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Wal-Mart vs Amazon in California tax law battle: Booksellers in the crossfire

By | July 20, 2011, 9:44pm PDT

Summary: California’s internet tax battle reveals a clash of retail titans Amazon.com and Wal-Mart, making pawns out of American booksellers and consumers.

California’s state tax battle reveals a nationwide clash between retail titans Amazon.com and Wal-Mart, while American booksellers and consumers are used as pawns.

At the end of June, Amazon.com dropped thousands of California affiliates when the state passed a sales tax law that the online retailer believes is unconstitutional. And Amazon wants to take this fight to the ballot box.

Amazon has submitted referendum papers to undo the new law in the next statewide election - while Wal-Mart and pals ramped up its national anti-Amazon “Main Street Fairness” PR campaign.

That’s right: Wal-Mart (along with Target, Overstock.com, Target, Best Buy, Home Depot and Barnes & Noble) are behind the propaganda-heavy “Alliance for Main Street Fairness” PR campaign. They’re the ones pushing states to make the new tax laws, while making no bones about the fact that they’re after Amazon.com on a nationwide scale.

I’m guessing you’re with me in thinking that Wal-Mart isn’t exactly what anyone would call synonymous with “main street fairness.” And yes: they were quick to blame Amazon for Borders’ shutdown.

See also: RIP: Borders Books

However, I’ll be the first to agree that Amazon dumping over 10,000 online affiliates (small businesses in their own right) didn’t exactly do them any favors in the goodwill department.

California lawmakers aren’t coming out of this smelling like roses either.

Californians already pay sales tax on their online purchases due to recent enforcement of the “use tax” laws, where residents are required to declare what they owe in out of state online purchases on their tax returns. Passing the new tax law on top of the use tax law feels to me like double-dipping and dirty pool - and it’s called double taxation.

Amazon hasn’t exactly turned their backs on the issue. After the Board of Equalization declared that Amazon still had nexus in the California, on July 7 the online retailer formally filed a request with the California Attorney General’s office for a voter referendum to overturn AB 28X.

Wal-Mart’s sock puppet “The Alliance for Main Street Fairness” has an excellent PR department, with which they’ve spun the tax law rhetoric into “sales tax fairness” and trotted out appliance salesmen to plead the case of the little guy.

Many were quick to point out that few people buy refrigerators online.

Prior to the dramatic signing of the nexus law in California, “Main Street Fairness” had cozied up to the American Booksellers Association, Northern California Independent Booksellers Association, and Southern California Independent Booksellers Association. This enabled “Main Street’s” message to tap into booksellers’ grass-roots reach.

It also tapped into the fear, uncertainty and frustration felt by booksellers faced with a turbulent market whose uncertain future is being shaped by consumer demand for e-books and other hallmarks of the e-commerce era.

Amazon has been fighting state law tax battles in many states - in some instances dropping affiliates, in others, coming to agreements with states. Amazon states they want a tax structure that is applied evenly across all states.

Amazon cites the Supreme Court’s 1992 ruling that expanding nexus in this way puts undue burden on, and in fact, hinders interstate commerce. In it, the Court overturned North Dakota’s expanded nexus, saying that Congress should resolve the matter. They determined that there should be a safe harbor for vendors “whose only connection with customers in the taxing State is by common carrier or the United States mail.”

Nonetheless, Amazon has launched an effort to overturn the law and submitted referendum papers to the State Attorney General’s office. If approved, Amazon will begin collecting the 504,000 signatures needed to qualify the measure for the next statewide election in 2012, currently set for February.

The American Booksellers Association responded by reaffirming their ties with Wal-Mart’s “Main Street Fairness” while claiming in an email statement to booksellers that Amazon was merely trying to maintain its “unfair sales tax advantage over Main Street retailers.”

The ABA also said the associations would be reaching out to California booksellers to do outreach in support of Main Street’s agenda and engage their customers to do Main Street’s lobbying.

I’m an author, small publisher and a book lover - I was also a California Amazon affiliate, so as an individual and an indie small business owner I have a lot of interest here. The ABA is an organization with the best intentions for American booksellers, but I can’t help but thinking that partnering up with the interests behind “Main Street” and parroting its PR simply smells rotten.

I feel like people I care about, the booksellers themselves, are being used as pawns by Wal-Mart, Target, Best Buy, Home Depot, Overstock.com and Barnes & Noble.

It’s especially disturbing because the small retailers have been the ones most put to early graves by Wal-Mart and pals.

While getting the ABA to spin rhetoric to booksellers about creating a “level playing field” it’s the so-called big box retailers that destroyed the real Main Street shops through competitive advantages - such as tax loopholes and Wal-Mart’s notorious state tax avoidance schemes.

Basically, Wal-Mart is being hurt by online retailers and claims that online retailers have an “unfair tax advantage” so they’re doing something about it.

At any rate - thanks for the extra tax, Wal-Mart. You may be selling it, but I’m not buying it.

Image by Kevin Dooley, under Creative Commons 2.0 Generic license, via Flickr.

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Violet Blue is a Forbes Web Celeb, SF Appeal contributor, a high-profile tech personality and one of Wired's Faces of Innovation.

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Violet Blue

I am currently freelancing part-time (only) for ReadWriteWeb for their general news blog and their Start (startup tools) channel; this was made in agreement that I would not write about anything that might conflict subjects in my blog (no sex content). I'm under contract to publisher Cleis Press for editing three more books (only) with the topics of women's/couples' erotica. I have been writing and editing books for Cleis Press for ten years on the subjects of erotica and human sexuality (guidebooks). I'm not under exclusive contract anywhere/to anyone/to anything, I have no investments.

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Violet Blue

Violet Blue (tinynibbles.com, @violetblue) is a Forbes Web Celeb, SF Appeal contributor, a high-profile tech personality and one of Wired's Faces of Innovation. She is regarded as the foremost expert in the field of sex and technology, a sex-positive pundit in mainstream media (MacLife, Forbes.com, The Oprah Winfrey Show, others) and is regularly interviewed, quoted and featured prominently by major media outlets (from ABC News to the Wall Street Journal). A published feature writer and columnist, Violet also has many award-winning, best-selling books; her books are featured on Oprah's website. She was the notorious sex columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle. She headlines at conferences ranging from ETech, LeWeb and SXSW: Interactive, to Google Tech Talks at Google, Inc. The London Times named Blue one of the 40 bloggers who really count.

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RE: Wal-Mart vs Amazon in California tax law battle: Booksellers in the crossfire
FAULKNE 13th Oct
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I don't want to pay extra if I don't have to .... but fair is fair.

Just because Amazon is a web only store it should not mean that they should be except from paying taxes while everybody else must comply with state tax laws.
@wackoae This is not about amazon paying taxes. It is about California consumers paying sales tax on items purchased from amazon. The irony here is that the 10,000 amazon affiliates probably paid more income tax to California than does (just a guess). The point is do not confuse income tax with sales tax.
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I like the part where she said that
William Pharaoh 21st Jul
@wackoae
Californians already pay sales tax on their online purchases due to recent enforcement of the ?use tax? laws, where residents are required to declare what they owe in out of state online purchases on their tax returns

Come on, how many people are going to put their online purchases on their tax return so that they'll have to pay the taxes? 5%? 10%?.
@William Pharaoh
So, those people are responsible, not Amazon. Just because people are being dishonest doesn't mean the government gets to double dip.
@William Pharaoh
so there won't be any double dipping.
I pay sales tax at time of purchase in a store, so I'm not required to pay it on my tax form.

Why should all the brick an morter stores have to do that, but online companies are exempt from it all?

They should have to deal with the same rules that a brick and morter company does as they are selling the same products, basically running the same business, a retail establishment.
@William Pharaoh
You miss the point of the tax...
It would only apply to the Amazon affiliate sales where the affiliate sells from or resides in Cali.
This does not affect normal Amazom purchases.
This confuses things even more. How do you as a consumer know which is which? So Amazon has to track and provide you a statement to differentiate between Cali affiliate and all other sales?
Oof! sad
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@wackoae
What a joke! Swallow every mom and pop, then complain when competitions comes along!
@wackoae

Yes it DOES mean that! Amazon doesn't use the local infrastructure in the town of the purchaser, so why should it or the consumer pay taxes to the consumer's town/county??? Brick and mortars add costs to those districts in the form of street work, traffic lights, water, sewer, police and fire protection, etc. Let Amazon pay for those itself to the municipalities where it has physical facilities! Again, taxes should only be paid where accompanying benefits are received by the payer in return!
@techboy_z - hear hear.
@techboy_z BINGO! Amazon is not using any of the local infrastructure or anything else in the state, so there is no reason to pay sales tax on this. Companies delivering the products like UPS and USPS pay the required taxes for the shipping and that is it. Walmart and its politician friends should stop wining!
@techboy_z Amazon is not being ask to pay the taxes they are being made to collect the taxes. Can you argue that the people who bought the products don't use water, sewer, police, fire protection, streets? As a private business owner I have personally been undercut by online retailers, not because their prices are lower, they're higher!! But when the customer gets a 7 to 10% discount because they don't have to pay the sales tax it is impossible to be competitive. These online gimmics must be stopped if we are going to have any opportunity for a level playing field. Yes Walmart gets way to many tax breaks and that should be ended too, but in this instance they happen to be correct.
@techboy_z CA views Amazon as a CA company, due to the presence of its affiliates. It has physical facilities in CA, in CAs view anyway.
@drstory

Actually, in CA Amazon is being asked to pay the taxes. In CA sales tax is levied against the seller not the buyer. CA permits sellers to pass the tax on to buyers as long as they tell the buyer they are doing so and the buyer agrees to the terms of sale.
@wackoae Amazon and brick & mortar (WalMart) doesn't pay taxes - consumers pay all corporate and sales taxes. Get a life! If you want to pay double taxes, that's your gift the a busted/over spending government. No me!
@wackoae - I'm so tired of this "itso unfair!" mentality.

Screw fair; Amazon not paying taxes in California is *just*.
Just because the State of California is peopled with idiots, who put corrupt idiots in office, doesn't mean Amazon should have to pay the ridiculous taxes that California wants to collect to promote its socialist state.

Is it fair that I, simply because I don't live in Idaho, don't have to pay Idaho State income tax? But, I eat Idaho potatoes! So obviously they have a "right" to take money from me, right? Wrong!

Good for Amazon, and anyone else who can wiggle their way out of paying State (or even better, federal) taxes! The more we starve the beast, the weaker it will become until maybe places like California and Washington DC begin to realize that it's not their job to socially engineer the State/nation.
"Californians already pay sales tax on their online purchases due to recent enforcement of the ?use tax? laws, where residents are required to declare what they owe in out of state online purchases on their tax returns. Passing the new tax law on top of the use tax law feels to me like double-dipping and dirty pool - and it?s called double taxation."

I really have a hard time believing the state wants the tax twice. I suspect the new law is just a way to make sure they get it paid once instead of never.
@raleighthings - Have you read California's tax laws recently? We literally pay taxes on other taxes!!! Because of California, some ERP software tax software literally ask "Tax on Tax?" to verify.
Poorly researched story.

First of all Overstock.com is not trying to push the new law. Overstock was on Amazons side.

Second this is not a double tax and never has been.

Where its unfair is when Amazon sells a $,1,000 TV to someone in California and that they do not include the use tax in the price. Never mind collecting it, they do not even tell you about it.

You think your getting a TV for a $1,000 but if you own the state a use tax that isnt so.

Amazon shouldnt have to collect the use tax but they should make it part of the price.

Bottom line is that $1,000 TV Amazon sells people actually costs more.\

Some lawyer should sue them for this unfair business practice.
@FloydSchneider
Be careful when using "use tax" in an argument.
This is a very sore point with folks in Cali. It plays like we are being double taxed.
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What?
Pete "athynz" Athens 21st Jul
@FloydSchneider Some lawyer should sue them for this unfair business practice.

And how is Amazon responsible for a tax that California charges? And why should a lawyer go after Amazon for it?
@FloydSchneider But that would mean Amazon would have to do the same for every tax authority on the planet. The costs associated with that are not shared by bricks and mortar stores, they only need to deal with tax auths in the city the store is in.

In other words, there is a global sized can of worms here, and dealing with 1 retailer and 1 state at a time is not going to work. Won't stop local governments from grabbing as much as they can though.
@anothercanuck - Yup. I work with this can of worms in just the US - there are over 65,000 tax juridictions in the US, many that overlap, and require the sales tax return submitted with the check *EVERY MONTH*, and if you do more than 2-3 months worth of business they require it be paid by electronic funds transfer. The audits are never ending as well, because every state and local jurisdiction is convinced you're hiding revenue. And God help you if you make a mistake, even if you use something like Avalara, the SWAT like enforcement actions make you wonder if they are all ex-drug warriors. One office of a company that is in 48 states miscalculated the tax on a server, figured it out, and sent in a correction. Between the time the original return was sent in and the correction (which comes out of the corporate office in California), the local office in Ohio was raided, the files confiscated, and the office locked up. We found out when the local manager was finally able to call in on his cell phone what had happened. The sales taxes in question were about $200.00. The company actually had to get a state court order to get back the files and get the office opened. Because of this (and other unfriendly business permits and city departments) that office was closed for good July 1st. Four office staff and 12 field installers are now out of a job over a $200 calculation error. They are seriously debating if they want to remain in Ohio at all.

Yet states whine about how their tax revenues are down. I wonder why?...
@FloydSchneider Amazon is using ZIPPO of california infrastructure or anything else to deliver its products. As such no sales tax should be collected. California and other states need to stop looking to suck more money of the economy and start firing people who are part of the state governments or at least declare pensions null and void.
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some numbers could help for comparison
p.vinnie@... Updated - 21st Jul
While writing these articles, it may be worthwhile using some sample products and quoting some numbers about taxation involved in both cases.

For example:
1) Amazon case:
original price of a book $xxx;
tax paid by Amazon at $x
tax paid by California resident (including use tax) $x
Total: $xxx
Proposed tax: $x
New total after proposed tax: xxxx

2) High street retailer (i.e. Walmart) case:
original price of a book $xxx;
tax paid by Wal-mart at $x
tax applicable $x
Total: $xxx

Let numbers speak with apple to apple comparison...
@p.vinnie@...
Missed the point with this.
The tax Cali put on Amazon was for their affiliate sales program. Amazon is the middleman. The seller resides in Cali and sells to you via Amazon.
plain
@rhonin

Nope. California is insisting that it's much more broad than that. One example they've proposed is that if you're contracting with someone to host your data from a server in Cali, it's a nexus and you have to collect.
@rhonin I think you've misunderstood both the new law and the affiliate programs.
So much retailer driven bs.....
When I buy something from Amazon, I shop and compare.
With Amazon I can get a great price, shipping to door is generally free and you can usually get some great customer reviews. Add in no crowds, checkout hassles and it is generally faster.
When I shop I buy from whomever gives me the best bang for the buck.
Go Amazon!

Btw; I hope the referendum does make it to ballot.
I do not see it as a tax or no tax question. I see it as a plead for commonality among taxing entities. Is Amazon - or anyone else for that matter supposed to track each and every sales tax addendum that cities apply? In my own area within 20 miles (suburban of course) sales tax varies from 7.25% to 9.3%. A regulated federal tax to bypass this hodgepodge of tax structures would allow commerce over state lines to reap some income without applying all the nuances and overhead of tracking Podunkvilles current tax schemes.
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no more taxes!
Linux Geek 21st Jul
the people have spoken and this and all the other taxes must die!
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Yes!
Tim Patterson 21st Jul
@Linux Geek

Why is the "solution" always to ICREASE taxes? Why can't the solution be in eliminating a tax to level a playing field and force the power hungry monsters in government to function with less?

When times get tough companies and families downsize yet the government (at all levels) keeps growing and destroying more and more wealth.
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Bad idea
msoeguy 21st Jul
@Tim Patterson

Don't feed the trolls (even if you happen to agree with them at the moment). It just encourages them to come back.
@Tim Patterson this isn't a tax increase. It's about forcing retailers to collect taxes that are already on the books.

History has shown that taxes increase during economic down times. Indeed, most sales taxes were introduced during the great depression.
@Linux Geek - No taxes, really? Suggest you move to a deserted island with no utilities, no roads, no schools, no police, no fire depts, no medical care, no military, no lbraries, no social security, no medicare, no medicade, etc. etc.; that is what you would have here with no taxes.
@cdhanks - All those services would be provided by private businesses, at a far better price than any government. And you would only pay for what you want. Since our government is spending over 100% of GDP here in the US, and inflated the dollar so that it has lost 95% of it's value, I'd rather pay no more taxes to this bloodsucking monster called government. The only way to starve it down to something manageable is to deny it new sources of revenue and take away the deficit spending.

It's going to be ugly here in short order...
Online Sales should be free of local tax. Local government's inability to balance their books or to use money for it's intended purpose should not be the problem of business owners. These businesses are the driving force in our economy today and should not be further burden with the greed of local politicians.
@Nexworld "Online Sales should be free of local tax."

They aren't. Online sales have never been tax free. If a retailer does not collect sales/use tax from the buyer, the buyer is expected to pay the local/district/state use tax directly.
I'm laughing at this. Assuming that whatever Walmart is supporting comes true...Amazon still won't have to pay Sales taxes to California. Amazon pulled their affiliate program to get around the law meaning all it did was hurt California's tax revenue by losing the income tax on those affiliates. Not to mention, Amazon isn't against paying a sales tax. They're against setting up the infrastructure to manage each and every sales tax difference in America. I can literally buy the same item on two different sides of a street and pay a different tax percentage. As stated in this article, they want Congress to pass a bill for an online sales tax that applies to everyone in America. I.e. it doesn't matter if you're in California or Arkansas, you're going to pay 7% or whatever number they pick.
@Aerowind - I agree. I work with multi-state businesses and when you realize there are over 65,000 tax jurisdictions in the US alone, many with draconian enforcement policies, you get REALLY angry with tax situation. In some states there are seven levels of taxes on products, and each jurisdiction requires a *separate* sales tax return EACH MONTH. Even with Avalara, some companies spend every month in a tax audit in one state or another, for months on end. I know a couple of companies that *left* Louisiana for that very reason.
@Aerowind Amazon dropped the affiliates but they still have the subsidiaries which are also part the new law.

", they want Congress to pass a bill for an online sales tax that applies to everyone in America."

Not quite. They want Congress to force states to simplify their sales tax laws so that it is no longer unreasonable for retailers to be able to collect sales tax on behalf of every state with sales tax (not all states have sales taxes). The Streamlined Sales and Use Tax initiative is part of this effort.
When you hinder e-commerce, you in violation of the Constitution. 'Nough said.
@tomogden This is simply not a correct statement.
I'm with Amazon on this one, screw California... that's why LIBERALS shouldn't be in charge of the state.
It seems to me places like Amazon.com are like catalogs - and catalogs are exempt from sales tax
@stevejg61 I agree somewhat with the characterization. The Amazon web site is indeed like a catalog.

Catalog companies are not exempt from sales tax laws. A company with a presence in a state must comply with the sales tax laws of that state.

At issue here is whether Amazon (and others) have presence in CA. The new CA law changes things so that now Amazon and others are viewed to have a presence. Amazon is obviously challenging that view.
Your income is taxed. You are then taxed again when you purchase something.
Just wait until the greed of our government passes an internet sales tax: you will be taxed on the income, taxed on the internet purchase and locally taxed by your state. Don't think for a minute the state will pass up an opportunity to take more of your money.
@rlarian I think you are exactly right. And so this needs to be fixed at the federal level, with a law (and Supreme Court, make sure it's constitutional) that forbids double taxation (well, in this case, as you've said, it would actually be triple or quadruple) ... make a decision on how to handle this consistently.
the only thing that the last page of the california tax return, where it asks one to declare all things bought outside the state and remit the sales tax due, is genuine laughter.
Good day to confirm this comment I would appreciate T h e b e s t o f Z D N e t d e l i v e r e d your website very nice to everyone Yes, Oracle is the only one with shared-disk architecture, but that is there advantage. It means you can add or remove nodes and the database lives on. In a shared nothing architecture, if you lose a node, you lose the system. I'm sure Oracle appreciates EMC highlighting their advantage.I also desire to signal in your RSS feeds. Thank you as soon as once again and maintain up the great operate Awesome post! Thank you very much || thanks for nice content this is really benefit to me.

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