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Linux and Open Source

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols & Paula Rooney

The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity

By | April 4, 2011, 3:58pm PDT

Summary: With the Ubuntu Linux 11.04 beta, we’re getting out first look at Ubuntu’s new Unity face.

When Mark Shuttleworth, founder of Ubuntu announced that the next version of the popular Linux, Ubuntu 11.04, would use Unity, instead of GNOME as its default desktop interface he shocked the Linux desktop community. Now, with the release of the Ubuntu 11.04 beta, we can get a real look at Unity.

Before going into that though, let me answer the question of why Ubuntu has decided to move from pure GNOME to the GNOME-based Unity. As Shuttleworth explained to the Ubuntu developers, “Lots of people are already committed to Unity–the community, desktop users, developers, and platform and hardware vendors.” In particular, he noted, “Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) favor Unity. They’re happy to ship it.”

That last part is important. Shuttleworth has told me that Dell, which he said had sold several million Ubuntu desktops, laptops, and netbooks, supports the project. In addition, Canonical has desktop deals in place with Lenovo and Acer. These arrangements may lead to these, and other, major PC OEMs finally releasing Ubuntu desktops in the U.S and European markets.

In short, Unity is Shuttleworth, and Ubuntu’s attempt, to capture not just a bigger share of the now stagnant desktop market. Its Ubuntu’s shot at capturing a lion’s share of the netbook, desktop, tablet, and smartphone markets. The master idea is that users, and OEMs, will want one interface for all user devices. Or, as Shuttleworth put it, “There will be no fault-line for OEMs between desktops.”

First things first. Unity is not a GNOME fork. “Unity is a shell for GNOME, even if it isn’t GNOME Shell,” explained Shuttleworth. “We’re committed to the principles and values of GNOME.”

Some people in GNOME circles would disagree, but be that as it may. Just as Ubuntu is based solidly on Debian, so Unity is based on GNOME.

Under Unity’s hood, there are several technical differences. Instead of GNOME’s Mutter windows manager, Unity uses Compiz for the windows manager. On top of this, Ubuntu developers use Zeitgeist, a framework that tracks and correlates relationships between the user’s activities to supply applications with contextually relevant data.

Page 2: [You and Unity] »

Topics

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, aka sjvn, has been writing about technology and the business of technology since CP/M-80 was the cutting edge, PC operating system

Disclosure

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols is a freelance writer. He does not own stocks or other investments in any technology company.

Biography

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, aka sjvn, has been writing about technology and the business of technology since CP/M-80 was the cutting edge, PC operating system; 300bps was a fast Internet connection; WordStar was the state of the art word processor; and we liked it!

His work has been published in everything from highly technical publications (IEEE Computer, ACM NetWorker, Byte) to business publications (eWEEK, InformationWeek, ZDNet) to popular technology (Computer Shopper, PC Magazine, PC World) to the mainstream press (Washington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, BusinessWeek).

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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
elwoodathome 3rd Nov
@Loverock Davidson
A very late response but as a casual user I find nothing wrong with Ubuntu. It has all the tools I need and then some. I now understand why they pick on your responses. You seem a very cruel individual.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
DannyO_0x98 4th Apr 2011
It really reminds me of GNUStep which I gather took its salient look and feel elements from NeXTStep.

How invested is Canonical in Unity's polishing? You know what? it doesn't matter. It costs me just as much to use Ubuntu as Mint as PC-BSD/KDE. I'm not paying anything so I don't care where they put the buttons or what color is the background. Or what the window manager is. Does it take a single or double click to open?

Seems to me, though, that if Canonical had paying customers who were invested in the system's stability and usability, we wouldn't see releases, such as Kubuntu after KDE went 4.0, that were barely usable. Is 11.04 Ubuntu going to be cleaned up in 3 weeks, or will it be deja vu all over again?
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Doughbury 5th Apr 2011
@DannyO_0x98 I agree that it doesn't matter. I don't care for Unity myself, so I switched to Linux Mint. Problem solved.

I applaud Ubuntu for trying something new. I realize I am not the only one who uses Linux, and so no distro has to cater to me alone. I wish Canonical luck, and who knows, maybe a few years down the road I will be using a fork of Unity that addresses all the problems I had with it.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
David A. Pimentel 5th Apr 2011
@Doughbury Please elaborate on what problems you had with it. There are those, like myself, who are not familiar with the ins and outs of all these different shells, and we appreciate any constructive criticism that is made available. Thanks in advance.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Doughbury 5th Apr 2011
What I dislike most about Unity is its inflexibility. I like that GNOME let's me add panels, move them around, and populate them with what I please. Unity doesn't allow me to change much. Mostly, I'd like to autohide the launcher. It takes up too much space. I also don't like to have one UI for all my devices. I like two panels on my desktop, one panel on my laptop, and the stripped-down panel of Joli OS on my netbook. In a nutshell, I want more options than what Unity offers.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
zandm7 5th Apr 2011
@Doughbury Good points (with your above post, starting "What I dislike most...than what Unity offers") about the inflexibility of Unity (I agree), but in Ubuntu 11.04's version of Unity, the launcher does auto-hide (as long as the app running is maximized or on the left edge of the screen, to the point where it would normally overlap with the launcher).
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nomorebs Updated - 14th Apr 2011
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Contributr
RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
sjvn@... 6th Apr 2011
@DannyO_0x98 It does look like GNUStep, which you're right comes to us via NeXTStep, but the feel is quite different.

Steven
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Gabriel Hernandez 4th Apr 2011
Great job Linux developers. If this OS is multi touch, that means we're going to see many professionals using Blender and Gimp application on Ubuntu 11 tablets for multimedia projects for free. I would also think the Linux community should have a nice application suite for music production like GarageBand, this would enable many professionals for the music industry to install Ubuntu 11 on their tablets and do some great innovation on the music industry.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Viper589 11th Apr 2011
@Gabriel Hernandez

Uh no blender doesn't even come close to the gaming industry standard unreal engine And as for gimp something it dosent even come close to photoshop so...
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Loverock Davidson 4th Apr 2011
Again linux makes another desktop that makes the user feel stupid. Why linux always insists in belittling the intelligence of its users is beyond me. I feel good knowing I'm too smart to use this OS with this interface. I can go on to other OSs and be productive. Best part of this article is how Dell is blowing smoke up Shuttleworth's butt by saying they sold millions of ubuntu desktops. I had to laugh when I read that. Everyone knows its not true but the linux fanboys will believe it anyway because they desperately want linux to succeed even though its been one failure after another. Go back to compiling your source code boys, I'm actually going to use my computer for its intended purpose instead of waiting for code to compile or tweaking config files. I have to laugh when I see the mere mention of ubuntu.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
daikon 4th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson
Someone sounds more jealous than anything.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Loverock Davidson 5th Apr 2011
@daikon
That's right, linux has every reason to be jealous of other operating systems, after all that is where it steals all its ideas.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
guzz46 4th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson

Funny, i thought people criticized linux for "apparently" being harder to use than windows, but here you are criticizing it for being too easy, i guess you just can't please some trolls.

All i can say is that you must really find linux threatening if you feel the need to post your FUD on every linux article.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Loverock Davidson 5th Apr 2011
@guzz46
I never said it was easy or hard, I just said it treats the user like they are dumb. I don't find linux the least bit threatening, but you do since you are spreading your FUD to protect it.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
robsku 13th May 2011
@guzz46
When I first started reading & commenting here I thought that Loverock was actually trying seriously but then I went to consider him as exceptionally funny troll wink

I guess it's best to troll for all directions - someone will surely get hit specially if you do it all in same post wink


@loverock
robin@raippa:/var/www/testblog$ wtf FUD
FUD: fear, uncertainty and doubt

Heh, how does that work for you? grin
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guzz46 Updated - 6th Apr 2011
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Socratesfoot 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson So you praise the bathroom tile interface which markets itself specifically as being so simple an ideiot can do it, then criticize Ubuntu for coming up with a similarly simple interface. Double standard much? I'm personally excited that I can use this on my TV or tablets. Quick, easy, and most importantly free.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Loverock Davidson 5th Apr 2011
@Socratesfoot
What double standard? I praise good UI design which ubuntu lacks.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Splatus 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson
your experience seems different from mine. I recently switched to Ubuntu and have not noticed any code compiling or other issues you describe. I switched since I actually wanted to use my computer as you describe "for its intended purpose". Basic wordprocessing, spreadsheets and internet acccess. I dont need several hundred $ worth of software for that and wait for minutes until it boots (yes, I have old, old hardware but it works fine).

So, take it from the non-IT expert, Ubuntu just works fine for every day use.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Loverock Davidson 5th Apr 2011
@Splatus
You spent multiple hours downloading and burning an ISO and then twice as much time installing and reconfiguring just for those tasks. Yep, you just wasted your time trying to do something "for its intended purpose" but it ended up costing you more.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
zandm7 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson Maybe he spent multiple hours downloading/burning the ISO, but it's not like he spent all that time sitting in front of the computer twiddling his thumbs. The way most people treat big downloads is that they start them, leave and do something else productive, and then come back when it's finished (same thing with ISO burning, even if it takes a LOT less time than downloading). Also, your logic is rather flawed. You say he spent multiple hours downloading and burning an ISO (which would be at least 2-3 hours) and twice as long to install and configure. That would be at least 4-6 hours. Highly unlikely. So, to make a long story short, installing Ubuntu is NOT a massive waste of time and, in fact, saves much money because A) the operating system itself is free (which already saves you 200-300 bucks), B) almost all (99%) of the software is free (saving you probably more than 200-300 bucks in the long run), and C) there's no need to buy any antivirus software (which saves A LOT of money). To make this long story short, it doesn't end up "costing you more" to use Linux/Ubuntu. Someone kick this troll.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
robsku 13th May 2011
LOL, had to try, took me 4 minutes to download Debian GNU/Linux install CD image and virtually no-time to burn it. Install is quick and painless, one reboot required - when installation is finished.

Sure, in 2001 when I first downloaded Red Hat 7.1 it took a load of time to download and install - surely however worth of my time (which was during the installation well used for Other Things in Life that some might have a clue about).

Funny thing for both, everything and "its intended purpose" I haven't missed windows (which drived me to try alternatives already in '97 when I purchased OS/2 WARP 4) ever since that.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
prof.ebral 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson You are a complete sphincter. Dell has sold millions of Ubuntu desktops. I hope you get banned someday because all you ever do is troll.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
saneu@... 5th Apr 2011
@prof.ebral I agree that LD is a troll, but he is so much fun to read. He makes the rest us feel smarter somehow.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Loverock Davidson 5th Apr 2011
@prof.ebral
I highly doubt Dell sold millions of ubuntu systems. There is no way that would be possible. Just because I don't like linux is no reason to be banned. You should appreciate my comments because I'm trying to help out linux by pointing out its many many downsides.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Viva la crank dodo 5th Apr 2011
@LD
Please explain why it is not possible. I know you don't like to bring up actual facts to back up your claims but could you at least make some up?
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@prof.ebral
of the quanitity of Linux units sold by Dell?
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
zandm7 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson I have one word to say to you, mister: TROLL.

Also, you're showing the "the fruit in the trees must be sour since I can't reach it" mentality. In fact, you admit it yourself when you say that Linux makes you feel stupid, belittles your intelligence, and that you feel good knowing you're too smart to use this OS [Linux] with this interface. Classic case of the inferiority complex (and contradicting oneself). And when you say you can go on to other OSes and be productive, you are saying you can go on to one of two operating systems: Mac, or Windows, your only two choices since you refuse to use Linux. And it never said in the article that they [Dell] sold millions of Ubuntu desktops. And finally, Linux hasn't been one failure after another. It's been around for ages; if it had failed or was failing at any time, it wouldn't be around anymore, and Canonical would not be making any new releases. Finally lastly finally, I use Ubuntu everyday on my laptop and desktop, and not once have I compiled source code or tweaked config files.

PS: Of course you have to laugh when you see the mere mention of Ubuntu: just cause it's that awesome!
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Viva la crank dodo 5th Apr 2011
@zandm7
At least throw a reference to Oedipis complex into your analysis of LD for good measure.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
sean_hando@... 5th Apr 2011
@zandm7 said 'And it never said in the article that they [Dell] sold millions of Ubuntu desktops'

Taken directly from the article: "That last part is important. Shuttleworth has told me that Dell, which he said had sold several million Ubuntu desktops, laptops, and netbooks, supports the project"
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
guzz46 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson

Nothing you say makes any sense, if a dumb person can use it then it would be classed as easy to use, and if i found linux threatening then i wouldn't be using it now would i? i would be spreading FUD about it like you do.

Its trolls like you that find linux a threat to microsoft so you go around spreading FUD about it, why? can windows not hold its own against linux? you are only showing how insecure you are about your OS of choice.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
adamant715 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson

Have you even used Ubuntu recently? It is unbelievably simple to open a menu, launch the software center, and search for an app. NO COMPILING REQUIRED.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
james.vandamme 6th Apr 2011
@adamant715 ...and if it takes you HOURS to download a distro, you should get off dialup. Or, try Puppy or something light.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
mjolnar@... 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson The only one that should feel stupid is you, Loverock. I doubt you have ever tried any version of Linux. It is quite obvious that you can't even handle cookie cutter Windows, you could never use an adult Operating System.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
a_happy_penquintar.gz Updated - 5th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson
Still up to your ol' tricks I see. You've gotten sloppy though. You're certainly entitled to your opinion but you've gotten away from giving a good debate, backing up your stuff, and have fallen back on emotional rhetoric to emote knee-jerk reactions. Have you lost your touch?

Sorry, still working on more certifications so won't be around for a while longer. Hope to be back soon.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Jimster480 6th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson Your such a fail troll that its literally sad.
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Takes me 18 to 35 minutes to download,
pfyearwood 11th Apr 2011
@Loverock Davidson and another 10 to 15 minutes to burn the ISO.takes me Zero minutes to compile because I never had to. I have two machines with four installations of Linux, 2 Ubuntu, that give me less trouble than my two installments of Windows, 7 and XP. Which gives me lots of time to read your insanity. I hope you stopped drooling on your keyboard.

Paul
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
elwoodathome 3rd Nov
@Loverock Davidson
A very late response but as a casual user I find nothing wrong with Ubuntu. It has all the tools I need and then some. I now understand why they pick on your responses. You seem a very cruel individual.
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Disappointing Unity
jpr75_z 4th Apr 2011
I was hoping for something new and innovative from Linux. Sadly, that is once again, a pipe dream. BFD - an application doc. Does Linux ever really change?
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
daikon 4th Apr 2011
@jpr75_z
What do you need Linux to change?
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
daengbo 5th Apr 2011
@jpr75_z Want radically different? Try 3D desktops, tiling window managers, or even the new GNOME. Linux has a lot of radical desktops, but few people like to learn anything new, so these rarely take off.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
Socratesfoot 5th Apr 2011
@jpr75_z Use jelly windows. It sucks, is completely useless, and distracting...but it IS different.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
robsku 13th May 2011
@jpr75_z
First off, this news is about Ubuntu distribution and default software choices it ships & installs with.

Secondly when Linux and software (open) available changes from implementing everything possible in existence (to what? System providing only one type of desktop, poor cmd-like shell, etc.?) I'll switch to BSD wink

Provided is not only something but loads of different tools, UI's and everything... Included emulators and APIs to run programs from other OS's and even hardware...
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
bitrate Updated - 4th Apr 2011
I applaud Canonical in its attempt to bring some much-needed innovation to the Linux desktop, however i'm not sure that making Unity the common unifying desktop environment for all its OS platforms is the right way to go. Linux enthusiasts don't like the simplistic and childish look and feel of Unity as it seems geared more towards those clueless end-users who treat computers as appliances. Real Linux power users can of course revert to GNOME classic but that in effect is nothing more than a bone toss by Canonical to appease criticism.

Canonical appears to be going down a thinly-disguised proprietary route with both Unity and Wayland as the bite of being a Linux charity for too long starts to set in. Before we know it, Canonical may end up like Apple - a closed proprietary shop that bullies its customers into doing things Apples way or else. I really hope this doesn't happen but I feel that Shuttleworth knows he can't keep throwing money on a project with little return.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
daengbo 5th Apr 2011
@bitrate Unity's exhaustive keyboard shortcuts means that the desktop isn't simplistic -- in fact, it mimics what many users (not me) did, by adding a dock (Docky or AWN) and a launcher (generally GNOME Do) to the install. All that same functionality is there or nearly there already. The best elements of a tiling WM are there with window grid shortcuts.

Considering the short development cycle (they just ported over to being a Compiz plugin this cycle), it's amazingly complete and stable. Basing the whole thing on Compiz WM is smart because it's well tested and flashy, yet functional.

By 11.10, everything should be humming along.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
OffsideInVancouver 5th Apr 2011
@bitrate

"it seems geared more towards those clueless end-users who treat computers as appliances"

You mean the massed ranks of consumers, right? Canonical want to increase market share and the best way to do that is make it look sexy.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
jatbains 4th Apr 2011
Not impressed. I believe the next paradigm in user interfaces is an interface that adapts to the user, not the other way around. That is depending on your needs and/or what applications you use the interface reflects it. If you are a heavy Facebook user then that information would be prominent i.e. Notifications (tiles etc.) If you are a business user then it would prominently display your corporate information, announcements etc.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
daengbo 5th Apr 2011
@jatbains Microsoft tried that and had to discard the idea because people work on muscle memory and systems like that keep people from getting productive.

I agree that it would be nice, though.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
rlp1938 5th Apr 2011
I get RSS feeds of your blog via Google Reader and I use Chrome Browser. Linking to Page 2 ALWAYS fails. I just get a heap of code showing in the browser window. I hope zdnet employs one person with enough knowledge to fix this.
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RE: The new Ubuntu Desktop: Unity
fairportfan 5th Apr 2011
Played with it for five minutes. My Ubuntu Beta is now set on "Ubuntu Classic".

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