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Linux and Open Source

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols & Paula Rooney

The London Stock Exchange moves to Novell Linux

By | February 14, 2011, 3:46pm PST

Summary: The LSE is far from the only one stock exchange to switch to Linux. More and more stock exchanges are realizing that when you really need speed, security, and stability, Linux is the operating system you need.

September 8th 2008 was one of the worst days ever for the London Stock Exchange (LSE), and high-end Windows server-based applications. That was the day that the LSE came to a crashing stop. What happened? While the LSE has never come clean on the whole story, my sources told me that the LSE’s Windows-based .NET TradElec stock exchange had crashed. What we do know is that the CEO who had brought Windows and TradElec in was fired, TradElec was dumped, and a Novell SUSE Linux-based platform was brought in to replace it.

Today, February 14th, the LSE’s Linux-based Millennium Exchange took over and everything just worked. It did take longer to switch to Linux than expected, because of what the LSW first called “sabotage” but later put down to “human error” in late 2010. On its first day, out LSE ran like a charm.

It’s not the only stock exchange that’s found that Linux worked better. The Johannesburg Stock Exchange in South Africa is moving to Millennium Exchange. The LSE’s parent company is in the process of acquiring the Toronto stock exchange so it will soon be using Linux as well.

Novell’s not the only Linux company doing well by the stock exchanges. The Qatar Exchange, a major Persian Gulf Exchange, recently migrated from AIX and Windows to Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). These exchanges were only following in the footsteps many other stock and commodity exchanges that had moved to Linux.

A short, incomplete list of Linux-powered stock exchanges includes: The New York Stock Exchange and the Deutsche Borse Group’s family of Linux-based Xetra stock exchange platform exchanges. Xetra powers the International Securities Exchange, and the Eurex. The Xetra stack is also used by the Irish Stock Exchange, the European Energy Exchange, and the Shanghai Stock Exchange among others.

So why is the biggest of big business switching to Linux from Windows and Unix? It’s the three “Ss”: speed, security, and stability.

Day trading is so 20th century. Today’s sharp traders make their cash by running programs that trade milliseconds ahead of the other guy in High Frequency Trading. To do that you need really fast stock exchanges, which is where Linux comes in.

As a Deutsche Borse representative told me these days, “Speed, or ‘low-latency,’ is everything for exchanges. A fraction of a second can mean mega gains or losses to investors. Transactions that once took minutes and seconds to complete are now processed in thousandths and millionths of a second, with the fastest trading engines reaping the biggest benefits.”

They also have to be secure. When you’re looking at a million plus transactions per second, which is what both the LSE and Deutsche Borse claims their platforms can do, you don’t want anyone messing with the till for even a micro-second.

In addition, these systems have to be stable. The LSE failure cost millions of pounds. Traders, who’d expected a good day, were infuriated. Any system can, and will, fail, but Linux is simply far more stable on servers than its competitors.

So it was that September 8th 2008 was a black letter day for both the LSE and Windows. But, as it turned out, it would be a red letter day for Linux as Windows’ very public failure impelled the LSE, and other exchanges, to finally move to Linux.

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Topics

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, aka sjvn, has been writing about technology and the business of technology since CP/M-80 was the cutting edge, PC operating system

Disclosure

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols is a freelance writer. He does not own stocks or other investments in any technology company.

Biography

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, aka sjvn, has been writing about technology and the business of technology since CP/M-80 was the cutting edge, PC operating system; 300bps was a fast Internet connection; WordStar was the state of the art word processor; and we liked it!

His work has been published in everything from highly technical publications (IEEE Computer, ACM NetWorker, Byte) to business publications (eWEEK, InformationWeek, ZDNet) to popular technology (Computer Shopper, PC Magazine, PC World) to the mainstream press (Washington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, BusinessWeek).

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RE: The London Stock Exchange moves to Novell Linux
jfreedle2@... 10th Apr 2011
So they are downgrading to Linux. I feel sorry for them to down grade to one of the most insecure operating environments on the planet, the other being Macintosh Operating System.
-2 Votes
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Yeah whatever...
Peter Perry 14th Feb 2011
They have been fast for 10 years and one team screwing it up doesn't endorse any particular product...

sure it is great for Novell but I personally have hated the SuSE Variant since they bought it. Red Hat is just over charging for their products and personally I like Ubuntu and CentOS.
-2 Votes
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you must understand that Mr. Vaughan-Nichols
Mister Spock Updated - 14th Feb 2011
is under pressure to produce these types of statement, whenther he believes them or not, or suffer the same fate as the previous bloggers to this section of ZDNet.
-2 Votes
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same feeling
FADS_z 14th Feb 2011
@Mister Spock
His previous bashing ms article didn't go well.
The only part of technical analysis of crash is: first called ?sabotage? but later put down to ?human error? .

Hello, at least the first reported computer crash is a real bug.
2 Votes
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RE: The London Stock Exchange moves to Novell Linux
prof123 Updated - 14th Feb 2011
@Mister Spock Actually, most mission critical systems run Unix or Linux. For example, Mars Pathfinder, Mars Phoenix and other landers use autonomous software to operate, due to the great distance and 1/2 hour signal delay. Guess what? They use Linux OS for their reliability... imagine if they ran on Windows (ha-ha).. no one there to reboot.
0 Votes
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@prof123

Actually the mission critical OS is not Linux either. NASA runs VXWorks on the Mars lander and orbiter.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover
http://vip.cs.utsa.edu/classes/cs5523s2001/laboratories/MarsFinder.html
-2 Votes
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@Mister Spock
but then SJVN's posts just read too over the top to be believed half the time.

Next he'll attribute the uprising in Egypt to open source, claiming it could never have happened if everyone used Windows. wink
-1 Votes
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and other spacecraft over time. (ha-ha)

Guess they should have used Windows. wink
1 Vote
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Contributr
@Mister Spock Nope, I call them like I see them. Usually, when it comes to Windows that means I bash them. When MS gets something right though, like say Windows Server 2008 R2, I'll say that as well.

Steven
@sjvn@...: Nope, I call them like I see them. Usually, when it comes to Windows that means I bash them. When MS gets something right though, like say Windows Server 2008 R2, I'll say that as well.

Either that or you're really incompetent about technology.
-1 Votes
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Poor ye
LTV10 15th Feb 2011
Either that or you're really incompetent about technology.

This just isn't your day, now is it.

lol...
  • Flagged
@LTV10: This just isn't your day, now is it.

Seems like I've found myself a little dog that follows me around trying to nip at my heels.
  • Flagged
0 Votes
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Don't flatter yourself
LTV10 15th Feb 2011
@ye
You're getting about as ubiquitous as Loverock M$ Davidson.

more lol...
  • Flagged
0 Votes
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Yip, yip, yip, yip.
ye 15th Feb 2011
@LTV10: You're getting about as ubiquitous as Loverock M$ Davidson.
  • Flagged
0 Votes
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Poor, poor @ye
LTV10 15th Feb 2011
No Milk Bone for ye today

even more lol...
  • Flagged
0 Votes
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Yip, yip, yip, yip.
ye 15th Feb 2011
@LTV10: No Milk Bone for ye today

even more lol...


Yip, yip, yip, yip.
  • Flagged
0 Votes
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@prof123
Not sure the NASA Mars Pathfinder and Linux is accurate.
0 Votes
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@FADS_z human error is what can be found on each code line of ms-windows sources
0 Votes
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Ye the sheep...
search & destroy 15th Feb 2011
...now pretends to be a dog.

Bark, ye, bark!

LOL... grin
0 Votes
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RE: The London Stock Exchange moves to Novell Linux
prof123 Updated - 15th Feb 2011
@Mister Spock Actually, most mission critical systems and super computers use Linux or Unix. Nobody is foolish enough to use Windows on a spacecraft... The latest achievement in AI is Watson by IBM, which entered the Jeopardy game and can understand human speech... It runs AIX (IBM port of Unix)...
-1 Votes
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@Peter Perry - why the hell is this "news"? This was a story from 2 1/2 years ago.

What's more, the author chooses to ignore the fact that the reason the .NET exchange crashed is that the team who built it were inept. After all, they also screwed up the launch of the Linux-based replacement exchange:

http://www.linuxtoday.com/high_performance/2010110302135NWHESV

"The trading platform ? named Turquoise ? has been running on a new Linux-based system for the past two weeks. It was rendered inaccessible to market members for two hours on Tuesday, between 8:23am and 10:30am, the London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG) said in a statement.

London Stock Exchange halts Linux migration after network hit in ?suspicious circumstances?

It doesn't matter what technology you use if the team who uses it is incapable.
1 Vote
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It does if matter though
ego.sum.stig@... 15th Feb 2011
When the team that uses/designed/build it include large numbers of Microsoft's own tech hot shots that couldn't get Windows/.net to do what was required either reliably or at the speed required.

That's why in this case you can't really say it was the archetypal incompetent software engineering + code monkey crew who were to blame and not the tool/infrastructure to at least some (significant) degree.
@ego.sum.stig@...

The TradElect outage was caused by a 'network software' failure, which the press speculated implied Cisco software. The Stock Exchange wouldn't confirm the 'network software' was from Cisco, but did confirm that it was completely unrelated to the TradElect system developed by Accenture.

It's also worth pointing out that after Accenture developed TradElect, the London Stock Exchange decided to move IT operations in-house, away from Accenture. If they had left the IT systems under Accenture management, it's quite possible that the 2008 outage would never have happened.
1 Vote
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The MCSEs ignorance excludes technology comparisons, every solution is MS.

This sort of high availability tp application is unix's bread and butter. They've decades of experience pointing to it's successful application. Linux has simply lowered the cost.

There are those that believe a web browser and GUI are appropriate on servers, rebooting for software updates is required, and feeble application frameworks designed for visual IDEs can be responsibly used for multi-billion dollar transaction loads. They continue to fail, best they're replaced from the beginning.
0 Votes
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Really...
Peter Perry 14th Feb 2011
@Richard Flude i guess the millions of transactions my company does at any given day on windows servers doesn't really happen huh?
0 Votes
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I was thinking the same thing
John Zern 14th Feb 2011
@Peter Perry
but the Richard Fluids of this world just don't get it, they live in their little imaginary worlds, not knowing ther's a whol other world outside that works just fine on something other then what their company runs.

Denial is in their DNA, I guess.
1 Vote
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RE: The London Stock Exchange moves to Novell Linux
prof123 Updated - 14th Feb 2011
@Peter Perry

So why is the biggest of big business switching to Linux from Windows and Unix? Its the three Ss: speed, security, and stability.

The three "Ws" of MS Windows: wait, worry, and wobble...
0 Votes
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As they did for LSE
Richard Flude Updated - 14th Feb 2011
Until they realised it could be done more reliably (often important) and cheaper using something else.

The difference here and most "working" windows systems is it's public exposure means the MCSE wasn't able to cover the failure with an additional reboot (prefered MCSE problem investigation & resolution technique)

You believe a web browser and GUI belong on a server? Rebooting required for patches? .NET for high availability, high load, low latency?...

Perhaps you'd like to describe the transactions and MS technology platform so we can analyse the choices.

John Zern can outline one of his designs (ROFL)
@Peter Perry

It does happen. So does my company's (MS based )network. But when you need the high availability and reliability, nothing beats *Nix based system

Something works better on Windows. Something works better on linux. Not difficult to grasp right?
1 Vote
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@Peter Perry
I wish you will never have to worry about crashes, etc. And if you built sufficient redundancy even with Windows you can achieve some stability. But how much you want to invest in something like that?
Not too mention Windows platforms are just plain slower. There is no arguing about that.
@Peter Perry

That's quaint. But when you need guaranteed transactions, guaranteed availability, low cost, and scalability you don't use Microsoft technology. Throw in security and you have no reason to look at MS.

You could run it on a MS platform but at what cost? How many servers must you throw at it? How much time and energy maintaining them? Securing them?

Windows has no place in corporations.
1 Vote
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@Peter Perry - Yes, the transactions at your company occur. The only question is at what level of risk and the cost of recovery?

If the machine on which my son runs X-Plane flight simulator hangs once a day, that is ok. We can say that I should get him the other operating system, but it is not worth the investment in time and money. In this case risk is minimal and the cost of recovery is low (reboot).

For the LSE it is a much different situation. The risk impacts millions of people and the cost of recovery is high.
0 Votes
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RE: The London Stock Exchange moves to Novell Linux
Hallowed are the Ori 15th Feb 2011
@John Zern

but the Richard Fluids

LOL... "Richard Fluids". That sounds so disgusting...
-1 Votes
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@ITGUY08
"Windows has no place in corporations." Spoken like a guy who lives at home and works for McD's
-1 Votes
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THIS IS THE YEAR OF LINUX!

















Oh wait....
0 Votes
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@Cylon Centurion 0005

That was last year. Get with the times.
0 Votes
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@Michael Kelly -No! it was the year before that just look at Donnies posts! And he knows what he is talking about!
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@Cylon Centurion 0005
I'm a Linux user and found that funny :-)
At least Linux-in-disguise Android, embedded systems and web servers give us a bit to cheer about...
THIS IS THE YEAR OF LINUX!

Is certainly is on the London Stock Exchange, now isn't it. wink
1 Vote
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Linux an obvious choice if you ask me...
LiquidLearner 14th Feb 2011
...but not because Windows is bad. Something like a stock exchange is a very tailored application. And considering how big it is you're better off being able to build the OS/application together. Linux gives you the flexibility to do so. It seems like it's fairly obvious to me. I doubt there's "off the shelf" stock exchange programs.

What I really find amusing about Linux fanatics is just how much joy they take in every little victory. The fact that Linux found a home on a server farm where it can deliver the biggest benefit is to be celebrated. Yay! But Bing being at 20%+ market share, bah... it's a failure. They should just call it quits. I don't understand the logic. At all.

When you look at the pros and cons to say Microsoft isn't needed is to be completely blind. They offer an excellent top-to-bottom solution. When you need something better tailored, or in other server-oriented situations, Linux is a good choice. And in most companies Linux and Windows live side by side running just fine, without arguing and flame wars. Because most companies are objective and use the best tool for the job needed, be it from Microsoft or Red Hat.
1 Vote
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@LiquidLearner
I am a Linux zealot, but I think Bing success is a good thing. MS still plays dirty, but Google could use some competition.
I am not certain I have the same feelings for most of the other MS endeavors, simply because they are far too ruthless even for a big corporation.
Finally, MS does not offer excellent top-to-bottom solution. It is mediocre at best. Problem is most people are fine with mediocre as long as they do not need to show brain activity.
Office used to be brilliant. Not any more. Outlook is a screaming hell.
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@kirovs@...
Interesting, the market seems to disagree with that. Niche - like this example - is where it plays very well.
0 Votes
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@LiquidLearner Well said and very accurate
0 Votes
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You think it works fine...
jessepollard 14th Feb 2011
There is the unusual requirement that every AD server MUST be the authoritative domain name server for resource. With odd resource records.

Yes, the standard name server CAN provide those records... but the requirement means that there is no organization based name server. And that causes a LOT of conflicts as the name/IP provided by AD does not have anything to do with the official FQDN name... which causes conflicts with external (or even internal) services that validate connections with reverse lookups...
0 Votes
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@jessepollard Please read this discussion, it may clear up some problems you're having:

http://www.eggheadcafe.com/software/aspnet/34975307/fqdn.aspx
They could have easily gone with FreeBSD (or one of its variants) as this OS handles heavier workloads a lot beter than GNU/Linux does. I'm a LInux supporter but I'm also not blind to OS alternatives that can do the job better.
0 Votes
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I like Liquid Learner's response here.
1 Vote
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Agreed.....
linux for me 15th Feb 2011
@rikasa

What John Zern, Rockhead Davidson, Ye, and the other Microsoft trolls refuse to accept, is that there ARE other alternatives that are better better than Microsoft for any particular solution, but they are just too blind to see them.

I have worked with many OS's, Unix, linux, VMS, All versions of Windows, and am/was certified on most of them. They really have no idea what proper system and network administration is all about, and their comments show it. This also goes for some of the linux fan boys too.

You consider what the customer wants, the budget constraints, applications needed/available, etc, then you pick the right tool for the job. In my case, more often than not, that turns out to be linux solution, but not always.

Maybe some day, these little kids will grow up....But not likely.
0 Votes
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LOL!
ye Updated - 15th Feb 2011
@linux for me: What John Zern, Rockhead Davidson, Ye, and the other Microsoft trolls refuse to accept, is that there ARE other alternatives that are better better than Microsoft for any particular solution, but they are just too blind to see them.

Which is why I use OS X, Solaris, and Linux in addition to Windows. Strange definition of "refuse to accept" and "too blind to see them" you've got there.

Maybe some day, these little kids will grow up....But not likely.

Yet we still hold out hope for you.
0 Votes
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So you say
LTV10 15th Feb 2011
Which is why I use OS X, Solaris, and Linux in addition to Windows. Strange definition of "refuse to accept" and "too blind to see them" you've got there.

But even you can make up things here.
0 Votes
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Not everyone is dishonest like yourself.
ye Updated - 15th Feb 2011
@LTV10: But even you can make up things here.

Some of us like to engage in civilized, rational, mature, and honest conversations. I'm sure that's difficult for you to believe given your propensity for the opposite.

[ye@gx620 ~]$ uname -a
Linux gx620 2.6.9-89.35.1.0.1.ELsmp #1 SMP Tue Jan 18 18:26:56 EST 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
[ye@gx620 ~]$ date
Tue Feb 15 08:44:12 MST 2011

ye@v210$ uname -a
SunOS v210 5.10 Generic_142900-03 sun4u sparc SUNW,Sun-Fire-V210
ye@v210$ date
Tue Feb 15 10:03:20 MST 2011

63:~ root# uname -a
Darwin 63.240.145.135 9.6.0 Darwin Kernel Version 9.6.0: Mon Nov 24 17:39:01 PST 2008; root:xnu-1228.9.59~1/RELEASE_PPC Power Macintosh
63:~ root# date
Tue Feb 15 11:14:14 CST 2011
0 Votes
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So they are downgrading to Linux. I feel sorry for them to down grade to one of the most insecure operating environments on the planet, the other being Macintosh Operating System.

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