paying for? We don’t know.

Microsoft has just announced its biggest ever Android-related patent deal with Samsung. In this contract, Microsoft will get a royalty payment on every Android smartphone and tablet that Samsung sells. And, what exactly is Samsung paying for and how much are they actually paying? We don’t know.

Horacio Gutierrez, vice president of Intellectual Property and Licensing at Microsoft, smiling all the way to the bank, said in a statement that “We are always looking for new opportunities to work collaboratively within the industry, and Samsung was a natural fit, particularly because of its leadership in the rapidly changing world of digital media technologies. That’s another way of saying that Microsoft has managed to scare yet another company into paying them off for some unknown and untested patents.

On Twitter, Brad Smith, Microsoft’s general counsel, triumphantly tweeted, “Today’s agreement demonstrates we now have a clear path forward for resolving the industry’s mobile patent issues” and “While we haven’t yet reached the beginning of the end of mobile patent issues, perhaps we have now reached the end of the beginning.” So, yeah, if you’re idea of a clear path ahead is to pay off Microsoft, and other major companies like Apple, than we indeed have a way forward.

Microsoft is on a winning streak with this strategy. Casio and numerous other companies that use Linux in their hardware have paid off rather than face a Microsoft lawsuit. While Microsoft has claimed for years that Linux violates over 200 of the company’s patents, Microsoft has also never said what these patents were.

In addition, the author of the study, Dan Ravicher, head of the Public Patent Foundation that Microsoft first cited as the source for its claims back in 2004 said at the time that “Microsoft is up to its usual FUD [fear, uncertainty and doubt].

Ravicher continued, “Open source faces no more, if not less, legal risk than proprietary software. The market needs to understand that the study Microsoft is citing actually proves the opposite of what they claim it does. There is no reason to believe that GNU/Linux has any greater risk of infringing patents than Windows, Unix-based or any other functionally similar operating system. Why? Because patents are infringed by specific structures that accomplish specific functionality,”

In other words, “The bottom line is there’s no reason to believe that Windows, Solaris, AIX or any other functionally similar operating system has any less risk of infringing patents than Linux does.”

So why since to this very day Microsoft refuses to say what patents are being violated or how, why are companies paying off Microsoft?

First, Amanda McPherson, vice president of marketing and developer programs at The Linux Foundation, points out that you need to keep in mind that, “Patent licensing agreements are done every day in this industry. Unfortunately, this is business as usual. It’s not surprising that in these cases, in particular, one of the parties is choosing to publicize them.” In other words, it’s business as usual, but in the interest of anti-Linux FUD, Microsoft wants to frighten companies.

Andrew ‘Andy’ Updegrove, a founding partner of Gesmer Updegrove, a top technology law firm, observed, “I think that there are a few things to focus on when you read such an announcement:

  • Was it a Linux only license? Note that in this case, Linux was only one element of the deal. The Linux only deals are sometimes between Microsoft and small companies that have little to gain by litigation
  • Was it a one way license, or a cross license as well? If it’s a cross license, then the importance - or validity - of the Linux elements may be low as it’s part of a larger package, perhaps one that covers all of the patents of both parties
  • And finally, as always, note that the terms are never revealed, so the amount of money that that may be changing hands may not only be low or high, but may also be calculated primarily on the basis of other patents besides the Linux-relevant ones.

And, indeed the Samsung deal is not Linux only, it is a cross-license contract, and the terms, as usual, are a mystery.

Today Ravicher looks at such deals as the Casio and Samsung contracts and simply says, U “Don’t know who rolled over, as we don’t know how much was paid. Other than that, this is not a new phenomenon. MS doesn’t make good products any more, so all it can do is try to leech of those that do.”

So why are companies going along with this? According to the experts, it’s because it’s cheaper to pay off Microsoft than to fight them. For what might be a nominal fee, Samsung and other companies avoid wasting years of time and money in court fighting them.

Patent lawsuits are all about money and control. Unless you’re Oracle trying to monetize Java at Google’s expense to the tune of a billion plus or Apple trying to kill off competition, companies can find it cheaper to pay off a patent attacker. After all, even Google would be happy to pay off Oracle… if Larry Ellison, Oracle’s CEO, came down to a more reasonable 100-million or so.

In the end, the bottom line is that Microsoft is trying to get what money it can from Android and Linux vendors while trying to scare users off using the platform. Thanks to these patent deals and the endless mobile software patent lawsuit wars, we’ll all end up paying more for my smartphones and tablets. After all, no matter who pays whom, in the end we, the people, are the ones who really end up paying for all these pointless patent licensing agreements and litigation.

Related Stories:

Microsoft cements position as Android’s patent toll collector

Samsung signs Microsoft patent licensing deal to cover Android devices

Microsoft adds Casio to its Linux patent-protection list

Google and Intel Android pairing spells trouble for Microsoft

Google and Motorola Mobility: It’s all about the patents

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Topics

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, aka sjvn, has been writing about technology and the business of technology since CP/M-80 was the cutting edge, PC operating system

Disclosure

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols is a freelance writer. He does not own stocks or other investments in any technology company.

Biography

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, aka sjvn, has been writing about technology and the business of technology since CP/M-80 was the cutting edge, PC operating system; 300bps was a fast Internet connection; WordStar was the state of the art word processor; and we liked it!

His work has been published in everything from highly technical publications (IEEE Computer, ACM NetWorker, Byte) to business publications (eWEEK, InformationWeek, ZDNet) to popular technology (Computer Shopper, PC Magazine, PC World) to the mainstream press (Washington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, BusinessWeek).

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RE: Microsoft's Samsung Android Patent Troll Win
Anthony E 30th Sep
@toddybottom
Are you referring to the linux kernel that microsoft was supposedly one of the companies that have put code into while saying that the same linux kernel that's in android is violating there IP?
If microsoft is saying that linux is violating there ip why are they submitting code changes and patches ? ?
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RE: Microsoft's Samsung Android Patent Troll Win
Return_of_the_jedi Updated - 28th Sep
@SJVN We have no evident of monies changing hands.
So, the PR is worth more than the chump change if they did or will receive.

PS. You are part of the master plan. Hence you wrote about it.
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@Return_of_the_jedi

This issue here is what patents and how much. MS obviously fears something or it would do this under public scrutiny.

I agree with SJVN that the only loser is us the consumer having to pay higher prices.
Oh, Stevie, calm down. No one is taking your precious from you. Android ain't free, and people a lot smarter than you in these companies are realizing that.
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Yep...
John L. Ries Updated - 28th Sep
@cantbeme
...When MS makes public accusations, they must be true, because no executive employed by a successful company would ever lie, much less abuse the legal system. The consequence of such unethical behavior would be instant dismissal and permanent unemployment.

Reply to GetReal-mac.com:

It's expensive to fight patent suits, even if you're innocent. All MS has to do is to make it cheaper to pay than to fight and they'll win most of the time. Some highly successful "businessmen" of Sicilian extraction follow a similar principle, but they don't bother with lawsuits.
@John L. Ries

Come on! Are you really daft enough to believe folk hand over hard cash without knowing why? Get real! If they are, they know exactly why they're doing it. They have a duty to their shareholders and would end up in big trouble otherwise. They might not admit it, they might not tell you, but they know why.
@John L. Ries

This is ridiculous idea. If MS was just strong arming, Google could match them dollar for dollar and crush them in the market. You are just like SJVN. You're crafting the facts to fit your dogma.
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@John L. Ries
the people will rise against the axis of evil software : M$, Apple & Oracle and all the patents will be abolished. Then Linux and Android will blossom!
@John L. Ries "When MS makes public accusations, they must be true, because no executive employed by a successful company would ever lie, much less abuse the legal system."

No, you gotta check for yourself if they are true, unless you don't care to follow Microsoft opinion. I doubt this is the case of Google or Motorola.
@CJArnola "If MS was just strong arming, Google could match them dollar for dollar and crush them in the market."

It's not dollar for dollar, it's patent for patent. You can only play by the rules or you lose (as in every game).
@cantbeme

I love how he think's he knows better than Samsungs lawyers . Obviously MS has the most valuable IP in the world... and companies just want to keep them happy, or they could lose out big.
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@daniejam1 The problem is that we don't really know what's going on here. We don't know whether this is a legitimate "oh crap, we need to settle or else they'll get everything that isn't bolted down or on fire" or just a calculated move by Samsung to avoid having to go through the time and money that the case would cause them to spend, even if they are in the right.

For that matter, has there ever been a victorious lawsuit by Microsoft regarding their patents? They obviously have an advantage of vastly superior funding over just about anyone else out there, but has a case in which they're the plaintiff ever gone to judgment?
@Third of Five

Samsung and HTC will have very smart lawyers, companies like this just dont hand over money unless they have to....
@daniejam1

I think the telling line about that is "For what might be a nominal fee, Samsung and other companies avoid wasting years of time and money in court fighting them."

They are paying much less than what it would cost them to fight this. They may not believe that MS's IP is legal, but they don't want to expend the time and money to go to court and prove it.

And I do agree with SVJN on one point: Please, MS, show us the patents that Linux is violating. Their line of "Linux violates 200 of our patents" is as credible as McCarthy saying "I have a list of Communist sympathizers here in my hand" while he waved around a grocery list. If Linux is violating the patents, let's see them!
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No one knows what money is going where
daboochmeister 28th Sep
@daniejam1 - nothing said implies that MS is making money on this. They could be paying more to Samsung than vice versa. Smart lawyers will insist that there's SOME statement that Samsung is paying per Android device, as a way to support their corporate campaign. It doesn't mean that Samsung concluded that MS has a legitimate claim, nor anything about the value of that claim.

No matter how much anyone might wish it did.
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RE: Microsoft's Samsung Android Patent Troll Win
The Linux Geek Updated - 28th Sep
@cantbeme
Android is free if not for the axis of evil software: M$, Apple & Oracle.
Those who signed these dirty capitulation deals are either idiots either cowards with no principles.
@The Linux Geek

You need to get a grip.
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@daniejam1
I have a firm grip on my android devices.
@The Linux Geek Maybe when Google stops stealing, idiots like you and SJVN can stop crying.
Tech-religious much?
SJVN, please growup! and stop your anti-MS propaganda. Companies who sign checks to pay MS for their patents are not idiots.
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Nope
John L. Ries Updated - 28th Sep
@owlnet
Small business owners who pay protection money to mafiosi aren't idiots either.

Reply to the reply:

Mafiosi don't bother with lawsuits. Physical punishment is a lot more effective.

To the point: Accusations are not evidence of guilt and public accusations made with out the public disclosure of evidence are not only unreliable, but immoral, no matter how it's spun (in the old days, it was called "slander"). The capitulation of companies like Samsung is not evidence either and should not be cited as such.
@John L. Ries

No, because they would get sued otherwise, and that costs a lot more.
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That's just silly
wolf_z 28th Sep
@John L. Ries

"The capitulation of companies like Samsung is not evidence either and should not be cited as such."

Your statement is wishful thinking. As others have said companies like Samsung don't pay other companies unless they have to. And *many* companies have paid MS licensing on Linux.

Which, of course, should invalidate the GPL meaning they can't use Linux at all, but hey, if the FSF or Linus doesn't care why should I?

You're just being a fan-boy and making silly statements because you don't want it to be true.
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@wolf_z "As others have said companies like Samsung don't pay other companies unless they have to. "

Unless they are guilty or unless they have to? That's not the same thing.
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Microsoft really loves to ride on other's innovation, don't they? They can't innovate so what else can you expect from them?
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This is a really good read for me,cheap disney on ice tickets Must admit that you are one of the best bloggers I ever saying. Thanks for posting this edifying article.

photographer in San Antonio
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@SVJN:

Here they come with the name calling.
I'm outtie.

ttyl
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From what I've been reading, this is basically a case of extortion: Microsoft is forcing these companies to develop for and promote Windows Phone OS as a condition of being allowed to continue manufacturing Android devices. That's probably wht barnes & Noble is fighting rather than settling: they have no intention of developing an Windows Mobile tablet.

In other words, it simply highlights how badly Microsoft has dropped the ball in the Smartphone market, and how critical that market is to any company hoping to be a palyer in future tech.
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exactly
The Linux Geek Updated - 28th Sep
@dsf3g
M$ is only about extortion not innovation.
@dsf3g LOL! So protecting your IP that Google stole is now called extortion. I guess that's better than being a criminal organization that can only build things by stealing others technology.
@jhammackHTH by definition, IP can't be stolen. And since MS constantly refuses to say WHAT it is that is being "infringed", why should we believe them?
"And since MS constantly refuses to say WHAT it is that is being "infringed", "

MS most likely is telling Samsung exactly what is being infringed. Don't get confused here because this is where it gets very tricky and slightly damaging to your ego: MS is under no obligation to tell you anything. You don't count. Only Samsung counts (in this particular case). You are a nobody to MS.

"why should we believe them? "

Why should anyone, least of all MS, care what you do or don't believe about Samsung's possible infringements on MS patents? MS doesn't care what you believe. Samsung doesn't care what you believe. You are a nobody to MS.

To recap:
1. MS is saying exactly what is being infringed to the people that count. If they aren't telling you, it is because you don't count.
2. No one cares whether or not you believe MS, least of all MS. MS is under no obligation and has no incentive to make you believe anything at all.
3. You are a nobody to MS.

And in case you are wondering, you can substitute the word "MS" above with any for profit organization. "Apple", "IBM", "Oracle", and "Google" all fit just as well.
@jhammackHTH
Google took Linux to build Android (with proper credit due). M$ did not build Android but rob manufacturers of Android.
Which is worse?
@toddybottom
You keep forgetting one person that really doesn't count either, that's Steven.

You are quite correct that MS doesn't care about anyone here, and that includes the author. He writes these articles to make himself feel better for some reason. Must be a childhood issue where he blew it with a girl or something. For some reason seeing a successful geek (Bill Gates) just makes him crazy, you know, everyone should be rabid like he is.
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@dsf3g -> "From what I've been reading, this is basically a case of extortion: Microsoft is forcing these companies to develop for and promote Windows Phone OS as a condition of being allowed to continue manufacturing Android devices."

How about providing a credible source for this? And no, a blogger's website or some article on ZDNet without confirmable proof won't do. And neither will being adamant.

Proof is absolutely required when making claims such as this.
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@PollyProteus
If you remember, you could visit SCO's office, sign an NDA and then Darl McBride would show you SCO's "proof" of legal wrongdoing in the Linux kernel.

Then SCO tried to show its "proof" in Vegas to its Party Faithful, but someone leaked it to the Internet. Hours later, it was shown that the code in question was not only legally fine but also completely superfluous. At which point it was deleted.

And now, MS is denying those who know Linux best their chance to refute MS's claims. Are you surprised that people are suspicious?
I see the Microsoft propaganda machine is in full swing again. It will not be long before Microsoft is running just like it did before the Anti-Turst Trial. Patent trolling, is just one of their revenue streams. I wonder if the reason the patents are not disclosed is because many of them would be invalidated? This is one reason I hope Motorola wins against Microsoft. It may invalidate these patents and the others would be able to tell Microsoft to shove off.
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@Rick_Kl
You clearly have evidence that MS did not tell Samsung which patents MS wanted Samsung to license. Can you provide that evidence?

You can't?

Oh.

Don't be mad that Bill Gates beat you up when you were kids.
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I think you just slandered Bill Gates
John L. Ries Updated - 28th Sep
@toddybottom
I don't know of any credible accusations that he was a schoolyard bully when he was younger, no matter how his company behaves. I do suspect that those victimized by bullies as children are less likely to tolerate bullying (in any form) as adults, but this is a good thing, as tolerance for bullying makes it a lot easier to get away with.

I don't personally know that MS disclosed the patents to Samsung, but it seems likely to me that Samsung decided it was cheaper to give in than fight. On the other hand, MS may have offered some inducements to make the decision to agree to the license easier.

Regardless. none of the above is evidence of infringement and does not excuse MS' refusal to publicly disclose the patents.

Reply to toddybottom:

Is there any legitimate reason not to disclose the patents? It may be legal, but I think it's unethical and a legitimate reason for consumers to withhold their patronage from MS.
The practice was wrong when SCO did it (and I said so at the time); MS' decision to follow SCO's example does not legitimize it.
"none of the above is evidence of infringement and does not excuse MS' refusal to publicly disclose the patents. "

The biggest evidence of infringement is that company after company looks at what MS has told them and end up agreeing with Microsoft.

There is no requirement for anyone to publicly disclose anything. You do not have a right to know. I'm not sure why you even believe you should have a right to know. The only people who have the right to know are the people that MS has approached.

So yes, there is ample evidence of infringement. And while none of this "excuses" MS for not publicly disclosing this information, none of this is cause for villifying MS either. You do not need anyone's forgiveness for refusing to publicly disclose your salary. Likewise, MS does not need your forgiveness for refusing to publicly disclose what is private information.

What is wrong is that posters like Rick_Kl are lying about what is happening.
@toddybottom

"The biggest evidence of infringement is that company after company looks at what MS has told them and end up agreeing with Microsoft."

So your "evidence" is that companies don't want to spend millions on court costs over years to prove MS wrong? They instead want to pay a fraction of this cost to avoid that? Some evidence. Companies look at bottom lines.

Microsoft has been trumpeting the "Linux violates 200 of our patents" for several years now, but no one can seem to produce even one of these patents that are violated. There is no legal reason to disclose the patents, but it is the right thing to do. What is Microsoft afraid of? By NOT disclosing the patents they allow the public to continue speculation that those patents don't really exist or aren't as legit as they claim them to be.
@benched42

"So your "evidence" is that companies don't want to spend millions on court costs over years to prove MS wrong? They instead want to pay a fraction of this cost to avoid that? Some evidence. Companies look at bottom lines."

LOL! They are paying far more over the long term to Microsoft than they would ever pay in a lawsuit. Companies don't just hand over money when someone scream IP theft. You can be damn sure Samsung knows that Microsoft has a very strong case, otherwise they wouldn't pay Microsoft a dime, and you know it."

"Microsoft has been trumpeting the "Linux violates 200 of our patents" for several years now, but no one can seem to produce even one of these patents that are violated."

You're about as clueless as the day is long. The numerous patents Linux violates have been outed time and time again, by numerous sources. Microsoft doesn't bother with Linux as an OS, because it's irrelevant. They don't even have 1% market share. So why spend tons of money to bust them? They aren't even worth acknowledgement.
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Your full name.
Your address.
Your salary.
Your credit card number, expiry date, and CSC.

If not, what are you afraid of?

You are asking MS to publicly disclose what is not public information. You do not have a right to know. You don't even have a need to know. If that hurts your feelings, tough.
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@toddybottom
"The biggest evidence of infringement is that company after company looks at what MS has told them and end up agreeing with Microsoft."

More likely, that's just a "divide and conquer" strategy. Without knowing which patents are involved, there's no way of determining their validity. I'm certain that you haven't seen them, so your presumption of their validity is pure speculation. Have you considered that by approaching companies one by one, MS ensures that it is always cheaper for the pigeon to settle rather than sue?
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@jhammackHTH

jhammackHTH - They are paying far more over the long term to Microsoft than they would ever pay in a lawsuit.

You have any real evidence to that statement?

jhammackHTH - The numerous patents Linux violates have been outed time and time again, by numerous sources.

What sources and what patients?
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Zogg: you don't get it
toddybottom 28th Sep
"Without knowing which patents are involved, there's no way of determining their validity."

What you think about the validity of these patents is utterly irrelevant. No one cares what you think.

The only opinion that counts is Samsung's (in this case).

Let me repeat that. Your opinion doesn't count. Samsung's does.

Samsung believes these patents are valid.

That's all that counts.

I'll give you an example. I demand that you show me all of your tax forms from last year because I believe you may have cheated on your taxes.

If your answer is: "no, I will not show you my tax forms because your belief that I cheated on my taxes is irrelevant"
then you are beginning to understand.
@toddybottom

So you are now Samsungs spokesperson.

You assume that Zoggs opinion does not count. You assume that Samsung believes these patents are valid. You assume that someone will agree with your example. I see a lot of assumptions.

Steven you did you job today.
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RE: Microsoft's Samsung Android Patent Troll Win
FlatbushE21 Updated - 28th Sep
@The Linux fools.

You are not fools because you like Linux, that's fine i like it 2. You are fools because you think you have the right to know these things lol. While you are waiting for the info from Microsoft go ahead and ask Google, Apple, Oracle, IBM, Dell, HP, Amazon what their next products are. Ask when and where can you expect it to be available for mass consumption.
The internet has really given people the false notion that just because they like a companies products, they feel like a part of the company and have a right to know whats going on in the day to day business environment. You know why we are here and not in the board room because we are consumers, not CEO's, CFO's, Board Members. Please lose the false sense of entitlement maybe then you would see the tech industry for what it is (Money Making). They don't care about your opinions.
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Again with the irrelevant responses
Zogg Updated - 28th Sep
@toddybottom
"Samsung believes these patents are valid."

Oh really? Did Samsung tell you this? Or are you merely inferring this because it suits you to?

"I'll give you an example. I demand that you show me all of your tax forms from last year because I believe you may have cheated on your taxes."

What has this to do with anything? MS is claiming that Linux is infringing its patents. Speaking as someone who has contributed to the Linux kernel, I find it insulting that MS can extort money from companies for using what is in (some small) part my work.

Linux is developed in public. If MS has anything to say about Linux then it can tell the developers publicly too. Frankly, it looks more like as if the Linux developers are the last people whom MS wants to tell.
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Zogg: feel insulted all you want
toddybottom Updated - 28th Sep
"Speaking as someone who has contributed to the Linux kernel, I find it insulting that MS can extort money from companies for using what is in (some small) part my work."

It was your choice to donate your source code. It wasn't MS's choice. It wasn't Samsung's choice. Your delicate feelings are of no concern to anyone. Just because your mother told you that you were a beautiful snowflake doesn't make it true. Grow up.

"Did Samsung tell you this?"

Yes. Actions speak louder than words and Samsung's actions tell all of us that there is merit to this. Sorry if that insults you but that is the truth.

"What has this to do with anything?"

It has everything to do with it. I feel that I have a right to know if you have cheated on your taxes. I pay my fair share of taxes so I would be very insulted if I found out that you were cheating the system that I pay so much into.

Is this beginning to sound familiar?

It should. After all, it is your lame argument.

"Linux is developed in public. If MS has anything to say about Linux then it can tell the developers publicly too."

I'll answer this with a big: so what? You willingly donated your code. You don't own that code and no one cares if you are insulted by that, least of all MS and Samsung.

There is a license that Samsung had to agree to in order to use "your" code. If you have proof that Samsung has broken the conditions of that license then you can go ahead and sue Samsung. That is what you get in return for donating your code. If you didn't understand that before you donated your code then that is your fault, no one elses. You get nothing more in return. You do not get the right to find out what patents Samsung agreed to license from MS.

So go ahead. Feel insulted. No one cares.
  • Flagged
@toddybottom
Are you referring to the linux kernel that microsoft was supposedly one of the companies that have put code into while saying that the same linux kernel that's in android is violating there IP?
If microsoft is saying that linux is violating there ip why are they submitting code changes and patches ? ?

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